US1924104A - Manometric apparatus - Google Patents

Manometric apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US1924104A
US1924104A US598452A US59845232A US1924104A US 1924104 A US1924104 A US 1924104A US 598452 A US598452 A US 598452A US 59845232 A US59845232 A US 59845232A US 1924104 A US1924104 A US 1924104A
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Prior art keywords
pressure
enclosures
diaphragm
conduits
enclosure
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Expired - Lifetime
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US598452A
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English (en)
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Boulitte Georges Charles
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Individual
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to manometric apparatus for measuring or observing pulsating pressures, and it relates more particularly to sphygmographs, sphygmomanometers, or sphygmometro- 5 graphs for observing or measuring arterial pressure.
  • the invention is not limited to any particular type of manometric apparatus.
  • the primary object of the present invention is to provide a manometric apparatus with which more precise and more rapid measurements may be made.
  • At least one enclosure which is filled with a fluid which may be caused to exert pressure against a flexible diaphragm which cooperates with appropriate recording members to record the pressure exerted thereon by the fluid.
  • a fluid which may be caused to exert pressure against a flexible diaphragm which cooperates with appropriate recording members to record the pressure exerted thereon by the fluid.
  • the average pressure exerted by the fluid within the enclosure should be either greater or less than that of the pulsating pressure, and to that end means are provided for increasing or decreasing the pressure normally exerted on the diaphragm by the fluid within the enclosure, and to permit a continuous 5 and uniform increase or decrease of that pressure. While various means may be provided for changing the pressure exerted in the diaphragm by the fluid within the enclosure, I prefer to accomplish the change by means which will cause a'continuous and uniform decrease of that pressure.
  • Such means may conveniently comprise a tube or a nest of tubes which are connected to the enclosure or enclosures and have their lower ends immersed in a tank filled with a liquid, preferably one having a high specific gravity, such as mercury.
  • a liquid preferably one having a high specific gravity, such as mercury.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view, partly in sec;- tion and partly in plan, of a sphygmographic apparatus embodying the invention.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 are similar views of modifications.
  • apparatus of the present invention 7 may comprise only a single enclosure, I prefer to provide two adjacent enclosures a, and b which are separated by a membrane or diaphragm a.
  • the enclosure a is connected directly to a cuff d which may be placed on one of the arms of the person to be examined.
  • the other enclosure is connected to a conduit 1, which has its other end connected to a pressurealtering means, such as a piston pump e.
  • the conduits c and f are connected by a branch conduit 9 having a valve h therein.
  • air may be forced into the conduits f, g and 0 whereby the pressure exerted on the diaphragm by the fluid in the enclosures a and b may be either raised or lowered to an initial value higher or lower than the maximum or minimum value of the arterial pressure to be studied.
  • the valve It may be closed to isolate the enclosures a and b from one another.
  • any differential in pressure in either enclosure will cause a displacement of the diaphragm.
  • Such displacement of the diaphragm may be transmitted to a suitable recording or indicating member in order that a record or indication of the displacement may be obtained.
  • pulsations in an arterial stream may be transmitted through the cuff d to the fluid in the enclosure a to cause a vibration of the diaphragm a.
  • Those vibrations in turn, cause the operation of the recording or indicating means to give a record or indication of the amplitude of the pulsations being studied.
  • the diaphragm may cause a needle or pointer to move over a dial.
  • a permanent record for future consideration is generally desirable,
  • the operating levers may pass through the walls of the enclosure in a manner such as is disclosed in French Patent No. 19,698.
  • enclosures a and b are both shown as comprising three rigid walls and a common displaceable diaphragm separating them, the apparatus may be modified by having the enclosure 2), for example, in the form of a deformable cap sule.
  • means are provided for obtaining a gradual and uniform increase or decrease of the initial pressure prevailing in the interior of the'enclosures a and 1), depending upon whether the initial pressure in the enclosure is higher or lower than the pulsating pressure to be studied. If the pulsating pressure is higher than that initially prevailing in the enclosures, the pressure therein will be gradually and uniformly decreased, but if the pulsating pressure is lower than the initial prevailing pressure in the enclosures, the pressure therein will be gradually and uniformly increased.
  • the means for increasing the pressure within t e enclosures is so arranged that the valve I may be maintained closed, and. the enclosures a and b isolated. 7
  • the enclosures a and b are connected respectively by conduits a and b to means which will simultaneously bring about a diminution "of the pressure in the enclosures.
  • Such means may comprise two exactly calibrated stop cooks, the movements of which are conjugated to one another, or two spring valves the opening and closing of which is controlled by uniformly decreasing the tension on the springs by a unicontroi cooperating with the two valves, as for example, a weight movable along a lever arm, or preferably as shown in Fig.
  • means are provided for causing relative vertical movement between the ends of the conduits and the tank, either by maintaining the tank fixed and displacing the ends of the conduits thereto, or, as shown in Fig. l, by maintaining the tubes fixed and moving the tank relative to them.
  • the tank it containing the liquidin which the ends of the conduits a and b are immersed is suspended by a cable I passing around pulleys m and having a weight n on its other end for partly balancing the weight of the tank and its contents.
  • a relatively slow and uniform lowering of the t .such chambers will be filled with a liquid of modmosaics may be obtained by means of a suitable centrifugal regulator or wind damper p.
  • the end portions of the conduits a and b are preferably formed by nests of tubes g which may comprise the same number for each conduit if the capacity of enclosures a and b is about the same, or, if the capacity of the enclosures is substantially different, the number of tubes at the ends of the conduits a and b may be different, or the tubes may be of different cross sections.
  • intermediate expansion chambers may be inserted intermediate the ends of the tubes a and b as shown in Fig. 2.
  • one wall of the tank It is provided with a plurality of .regularly spaced contacts s2 which are adapted to contact with a fixed contact 8 to complete an electrical circuit including an electromagnet 12 As the tank It descends, the contacts s2 will progressively come into contact with the fixed contact s, and each time a contact s2 contacts with contact.
  • the shaft on which the drum i rotates is mechanically connected to the means for regulating the speed of descent of the tank is, so that the descent of the tank and the rotation of the drum is conjugated, whereby the scale of the abscissae will represent the pressure in the enclosures, while the scale of the ordinates will represent the amplitude of the pulsations.
  • Fig. 3 The modification shown in Fig. 3 is adapted to operate with a cuif having a plurality of pocketsf instead of with but a single pocket as shown in Fig. i.
  • Fig. 3 two pockets (1' and d2 are shown.
  • the pocket d is connected with the enclosure a in the manner described in connection with Fig.
  • the second pocket is connected by the conduit g to pump e, and also is in communicationwith conduit (121 which is immersed in tank is the same as conduits a and b.
  • the conduit g has a valve k2 therein, the movements of whichs are preferably conjugated with the movements of x the valve h in conduit 9 by means of a member n3 connecting the handles of the two valves.
  • the valves are so set relative to the connecting member k3 that they are simultaneously opened 6 and closed.
  • the tank la When it is desired to chart the amplitude of a pulsating pressure, as for example the arterial pressure of a person, the tank la is raised to its upper position, the valve h or valves h and n2, depending upon whether the apparatus of Fig. 1 or Fig. 3 is being used, is opened and the pump e operated until a pressure of,say, for example, 30 cm. of mercury is attained in the enclosures a and b, and the cufi d, or cuffs d and d2. The valve or valves are then closed and the descent of tank It and the simultaneous rotation of drum iis started.
  • a pressure of,say for example, 30 cm. of mercury
  • an enclosure a diaphragm dividing the enclosure into at least two chambers, means for initially subjecting the opposite sides of the diaphragm to uniform pressures of a gaseous medium, means for communicatingoscillating' pressures through the gaseous medium to the diaphragm, means connected to the diaphragm to visibly translate movements thereof, and means for progressively and uniformly varying the gaseous pressure on opposite sides of the diaphragm, including conduits communicating with the chambers and a receptacle containing a liquid in which the ends of the conduits are immersed, the receptacle and the ends of the conduits being relatively movable whereby the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid with respect to the ends of the conduits is varied.
  • an enclosure a diaphragm dividing the enclosure into at least two chambers, means for initially subjecting the opposite sides of the diaphragm to uniform pressures of a gaseous medium, means for communicating oscillating press'ures through the gaseous medium to the diaphragm, means connected to the diaphragm to visibly translate movements thereof, including a stylus and a moving surface co-operating therewith, and means for progressively and uniformly varying the gaseous pressure on opposite sides of the diaphragm, including conduits communicating with the chambers and a receptacle containing a liquid in which the ends of the conduits are immersed, the receptacle and the ends of the conduits being relatively movable whereby the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid with respect to the ends of the conduits is varied.
  • an enclosure a diaphragm dividing the enclosure into at least two chambers, means for initially subjecting the opposite sides of the diaphragm to uniform pressures of a gaseous medium, means for communicating oscillating pressures through the gaseous medium to the diaphragm, means connected to the diaphragm to visibly translate movements thereof, means for progressively and uniformly varying the gaseous pressure on opposite sides of the diaphragm, including conduits communicating with the chambers and a receptacle containing a liquid in which the ends of the conduits are immersed, the receptacle and the ends of the conduits being relatively movable whereby the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid with respect to the ends of the conduits is varied, and means for visually indicating no with the chambers and a receptacle containing a liquid in which the ends of the conduits are immersed, the receptacle and the ends of the conduits being relatively movable whereby the hydrostatic pressure

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
US598452A 1931-07-02 1932-03-12 Manometric apparatus Expired - Lifetime US1924104A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE1924104X 1931-07-02

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US1924104A true US1924104A (en) 1933-08-29

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US598452A Expired - Lifetime US1924104A (en) 1931-07-02 1932-03-12 Manometric apparatus

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US (1) US1924104A (xx)
BE (1) BE381053A (xx)
DE (1) DE622566C (xx)
FR (1) FR740303A (xx)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2851030A (en) * 1958-09-09 Boucke

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1000603A (fr) * 1946-03-08 1952-02-14 Bosch & Speidel Procédé et dispositif pour l'examen de lésions vasculaires

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2851030A (en) * 1958-09-09 Boucke

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE381053A (xx)
DE622566C (de) 1935-11-30
FR740303A (fr) 1933-01-24

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