US1925529A - Permanent waving - Google Patents

Description

v. J. GENTILE PERMANENT wAvING Sept. 5, 1933.

Filed Sept. 2l

INVENTO l ATTORNE 4and 2) is hollow as naif winding machine serial no. reisen, med July l2, 1930. My said hair winding machine produces a winding or curl of superior uniformity and excellence, and good winding is necesing the tress upon the member 5. The interior steam permeation may be variously accomplished,

ybut as embodied, waving fluid is introduced into the interior of the curl and heated. The introduction of the fluid into the curl may also be variously eected. As embodied, the member ,5 is provided with a plurality of very small apertures 9 between the hollow interior 7 and the exterior, in the portion of the member 5 which will be covered by the wound tress. The outer end 13 of member 5 is open, and when'my winding machine is used, the mandrel is connected to the winder at this end. in this preferred embodiment, the waving iiuid, or the carrier therefor, is introduced within the member 5 at or from this open end.

As now preferably practiced, and as here ernbodied, the waving liquid is introduced within the curl by means of a carrying device inserted within the member 5, and the interior steaming is effected by heat applied to the liquid within the member 5, whereby steam is generated and permeates the cuil throughout its length from the interior outwardly; although the introduction of the liquid and the interior steaming may be otherwise effected so far as concerns the broader features of the invention. Said liquid carrier, as embodied, comprises a slender elongated body capable of carrying the liquid, preferably by absorption, and where a chemical solution is used in the steaming, the carrier may be impregnated with the chemical and later supplied with water, or the chemical solution itself may be absorbed by the carrier. l porting core ld which is preferably of a rustless or non-'corrosive material, has exterlorly a hlar or other. structure or material l5, constituting the liquid carrier, the liquid being absorbed and held between the thread-like or bristle-like members of the part l5. The liquid carrying element may be constructed to absorb and carry a predetermined uuantity of fluid, and in other embodimentslilrewise the quantity of fluid introduced into Athe curl may be nicely regulated, so as to effect the desired result. This regulation of the interior supply of uid may be varied for curls of various sizes on the same head. When the carrier is charged with liduicLit is passed into the interior of the foraminate tube 5, and it preferably has an enlarged outer end 16 which serves as a closure for the end of the member 5. Upon the application of heat and generationyof steam,

'this closure when used, will helpfto create sufficient pressure within member 5to drive the steam outwardly 'thru the apertures 9 into the interior of the curl. In the preferred 'form and as shown in Fig. i, the tress 1'? is wound spirally about the support 5, and a pervious tape 18 is interwound therewith, or thereover, to hold the curl, and especially the hair ends in position, and the outer end of the tape is suitably fastened, and is usually clamped to the support 5.

in carrying out my invention to the best advantage,I the waving uid is applied also to the exterior of the curl, and so far as its details are concerned this may be done inclue of the usual As so embodied a central or supmanege ways. As shown a'sachet 23 may be wrapped about the curl, as shown in Fig. l. The sachet comprises an inner leaf or sheet of felt or other absorptive material, and an outer layer 24 of paper, metal foil or other relatively impervious material. The inner absorbent layer is impregnated with a chemical solution or other suitable Awaving fluid, and wrapped about the curl, and

the outer or relatively impervious layer 24 is wrapped about and encases the whole. The inner end of the sachet is preferably held in place about the bottom of the curl, and just below the inner end of the member 5, by any suitable device such as a clamp 25, and the outer end of the sachet is twisted and crimped or otherwise substantially closed in any desired way.

In thus carrying out my process, the tresses are divided on the head, and are stretched and wound, with practically uniform or definitely varied tension, about the tubular foraminate supports 5, and this uniform or denitely regulated tension and winding constitutes the primary requisite for uniform and super-excellent waving, irrespective of the size of the curl and the number of hairs therei Furthermore, the waving fluid is applied in proper or regulated quantity or proportion/within the curl throughout its length, and in like manner to its exterior throughout its length, preparatory to the steaming. Heat may be applied in any suitable manner and this may be done by means of the usual socalled waving machine, that is, by the electrical heating sockets, such as 29, encircling the various sachet-enclosed curls, the amount and duration of the heat application being controlled by the operator, or otherwise. in the best practice the application of the heat is largely controlled by the judgment of the operator, but the present invention, by the means and in the manner pointed out, safeguards against damage or ill results which might otherwise result from mistaire or neglect on the part of the operator.

ln practice in beauty shops, in dividing the hair into strands or tresses preparatory to winding or curling, it is of course impossible to form curls of uniform size, or to get the same amount of hair into each tress and curl; and this variation in itself is conducive to beauty and naturalness in a wave, if thorough steam penetration can be effected. Practically uniform steam penetration and steaming action under those conditions is one of the main objects 4of the present invention. The penetrative lpower or effect of the steam from the waving fluid decreases inwardly of the curl, or considered otherwise, the resistance of the tightly-'wound hair and intermeshed air to the penetration of the steam into the curl is cumulative; and by simultaneous application of waving fluid both within and exteriorly to the curl, and the resultant steaming and-steam penetration in both directions, these negative influences are overcome,` and thorough and uniform steaming of the entire curl is insured. As a result there is no dry-heating (i. e. marcelling) norinadeqate steaming, of the inner part of the curl, both of which faults or defects necessarily result in scorching and inadequate and impermanent waving. That is, due to these faults the inner part of the wound tress is vdry heated like an ordinary marcel, and after the first shampoo loses its permanency.

The invention further obviates any necessity for attempted close regulation by the operator with the necessarily unsatisfactory results, as i

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