US1919997A - Safety device for hoisting engines - Google Patents

Description

July 25, 1933. Q L. BERBY 1,919,997

SAFETY DEVICE FOR HOISTING ENGINES Filed Dec. 17, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 lNVENTQ/Z 3 01a QC. Bard July 25, 1933. o. L. BERBY 1,919,997

SAFETY DEVICE FOR HOISTING ENGINES Filed Dec. 17, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

Ola 0C. Bard BY A TTORNEY6.

I Patented July 25; 19533 UNITED STATES PATENT m] one L. BERBY, or DULUTH, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR T0 CLYDE mu woaKsor'noLutrir,

MINNESOTA,- A ,ooaroim rion or MAINE j SAFETY nEvIon ron norsrine enemas Application .filefi'Decexnber 17,- 1929.-

Serial m..- 414,736.

This invention, relating as indicated to safety-devices for hoisting engines, has specific reference to a means whereby the winding spool on which the hoist-mg cable is wound is automatically and" substantially braked to obviate any accidental dropping of the suspended load. t

' Hoisting mechanisms as commonly em- .ployed, for example, in hoisting building material from the: ground level to the upper levels of a building in the course of construction, are providedwith no means other than the manual control of the operator for preventing the-accidental fallingof the suspended load, whether such load be an Yelevator carriage or a heavy structural steel.

member. In the construction of a hoisting unit of the type, commonly employed't-he lated by the operator of the hoist. After the driving-means has been disconnected.

from the winding. spool the load is normally held in elevated position by the application of the above mentioned brake and the load, consequently, is held suspended 'only so long as the operator maintains the application of the brake. The brake by which the load or elevator carriage is held. in position is usually the same brake by which the descent of the carriage or hoisted material is regulated.

:With the confusion necessarily incident to building construction and th'elmany distractions which are present in the'neighborhood of the hosting mechanism operator, there" arenu'mer'ous possibilities for such operator becoming confused and releasingthebrake with the resulting precipitation 'ofthesuspended loads and injuryto persons 'injthe vicinity where the load is dropped." A further source of danger is the element of care l'essness present in the manner in which the hoisting mechanism is controlled by certain types of operators.

It is the purpose of my invention to .provide a safety means for hoisting mechanism whereby any accidental dropping of the susand asill upon which the hoisting mechapended load is entirely obviated. It is a further object of my invention to provide a safety device Y forhoisting mechanism which shall be operable at all times and can in no Way be impaired byany careless or unpr'emeditated act on the part of theoperator. Other objects of my invention will be apparentas the description proceeds. V

. Tolfthe' accomplishment of the foregoing andrelated ends, saidiinvention, then,.con- I sistsfiof the means hereinafter fully described. and particularly pointed out in the claims; the annexeddrawings and the fol-v lowing description setting forth in detail certain mechanism embodying the invention, such disclosed means constituting; however, but oneof various mechanical forms in which the principle of the invention maybe used; I I p I In said annexed drawings ig.-1 is a plan View of a single drum hoisting mechanism comprising myinvention showing in association therewith the mechanism comprising my invention; Fig.w 2 isa side elevation ofthe mechanism illus-' trated inF-ig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a fragmentary broken sectional view of the mechanism illustrated in; Fig.'--2"taken on the plane substantially 'indicated by the line 3-3.

Referringfmore specifically to the drawings and more'especially to Fig. 1, the hoisting mechanism here shown consists of a supporting frame structure having side frame members 1 and 2, cross members 3 and/4 nism is mounted. Extending transversely of the side frame members 1 and 2is the shaft1f6, which isjrevolubly supported by bearings 7 and 8, respectively mounted on the members 1 and 2. Positioned adjacent to, and parallel with, the shaft 6 is a driven shaft 9whi'ch is revolubly supported bythe bearings 10 and 11 on the side frame memhers l and 2, respectively. The side frame members 1 and 2 are here shown supporting a suitable prime mover, here shown as an in- V ternal combustion engine 12 which has a crank shaft 13 extendingv therefrom, to

' which is rigidly secured the driving means 14. The 'driving means 14 has intercom.- 1B1 inunicetien Witha piilley115 indent; "ed on the shaft-9 byine'aneef-the flexible I secured te th'e shaftgfir r The sheftfi hes-ter minally 'nieiinted thereon:a*winchlhead 1-9.3 and intermedietely. of the, s1de'ii'en1ef-1he 'lished' between the Winding speelfQOfziiidjth be e ee el-ly prelz e th x ntli r driving gear l8-by meansefistheythrust screw Theiwinding spoel 2O p 'eviclet with; cnmferentiahdrums :26iaa'i1d 27Wl1ichzue adeptedto receive: the brakejheridsi 28, and;

81, respectively, -Which iltfk nil ts 32 gindfig'flf' Q As mostycle lyfshewn in Fi v H rpurposesref:cenvenien e, 1 v will "be ter ned th'e {service-"b'rakeythis ebe'ing 1 the brake" Whichis n n u mm nyr C6114 trolled the; operater" te 'iegnletei the de "scent of thesnspendedfilead, hasits=pne 7 receive the feet of the Operator;

V w therebyqeifect- (at; tightening et .thePser i 55: V inelriberg38. i, r I

Positioned-trensversely of the s de-frame;

mew

has ityterminjil pertionfflfi"ferneedi int i handle for the he'mi o fi the-20 mm 281111013129 is effected, by ithe scrfe iirsi 'g carr band :EZSfWhicl minel portion 34 bifurcateda and secure the plate- 35, which isirigidlj -monrit of the brake 2 8' is "secured t Ilthe meiriher'38 I by means of the pin aThe'il nernber-38fis;

rigidlywsecnred te the shaft 40 which i tothe net-ion of th'ejs'ecuringbolt: {4g

portion thereof, *whi'ch pad" members land 2, endsuitably journaled 5 The ofp'p'esi'te end of: the safety. brake;

lsgseeuredte e therein is a shaft Platesimilar teflplete 35; by

l lonnotgthese. securing members: fthis end 7 plate SISe'cur V 7 l'YQwhiclr rigidly-se enre'd t0gtl1e:.1ne111'be1' 4-8 which, thrOnglI-the; pin49, secures one end 5100f: the safety brake i Of the szifety hrzike isdirectly behind the securing niembers 'for the siniiler end of the 7 .driving means 16.} The shafti? hasri idly l secured" theretothe "pinion" '17ftvh'i'e'; fis adapted te mesh" with the-gear 18' rigidly fqre is deseribedin the above matter;

7 I The inding spool 20' has rigidly secured thereto" a; pinion 51 which is adeptedte inf Vteriiiesh'pivithj e} geai 152f Thefgear 52 is leesely mounted on a'shaft 53 and restrained 1 ag'ainstex iell movement thereon in 'one di} 'I' f'tlreF11ut 54;"fil11esheft 53 is jeuriiailed in the'bearing block 55 siipi V portedi by the hracket 56secured to the 21 ;aCting through thriist b11522 te aziinlly m the W eSPQOli-2O ihtqz cenii iimie i tien with the fricti-0n-bleeks123. V i-etetien offthe'geer l8utlie ,iv ind b evil-l be;likeWiSemOtzitedQ wheelie 251- :is actuated by the control ler er 2%, which f ectl he 11s side (if-t 'efirhliie fqf the hoisting mechanism. The beai mgblack 55f-lhes its terminal per- @1157 -formedwith steeppleferebly right-Y handthreads end-has, a circular aperture 58 thew ,eireulzir" aperture :58" iSi Ya I compressi'on springjg) adapted to bear. against j the; i-elrcuniferientlali pcfiengey 760 formed 1!;

el'i' tlief shaft fi fi The relatively steep threads rind s] id endle Hen-ed which has likete eil t js ppft r 7 by mp n 8. 'The iiodl'ITheScQa XiaIly mounted finish- 9 w h is X l yj 'eeens .oit 'gtlrei'nut 8.0 and jthe l te'the sidefraline member 2, plate therec'l passes. The

n itud l t 'eeylther in, )in 84 carried theslmitfAO, i

; The 101"; "the; device sdfir its the T pin 63f which locked in position by mea-nsfof tlie nutf64s r .ff;Theghub 65 ofthegzir52 has revolubly ably intjnnted5there0nthepinion 6 6 1. has 21, cirenfniit'erei'itial axially ext-end j fintegrallytherewith which 1 L bin 1 72.1"" Revolubly seenred fielliyfermed therein? iBesitionechwith n 9111 the; member 57 are engaged 1 by 3 similar time: n

"centrally POSliIlOIlGCl. therein at;

iifc Witlithe-webef thegear i i i rzi'ft hesrigidlysecured there tdth'e' recited-segment 69 ivhi'clris adapted met r-merely secured there ecnred "tlierete gt cain element he entroldmndle .74 h'a sle piOJGCtlOlr nie'd ntegrelly therewith winch 1s establishment oil driving t,eennectiengbetween thefjwinding speol 2!}: land the driyingx gear 18, 1s concerned has been hereifnbefore fullyexplained. .,Likewise', the 1minipl la tion 0f the i'service hlii ke, hymezins, of: which: the I de- 'snspe'nded load isl regulated ecticlriof theierm -43; has also in) V :beenexplained. The operation ofthe safety brake willfnow be briefly outlined.

lVhen the winding spool'20' is rotating in the.dircctionlindicated by. the arrow in Fig. 2, which is the directionnecessary to wind the hoisting cable thereon, thepinion 51, which. is rigidly mounted. on the winding spool 20, will rotate in a counter-clockwise direction, imparting a clockwise rotation to the .gear 52, as illustrated in Fig. 2. The action of the spring59 is to force the shaft 53 to the left, as shown in Fig. 3, thereby maintaining frictional engagement between the flange '67 and the web of the gear 52, through the friction facing 68.. Rotation of the-gear 52 will therefore cause a like rotation of the pinion 66 which will; cause a counter-clockwise rotation .of the toothed segment 69, as illustrated in Fig. 2. I The toothed segment 69 will rotate in a counterclockwise directionuntil it strikes a stopy86, whereupon the pinion 66 will be held stationary and the gear 52 permittedto rotate against the friction of the facing 68. This counter-clockwise rotation of the toothed segment 69 will cause a release of the safety brake by a like rotation of the element 48 which secures the terminal portion 50 of the brake. Should by any chance the winding spool 20 be permitted to freely rotate in a clockwise direction, thereby causing a dropping of the suspended load, the direction of rotation of the gears comprising the above described gear train would be reversed and the toothed segment 69 caused to rotate in a clockwise direction, which would immediately apply the safety brake.

For the efficient operation of a safety brake, such brake should be so actuated that a release thereof is effected upon application of the service brake by the operator of the hoisting mechanism. This release of the safety brake, upon application of the service brake, is accomplished by the rod 77 being pulled downwardly upon depressing the.

arm 43, which rod will cause a clockwise rotation of the cam 75. The cam 75, upon be ing rotated, will, through the frictionless roller 71, cause a clockwise rotation of the thrust cap 62 which, through the thrust pin 63, will move the shaft 53 to the right, as shown in Fig. 3, against the pressure of the compression spring 59. This movement to the right of the shaft 53 will effect a disengagement of the friction facing 68 and the web of the gear 52, and the spring 87 will thereupon return the toothed segment to the dotted line position shown in Fig. 2, thereby releasing the safety brake.

It is a further advantage to the efficient operation of a hoisting mechanism that a simultaneous application of both brakes be possible to securely maintain a hoisted load of unusual proportions inelevated position. If, after the service brake has been applied by depressing the lever 43 which, as-before explained, will automatically release the safety brake, the operator should be desirousto also cause an application of the safety brake, a clockwise rotationof the cam element 75, by means of the handle 7 4, until the frictionless roller 71 rests on the flat face of the cam opposite to that on which it is shown resting in Fig. 2, thispos ition of the roller will permit the full effect of the spring 59 on the shaft 53 which, as hereinbefore explained, will effect an application of the safety brake.

It will be noted in connection with the above described mechanism that a positive means is provided for preventing the accidental dropping-of a suspended load, such device having the necessary requisites of a safety device in that any unpremeditated or careless act on the part of the operator can in. ,no way impair the efficiency of its operation.

Other modes of, applying the principle of my invention may be employed instead of the one explained, change being made as regards the mechanism herein disclosed, provided the means stated by any of the following claims or the equivalent of such during the application of said service brake- 2. In a hoisting mechanism, the combination with a winding spool, a safety brake associated with said spool, frictionally engaged means for applying said brake upon unwinding rotation of said spool, resilient means for normally maintaining said frictional engagement, a service brake for said spool, means for releasing said frictional engagement upon application of said service brake, independentlyoperable means adapted to effect said frictional engagement during the application of said service brake, and means freeing said safety brake upon release of said frictional engagement.

3. In a-hoisting mechanism, the combination with a winding spool mounted on a shaft, a safety brake associated with said spool, a pinion mounted on said shaft, a second shaft slidably and revolubly mounted adjacent to and parallel with said spool. carrying shaft, a gear mounted on said shaft ,intermeshing with said pinion, a second gear V mounted on said last named sha'ft adapted to "tional engagen'ient.

fi'ietionally'fengage saidlglast namedi gear, means assoelated wlth said 'second gear for actuating sa-ictsafety: brake, and freslllent means fornoi'mally maintaining said fric-,

shaft, a safety'bralie associated with said -spool,a p'inion mounted on said shaft, a sec- 0nd. shaft slidably and r'evolubly mounted adjacent to and parallel \Vitli said spool oari'ying shaft, a gear IIIOQIltGdDILSaIld shaftintermeshing with said pinion, a second gear mounted on" said last-named shaft adapted to frictionally engage said last-named gear,

means associated with said secondigear for actuating said safety (brake, resilient means "tional engagement during the application a *of sa1dserv1ce brake, and means for freeing 4. Ina hoisting-mechan1sm,i the combma-w tion with-awindin'g spool mounted onja "said: frictional engagement.

of-said service brake. 1

means for actuating said thrust screwupon tuating said thrustscrew toeffect said frie- 70 said safety brake upon disengagement of "5; In a hoisting mechanism, the combinatlon of awmdmg spooL'a servlce brake foi'lsaid spool, meansxfor actuating said service brake, asafety brake for said spool, "1 neans including, relatively movable frictionally; engaged meansenergized by unwinding rotation of said spool and deeneigized ,by actuation of said service brake for actuating'saidsafety; brake, and means for energizing said safety} brake during appllcatlon oLA L. :BERB'Y.

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