US1919041A - Reed mechanism - Google Patents

Description

July 18, 1933. w, c, R 1,919,041

REED MECHANISM Original Filed June 7, 1930 x xxx xxxxxxxxxxx INVENTOR.

M'lljam C. Hoe

my?! WJ A TTORNEY.

Patented July 18, 1933 UNITED STATES 1,919,041 PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM C. ROE, OF ELYRIA, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO TELKOR, INQ, OF ELYBIA, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO REED MECHANISM Original application filed June 7, 1980, Serial No. 459,674, now Patent No. 1,854,863, dated April 18, 1982. Divided and this application filed September 8, 1931. Serial No. 561,614.

My invention relates to reed mechanisms and relates more particularly to improve ments in vibratilereed circuit controllers for electrical systems.

My invention relates to that eneral type of vlbratile'reed circuit control er disclosed in my prior Patent No. 1,646,662, dated October 25, 1927, the present application disclosing improvements to the method and apparatus shown in my aforesaid prior patent, and my copending applicatlon for United States Letters Patent caring Ser1al No. 459,674, filed June 7. 1930, now'Patent No. 1,854,863, issued April 19, 1932 for? Reed convertors and methods, of which this is a divisional application.

An object of my invention is telprovide an improved synchronous reed mechanism Another object of -my present invention is to provide an improved reed controller for use in translating a periodically varying current into periodically varying current impulses of a different effective frequency. f "Another object of my invention is to provide an improved reed operated circuit-controller adapted for use to more continuously utillz'e 'the su 'plied current impulses in the translation said impulse into current im- P S 'Which periodicallyvary at a relatively fractional rate. v

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved synchronolisreed controlled current flow inodifie1 Other objects of my invention and the invention itself will become apparent by reference to the following description of an embodiment of. my invention illustrated more or figures of drawing, wherein: p

F ig.v 1 is a side elevational view of an electro-magnetic reed controller 'employed'in an embodiment of my invention Fig. 2 is an elevational view of the reed for the controller of Fig. 1';

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of a system employing the controller of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a side elevational view of a controller employing in combination the struc ture of Figs. 1 and 2, together with an additional reed and circuit controlling contacts.

Fig. 5 is a medial longitudinal section relatively enlarged of a fragment of the controller of Fig. 4;

less diagrammatically in the accompanying plied current wave and successively disposed therebelow, impressed and resultant current waves resulting from the operation in electrical iystems of the apparatus of the foregoing gures.

Referring now first to the reed a paratus of Figs. 1 and 2 and the system of l 3, in which the said reed apparatus may e employed, at 1 I show an electromagnet having a core terminating magnetically in' laterally extending pole pieces 2 and 3 at its respective two ends.

The pole piece 2 terminates in a pole flange 4 and the pole iece 3 terminating in a pair of inturned forlis 5 and 6.

At 7 I show a com ound reedialement comprising a pair of leai springs Sand 9 secured together by a pair of rivets 10 and an intermediate rivet 11 forming an electrical contact point as will later-appear. The two "by end portions so that when secured together the effect of the spring 91is to form a resilient extension for the spring 8 whose end 12 extends toward the free end of the 9 to a point approximately mid-way of the ends of said sprin The spring 8 is provided with a pair 0 perforations 13 adapted to admit the shanks of rivets 14 projected therethrough, and through aligned perforations of a metallic block 15'j-and of the fork 6 of said electromagnet pole": iece, whereby the compound reed 7 is rigid y imounted on said fork.

The spring 9 carries an inertia weight element 16 which, in the-form of a looped strip of metal 17, embraces the spring 9 and to which there is rotatably secured an ad'ustable arm 18 pivoted to the freeends o the loop 17 by a rivet 19 securing the free ends of the loop and an end of the arm together in such a manner as to clamp the loop onto the spring and to form a pinion on which the arm 18 may frictionally rotate in order sprmg to adj ustably dispose its free end moreor less The reed as mounted on the electromagnet tructure of Fig. 1 is disposed with the spring 9 innermost, that is, towards the electromagnet 1, and the contact 11, heretofore referred to as a rivet, projects outwardly to engage the contacting end of a contact screw 2] which is adjustably screw-threaded in an insulating bushing 22 carried by an end of the fork 5 of the pole piece 3.

When the screw 21 is turned in the bushing to advance its point into contact with the contact 11, an electrical circuit is completed between said screw and said contact and when the electrical circuit of Fig. 3 is complete, including said contact screw 21 and contact 11, the compound reed is thrown into vibration under the control of the contacts 11-21 at a rate dependent upon the inherent properties of the reed, the electrical and mechanical effect of the engagement of the contacts and the strength of the magnetic field in which the steel compound reed is oscillated, but under the dominant control of the impulses of electrical current supplies from a source such as the alternating current generator 23 over the circuit conductors, as illustrated in Fig. 3, the circuit of-which will now be explained.

Referring now particularly to Fig. 3, wherein an electrical system similar to that disclosed in my copending application for Letters Patent is shown employing the reed of my invention, at 24 an alternating current transformer is illustrated comprising a primary winding P and a secondary winding of any desired transformation ratio, such as for instance 1 to 1. The secondary winding S is extended by circuit conductors 25 to any desired electro-responsive devices adaptable for operation by the current derived from the mechanism and circuit described, such as the telephone, polarized bells 26, shown as being connected across the conductors 25, each in series with an appropriate electrical condenser 27.

The winding of the electromagnet 1 15 connected in serial circuit with the source of alternating current. 23 and the contacts 21 and 22, and the primary winding 1, in the embodiment illustrated, is shown as connected in multiple with the winding of the electromagnet 1.-

The system of Fig. 3 operates as follows: Alternating current having the approximate wave form of that indicated at A in Fig. 9, being supplied from the source 23 to the winding of the 'electromagnet 1 through the 'pontacts 2111, Fig. 3,-- Will energize the electromagnet to cause the end of the reed 7 to approach the pole piece flange 4, as indicated by the dotted lines 28, Fig. 1, at the same time effecting breaking of the circuit by separation of the contacts 21-11. The contacts being broken, the reed by the power of its,own inherent resiliency will retract to again close the contacts with the foregoing result repeated.

\Vhen so oscillated, the reed constructed as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 will oscillate within the limits relatively substantially as shown by the dotted lines 28 and 29 to periodically make and break the contact 21-11. Due to the compound nature of the reed, the relative positioning of its parts 8 and 9 and mechanical engagement on the back stroke between the contact 11 carried by the reed and the fixed contact 21, the reed will take a longer excursion toward the pole flange 4 than in the opposite direction, and by suitable adj ustment of the screw 21 while the reed is vibrated, each forward excursion of the reed will be caused to take just twice as long as each rearward excursion thereof. When this result is obtained, the fact will be visually evident to the one making the adjustment by noting that at such time the substantially complete absence of electrical sparking at the contacts.

When this condition is secured, it is found that the reed is' vibrating by impulses of current taken from the wave such as shown at A, Fig. 9, and indicated in solid lines by the portions thereof shown at a and b, Fig. 9. In other words, as shown at B, the current impulses throu h the electromagnet 1 are of alternate polarityand spaced from the next succeeding impulses of current by a full cycle of omitted impulses of alternating current indicated 'by dotted lines between the impulses a and b. The solid line impulses a and b of successively opposite polarity passing through the electromagnet 1 also pass through the primary winding P of the transformer 24 with the result that an alternating currentis supplied by the secondary winding thereof having a periodicity one-third that of the periodicity of current supplied by the source 23. The current wave produced by the compound reed of my present invention is similar to that previously described in my prior Patent No. 1,646,662. dated October 25, 1927, and in my copending application for United States Letters Patent bearing Serial No. 459,674, filed June 7 1930, and to which reference may be had.

In the apparatus of Fig. 1, the reenforcing portion of the spring 8, overlapping the spring 9 causes a resistance to be resiliently applied to retractive movements of the spring 9, and particularly this is true when the contact screw 21 engages the contact 11 atlixed to the reed 7 at a pointspaced from its support 6. On the forward excursion toward the position 28, however, the overlapping portion ofthe spring 8 has no such function and the spring 9 and the supporting portion of the spring 8 swings freely inwardly, in a manner similar .to that which would occur, were the springs 8 and 9 one continual spring with no overlapping portion.

In effecting vibration of the compound reed at a rate which is exactly two-thirds that of the periodicity of the supplied alternating current, the arm 18 of the element 16 may e adjusted to varying positions by rotating it on the pin 19 until its periodicity corresponds to the fractional periodicity of the alternating current desired.

It will be understood that the tuning of the compound reed is to be accomplished with a view to the frequency of alternating current desired to be obtained by the operation ofthesystem and that the reed vibration rate above given is that which would be required to be had where it is desired to obtain an 'alternating current whose periodicity is onethird that of the periodicity of current from the source, as described herein.

In the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Fig. 4, the apparatus shown to the right of the longitudinal middle line :va: is like that previously shown and described in connection with Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 9, and therefore this part of the apparatus of Fig. 4' will be referred to but briefly in connection with the description of the operation of the apparatus shown to the left of the medial line .'ca: of Fig. 4, wherein the pole pieces 2 and 3 of Fig. 1 are integrally prolonged toward the left toprovide the pole tip 2 and the pole piece 3' bifurcated at its end to provide the reed supporting arm 30 and the fixed contact supporting arm 31. An elongated main reed 32 and ashort contact-carrying supplemental reed 33 aresupported by an end of each, in relatively superposed relation on the arm 30 being clamped thereto bya plate 34 and rivets-'35 pro ected "through aligned apertures ofsaid plate, said superposed reedsand said arm 30. 'Themain and supplemental reeds, per se, are respectivelyjillustrated in elevation in Figs. 6 and], whereint'he rivet receiving. apertures are shown and also are shown at 36,. and also fan aperture 37 is shown provided in the supplemental feed 33 for""the reception of the reduced ne'ck 38, Fig.5, of an electrical contact element-39 in the formof-a rivet and, having a contact portion projected from a flat side of the supplemental reed.

Also, an enlarged aperture 40, Figs. 5 and 6, is provided through which the projecting portion of the contact 39 may extend for engagement by the contact point of the fixed contact screw 41, which is adj ustably mounted in. the insulating block or bushing 43 carried by the arm 31. I

The supplemental reed 33 being substantially shorter, less than one-half the-length, than the reed 32, terminates at a point 44 which lies but slightly beyond the contact 39 carried by it and being disposed on the outer side of the main reed 32, and engageable therewith on all outward excursions, such as indicated at 45 of the reed 32, restrains the commutating the current through "t main reed in outward movements, that is, when moving in directions away from the pole tip 2".

However, the presence of the reed 33 at first accelerates the inward movement toward the position 46 of the reed 32 and the inward swing of the reed 32, like the inward swing of the reed 9 is of much greater am litude than the outward swing, as at 29, re erring again to the reed 9.

It is to be noted, however, that the positioning and relationship of the contacts 39-41 is different from that of the contacts 11-21, and the adjustment of the contact screws is previously made so that when there is engagement between the contacts 11 and 21, the contacts 40 and 39 are disengaged and the contrary is also true, namely, that upon engagement of the contacts 39 and 40, there gvlill be disengagement of the contacts 11 and The electrical circuit preferably employed for the embodiment of Fig. 4 is illustrated in Fig. 8, and is also illustrated in my copending application for Letters Patent above referred to, and by reference thereto, it will be noted that current flow through the electromagnet 1 is directl controlled by the contacts 1121, whereas t e contacts 39 and 41 are employed in the circuit merely to control the flow of current through one of two primary windings P2 of a transformer T having a secondary winding S and a second primary Winding P1.

The said second primary winding is connected across the terminals of the electromagnet 1 and therefore both the electromagnet and the primary winding P-1 is. always exposed to the same varying electro-motive force. The two contacts sets may be differentiated in that the contactset 11-21 is both a motor controlling contact set and acurrent commutating contact set for the primary winding P-1, whereas the contact set 39-41 is intended principally for the pur ose of e. nmary winding P2. A pair of conden ers 47 and 48 may be employed connected as shown in the circuit of Fig. 8 to more completely eleminate the tendency toward s arking, which may occur at the two sets oFcontacts where precise adjustments thereof and of the adjustable weighting elements 18 and 18 for the reeds 9 and 32 respectively are not had.

In the electrical system of Fig. 8, the alternating current generator is shown at 23'. The electromagnet coil 1 is that of the apparatus of Fig. 4, as are also the reeds 9, 32, and 33, and the respective contact sets there,- for. The transformer is provided with two like primary windings joined'together at an end of each from which an electrical circuit conductor 49 extends to a pole of the source 23' of alternating current. The otherpole of the source of current leads by a conductor 50 to branching circuit conductors which are electrically connected to the reeds 8, 9 and 33, the carried contacts of which are intermittently engaged, as before described by the fixed contacts 21 and 41, respectively.

When the respective circuits served by these contacts are closed thereby, alternately, as before related, current is alternately directed through-the primary windings P-1 and P-Q in the opposite directions, as indicated by the arrows shown between the primary and secondary windings.

Referring now to Fig. 9, the effect of the operation of the apparatus, as previously described, and the electrical system of Fig. 8 in which such apparatus is graphically shown therein. Fig. 9 is provided with eight representations of alternating current waves, there being shown both impressed and resultant current waves and of these the uppermost wave A will be assumed to be the current wave ordinarily supplied from a enerator. such as that shown at 23 when a xed load is applied to the generator. It also represents the current wave supplied from the gen erator 23' to the electrical system illustrated in Fig. 8.

The current impulses which pass from the generator 23 through the contacts 11-21, to the transformer having the primary winding P, are those shown, in solid lines at a and b at B, Fig. 9, those at a being, we will assume, positive impulses, and those at b being assumed to be negative impulses. It is noted that the positive and negative impulses are alternated with respect to time, which is taken as running from left to right, Fig. 9, and that between each positive and each negative successive impulse, there is omitted a complete cycle comprising two immediately adjacent negative and positive waves.

The effect of periodically omit-ting a cycle of current on the wave form of resultant current is approximately diagrammatically shown at C, the magnetic lag in the transformer'of the system and the inductance of the system itself, prolonging the impulses a somewhat.

Now the commutating contacts 39-41 of Figs. 4 and 8 effect periodic impulses of'current each consisting of the dotted line, omitted cycles of alternating current shown at B. Each of these cycles comprise, as shown at D, a negative impulse b and a positive impulse 11, immediately succeeding it, and between each cycle of impressed current supplied through the contacts 39-41, as shown at D, there is omitted, successively, negative impulses b and positive impulses a at the times as shown by the impulses b and a at B when such impulses are permitted to flow by the contacts 11-21.

The impressed current, shown at D, provided by the contacts 39-41 may be considered as being reversed in polarity, when supplied to the transformer having the secondary winding S, with respect to such secondary winding, since current flow through the contacts 39-41 passes through the primary winding P-2 (see D) in a direction which is exactly opposite to the direction of flow of impulses through the contacts 11-21 (sec B), so that when considering such impressed current in connection with the impressed current through the primary winding P-1, and both in relation to the effect on the secondary winding S, it is easier to consider the impulses gs tiging in the reversed direction, as shown By analogy to the curve shown at C, relative to the impressed current, as shown at B, the wave form of the resulting current through the winding P-2 is probably much like that shown at F, since insufficient time is provided between successive positive impulses and between successive negative impulses for the current to decay to nullity.

Considering now the resultant wave forms C and F and the impressed wave forms B and E, respectively, the impressed wave forms of B and E being combined, provide a wave, as shown at G, wherein three immediately connected positive impulses are immediately succeeded by three immediately connected negative impulses ad intinitum. Also the combination of the resultant wave forms G and F provides a wave which may be more or less like that shown at H, although this showing is exaggerated to accentuate the tri le ripples at the crest of each positive and negative wave.

The wave H is that which is delivered by the secondary winding S, Fig. 8, to the electro-responsive devices such as telephone bells 26', which are serially connected across circuit conductors leading from the said secondary winding, each bell preferably being in series with an associated condenser 27" in accordance with common standard practice.

Having thus described my invention in certain embodiments thereof, I am aware that numerous and extensive departures may be made from the embodiments herein illustrated and described, but without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I claim:

1. A vibratory reed construction comprising a pair of resilient reeds, the free end of one reed overlapping the free 'end of the other reed, and means ada ted to periodically communicate vibratory impulses to the first reed causing it to alternately engage-and disengage said second reed, whereby the amplitude of the first reed is caused to be greater in one direction than in the other, and electric contacts controlled by movement of the said. second reed.

2. A vibratory reed construction comprising a pair of resilient reeds, the free end of tacts controlled by the said second reed an inertia element carried on said first reed and adjustably movable longitudinally thereon to vary the periodicity thereof.

3. A reed mechanism for an electrical system comprising a main reed and asupplemental reed, means for sup orting corresponding ends of the main and supplemental reeds in superposed relation, an electro-magnet mental reed away from the free end of the main reed, the free end of the main reed engaging an intermediate portion of the supplemental reed upon a retractile movement of the sup lemental reed following attraction thereof y said electro-magnet to restrain the movement of the supplemental reed in the retracting direction and an electrical contact;v

element engageable with the main reed independently of the supplemental reed during the forward excursion of the supplemental reed.

4. A reed mechanism for an electrical system comprising amain reed and a supplemental reed, means for supporting corresponding ends of the main and supplemental reeds in superposed relation; an electro-magnet adapted to periodically draw the supplemental reed away from t e free end of the main reed, the free end of the main reed engaging an intermediate portion of the supplemental reed upon a retractile movement of the su lemental reed following attraction thereof y said electro-magnet to restrain the excursion of the supplemental reed in the retracting direction and an electrical contact element engageable with the main reed independently ofthe supplemental reed during the forward excursion of the supplemental reed, said contact restraining the main reed from movement following the forward excursion of the supplemental reed.

5. A reed mechanism for an electrical sys tem comprising a relatively short main vi-' bratory reed, and a relatively long supplees. mental vibratory .reed meains for support" ing corresponding endsof the main and sup plemental reeds in superposed relation, an

alternating current magnet adapted tope riodically draw the-supplemental reed away from the free end oflthe main reed, the free end of the main reed engaging an intermedi ate portion of the supplemental'reed upon a retractile movement of the supplemental reed following attraction thereof by said alternating current magnet to restrain the excursion of the supplemental reed in the retracting direction and electric contacts controliled by vibratory movement of the main ree 6. A reed mechanism comprising a relatively short main reed and a relatively long supplemental reed, means for supporting corresponding ends of the main and sup lemental reeds in superposed relation, an an clectro-magnet adapted to communicate impulses of magnetic force to the supplemental reed and to periodically draw the supplemental reed away from the free end of the main reed whereby the amplitude of vibration of the main reed is rendered greater in one direction than in the other, and electric contacts controlled by vibratory movement of the main reed. adapted to periodically draw the supple .tem comprising a main reed, and a supple- 7. A reed mechanism for an electrical sysmental reed, means for supportin the supplemental reedcupon the main ree an electro-magnetadapted to periodically draw the supplemental reed away from the free end of the. main reed, the free end of the main reed-- engaging 'an intermediate portion of the sup plemental reed upon a retractile movement of the supplemental reed following attraction thereof by said electro-magnet to restrain the excursion of the supplemental reed in the retracting direction and an electrical contact element engageable with a contact point on said main reed during the re tractile excursion of the supplemental reed.

8. A reed. mechanism for an electrical system comprising a main reed, and a supplemental reed, means for supportin the supplemental reed upon the main ree an elec' tro-magnet adapted to periodically draw the supplemental reed away from the free end of the main reed, the free end of the main reed engaging an intermediate portion of the supplemental reed upon a retractile movement of the su plemental reed following attraction thereo by said electro-magnet to restrain the excursion of the supplemental reed in the retractile direction andan electrical contact element engageable with :.all-contact point on said main reed during the, retractile excurscion. of the supplemental reed; contact bein broken upon the forward, excursion there'o 9 5A reed mechanism fogan {electrical sysmentaliree upon ithestmain reed, an electromagnetjadapted to periodi'eallydraw the supplemental reed a'vvay-E froinflthe free end of the mainireeditheQfree'fendQf themain reed engagingan intermediate 'portionof the sup plemental reed upom a retractile movement of the supplemental reed following attraction thereof by said electro-magnet to restrain the excursion of the'supplemental reed in the retractiledirection and an electrical contact element engageable with a contact point on said main reed during the retractile excursion of the supplemental reed, contact being III broken upon the forward excursion thereof, the forward excursion of said supplemental reed being of relatively longer periodicity than said retractile excursion.

10. A vibratory reed mechansm comprising a relatively short main Vibratory reed, and a relatively long supplemental vibratory reed, means for supporting said supplemental reed upon the main reed. an electro-magnct adapted to communicate impulses of magnetic force to the supplemental reed to periodically draw the supplemental reed away from the free end, of the main reed whereby the amplitude of vibration of the main reed is rendered greater in one direction than in the other, and electric cont-acts controlled by vibration of the main reed.

11. A compound reed mechanism, each mechanism comprising amain reed and a supplemental reed, means for supporting the main and supplemental reeds in superposed relation. an electro-magnet adapted to period ically draw each supplemental reed away from the free end of each main reed, the free end of each main reed engaging an intermediate portion of its supplemental reed upon a retractile movement of said supplemental reed following the attraction thereof by said electro-magnet and electric contacts controlled by movement of the main reed.

12. A double reed mechanism, each mechanism comprising a relatively short main reed and a relatively long supplemental reed, means for supporting corresponding ends of the main and supplemental reeds in superposed relation. an electro-magnet adapted to periodically draw each supplemental reed away from the free end of each main reed, the free end of each main reed engaging an intermediate portion of its supplemental reed upon a retractile movement of its supplemental reed following the attraction thereof by said electro-magnet, the forward movement. ofeach of said supplemental reeds thereby caused to be of relatively longer periodicity than said retractile excursion and electric congacts controlled by movement of the main ree 13. A double reed mechanism, each mechanism comprising a main reed and a supplemental reed, means for supporting the main and supplemental reeds in superposed relation, each main reed overlapping and reenforcing its supplemental reed, an electromagnet adapted to periodicallyvdraw each supplemental reed away from the free end of its main reed, the freeend of each main reed engaging an intermediate portion of its supplemental reed upon a retractile'movement of its supplemental reed following the attraction thereof by said electro-magnet, said reenforcing main reed effecting a resistance to retractive movements of said supplemental reed in the absence of magnetic impulses, the

forward excursion of each of said main reeds thereby caused to be of relatively longer periodicity than said retractive excursion and electric contacts controlled by movement of the main reed.

14. A double reed mechanism, each mechanism comprising a relatively short main reed and a relatively long supplemental reed, means for supporting corresponding ends of the main and supplemental reeds in superposed relation, an clectro-magnet adapted to periodically draw each supplemental reed away from the free end of each main reed, the free end of each main reed engaged by intermediate portion of its supplemental reed upon a retractile movement of its supplemental reed following the attraction thereof by said electro-magnet, the forward movement of each of said supplemental reeds thereby caused to be of relatively longer periodicity than said retractile movement, an inertia element carried on each of said supplemental reeds and adjustably movable longitudinally thereon to vary the periodicity thereof and electric contacts controlled by movement of the main reed.

16. A compound reed mechanism, each mechanism comprising a main reed and a. supplemental reed, means for supporting the main and supplemental reeds in superposed relation, an electro-magnet adapted to peri odica-lly draw each supplemental reed away from the free end of each main reed, the free end of each main reed engaging an intermediate portion of its supplemental reed upon a retractile movement of said supplemental reed following the attraction thereof by said electro-magnet, and an electrical contact element engageable with a contact point on each of said main reeds during the forward movement of one of the supplemental reeds and the retractile movement of the other supplementalreed.

16. A compound reed mechanism, each mechanism comprising a main reed and a supplemental reed, means for supporting the main and supplemental reeds in superposed relation, an electro-magnet adapted to periodically draw each supplemental reed away from the free end of each main reed, the free end of each main reed engaging an intermediate portion of its supplemental reed upon a retractile movement of said supplemental reed following the attraction thereof by said electro-magnet, and an inertia element carried on each of said supplemental reeds and adjustably movable longitudinally thereon to vary the periodicity thereof, and an electrical contact element engageable with a contact point on each of said main reeds during the forward movement of one of the supplemental reeds and the retractile movement of the other supplemental reed.

WILLIAM C. ROE.

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