US1918372A - Gesellsctra - Google Patents

Description

Patented July 1 1 UNITED STATES:

,"PATENT OFFICE Eemmcrr nausea, or cnmmrrz, enmmalassreuoa 'ro' H. TH. Bonus AK'IIEN- ensnnnscmtc, or cnm'rrz, Gunman-Y, A CORPORATION or GERMANY EMULSION rnmrmnm's AND seems THEREFOR I No Drawing. Application filed June 20, 1929; Serial 30. 372,550, and in Germany June 20, 1928.

Oils, fats and similar substances insoluble in water can be brought into the form of aque ous emulsions by the agency of soap solutions 'or Turkey red oils or by mixing said sub- =stances with superficially active aromatic sul- 10 sensitive electrolytically for instance in the pho-acids, such as propyl-naphthaline sulphonic acid. The stability exhibited by the emulsions so produced, is however, quite small; either they are comparatively highly and ground albuminous substances and the.

like have been mixed with the ground sodium salt of an aromatic sulpho-acid, such and similar mixtures being placed on the market as emulsifying agents. These emulsifying agents have, however. the one defect that they introduce an aromatic sulpho-acid into the system, a component which is often undesirable, particularly in applications involving the emulsification of oil for textile purposes.

According to the present invention the esters of the sulpho-fatty acids formed by the sulphonation of oils -or their acids are employed as emulsifying agents for which purpose they have proved extremely suited. Such agents are useful in the preparation of emulsions of treatment substances for textile, leather and similar materials, metals and the like.

The esters in question are those of sulphofatty acids which are formed by the addition of a molecule of sulphuric acid to the hydroxyl group of hydroxy-fatty acids or to the double linkage of unsaturated fatty acids. Depending upon the circumstances the esterification may take place in the sulphogroup or in the'carboxyl group or at the same time both in the sulpho-group and in the carboxyl group.

Thus Ricinoleic acid CH(CH OOOH;

gives on sulphonation sulpho-ricinoleic acid,

GH (CH CHSO H CH CH= estertification in the sulpho-group yields ricinoleic acid sulphuric monoester, 3 (CH2) 5CHSO R OH CH= and esterification in both the sulphoand carboxyl-groups yields ricinoleic acid sulphuric diester, CH3

' CH(CH2)1COOR.

Three methods have proved feasible for the practical manufacture of these esters (1) Sulpho-fatty acids produced according to known methods may be esterified with the desired alcohols;

(2) The alkyl sulphuric acid may be first prepared from concentrated sulphuric acid and the alcohol and the fatty acid introduced into the same underappropriate conditions;

(3) It has proved particularly simple and economical to carry out the addition of the sulphuric acid and the esterification in one operation. 7 In this case the fatty acid is dissolved in the alcohol employed and the sul a j phuric acid then introduced;

The corresponding esters of'the sulphoacids with aliphatic or aromatic alcohol or phenol radicles of high molecular weight are,

in part, more ditlicultly soluble, but,'for ex ample in mixture with agents facilitating solution, they are also good emulsifiers which,

mixed with protective colloids such as albuminous substances, glues, decomposition products of such alkylated celluloses or other polysaccharides, constitutepreparations capable of converting water-insoluble substances into perfectly hue and permanent dispersions. g

Thus, for example, if parts of a sulpho-' fatty acid ester are mixed with 140 parts of glue-jelly, 1000 parts of mineral oil and 200 sulpho-fatty acid esterified in at least one of its groups and admixed with a protective colloid,

I 3, 'I he method of preparing an emulsion of a liquid suitable-for the treatment-of tex-- tiles, leather, and similar materials, which comprises emulsifying the liquid with a mixture of an organic protective colloid substance and an ester of a sulpho-fatty acid.

4. A wetting agent for the textile and allied industries comprising a sulpho-fatty,

acid esterified in the sulpho-group, and an organic protective colloid substance.

5. A wetting agent for the textile and allied industries comprising a sulpho-fatty acid esterified in the sulpho and carboxyl groups, and an organic protective colloid substance.

6. A wetting agent for the textile and allied industries comprising a sulpho-fatty acid ester in admixture with agents facilitating solution in which the esterifying radical is of high molecular weight, and an organic protective colloid substance.

HEINRICH BERTSCH.

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