US1918149A - Sound transmitting and sound absorbing construction - Google Patents

Sound transmitting and sound absorbing construction Download PDF

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US1918149A
US1918149A US535981A US53598131A US1918149A US 1918149 A US1918149 A US 1918149A US 535981 A US535981 A US 535981A US 53598131 A US53598131 A US 53598131A US 1918149 A US1918149 A US 1918149A
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sound
areas
struck
membrane
openings
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US535981A
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Jerome J Sullivan
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CF Burgess Laboratories Inc
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CF Burgess Laboratories Inc
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/848—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/848—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
    • E04B2001/849—Groove or slot type openings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24281—Struck out portion type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in sound transmiting, gas-pressure wave transmitting and sound deadening constructions. lit contemplates the use of an improved foraminous or perforated metal sheet or other suitable, thin material for transmitting sound or for facing sound-absorbing materials, es pecially such as are used in building construction. This invention is a further development of the perforated sheet facing for sound-absorbing materials described and claimed in the Norris Patent No. 1,726,500,
  • @ne object of this invention is to secure an increased light reflecting surface over that possible with ordinary perforated metal or other perforated membranes.
  • a thin, perforated sheet of metal is preferred, the holes being made by the ordinary perforating processes.
  • Such perforated sheet metal even With a small proportion of the area perforated, does not cut down the soundabsorbing efficiency of the sound-absorbing backing. On the contrary, measurements indicate a slight increase in eflieiency.
  • a perforated sheet of this type however, has the disadvantage that the light reflection usually is cut down in proportion to the perforated area. This is a factor, since good illumination is often important where acoustical correction is necessary.
  • my improved sound transmitting facing a membrane may be perforated and may have open-- ings made in it in such manner that little or none of the material is removed or rendered ineffective for'light reflecting purposes. In general this-is effected by forming openings in the side walls of struck-up areas of the membrane.
  • Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive show membranes with certain portions or areas struck up in different forms, the projecting portions haw ing lateral openings;
  • Fig. 8 shows one type of my improved membrane in conjunction with a sound-absorbing material
  • Fig. 9 is a modification thereof.
  • struck-up areas or portions 10 are made by stamping or drawing the membrane 11 as shown, and severing and separating it along two parallel edges 12, 12, thereby forming a lateral opening at each side of each projecting portion.
  • This type of structure in which the struck-up areas are shallow, does not require the removal of any metal and provides two openings in each struck-up area.
  • the portions of the struck-up areas which are not open constitute, in effect, strips of metal which slope downwardly toward and merge at both ends with the face of the sheet or they may have an angular or rectangular formation 13, as shown in Fig. 2.
  • areas 16 are struck up with vertical or substantially vertical side walls. These areas may be circular as shown, or they may be square, triangular or any suitable shape, depending upon the decorative effect desired.
  • the side walls of such areas may be perforated to form lateral openings 17 as shown.
  • Fig. 5 a modification of Fig. 1 is shown.
  • the areas 18 and 19 may be struck up in alternate directions and lateral openings formed, as in Fig. 1.
  • channels or corrugations 20 areformed in the membrane, the side walls of these channels having perforations 21 as shown.
  • the lateral opening is obtained by forming long narrow struck-up areas to thereby form long narrow lateral slits 22.
  • a louvre-like structure may be used instead of the structure of Fig. 3, which is especially desirable for facing sound absorbing materials in side walls.
  • the struck-up areas project outwardly and downwardly to prevent water, dust, and other undesirable materails from entering readily and affecting the absorber.
  • the lateral slits 22 may be re- IOI placed by small perforations or other openings.
  • the struck-up, areas may be adjacent the sound-absorbing material as shown in Fig. 8 or they may be on the side of the membrane' opposite to that of the sound-absorbling material.
  • the construction of Fig. 8 is usually preferred, the sound absorbing material 23 thereby being spaced from the membrane 11 by the struck up areas, such for example as the strips 10 in Fig. 1, with openings 12.
  • the membrance may constitute the support-for the sound abs0rbing material, although the latter may be independently supported, as pointed out in said Norris patent previously identified.
  • the membrane where made of sheet metal or other ductible material, may be made quite thin and may be supported by said sounfd absorbing material instead of constituting the support therefor.
  • the sound absorbing material may be in the form of.a pad of the structure of insulating building boards and similar material and the sheet metal or other facingof varying degrees of thinness may be secured thereto "either by cementing or by mechanical fastening devices of various forms.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates an arrangement whereby the sheet metal may be in the form of metal foil, as disclosed in the pending application of Charles F. Burgess, Serial No. 503,543, filed December 19, 1930.
  • the sound absorbing pad 24 may be of any suitable material. such as disclosed in said Burgess application for example, and may be faced with metal foil 25 having certain areas pressed into said pad 24, said foil being glued to the surface of the pad or interlocked with the fibers of the pad to a greater or less extent, by the operation of forming the struck-. up portions or projections.
  • the form of projection 26, shown in Fix 9 is similar to that shown in Fig. 3, with corresponding openings 27 which, however, may face in different directions. In pressing the metal into the pad the fibers catch the severed edge of the projection to some extent, thereby locking the metal to the pad so that under some conditions the; glue or other adhesive need not be used.
  • the struck-up portions may have any suit able configuration such as will not result in tearing the metal and Where the projecting portions do not face all in the same direction but in different directions the 'mechanical interlocking is more secure.
  • the membrane'of this invention may also be used for sound transmitting purposes as for sound-pictures where the entire surface of the sound-transmitting screen must be available for light reflection. It may also be used as a facing for absorbers for other types of gas-pressure waves than soundwaves, for example for absorbing materials used in mufiiers for the exhaust gases of in ternal combustion engines, intakes of air compressors, and so forth.
  • The. membrane of this invention may be formed into tiles as described in said Norris patent and used in a similar manner. It has the further advantage over the plain perforated metal, when mounted in the preferred manner shown in Fig. 8, that the sound absorbing material is not adjacent the holes and will not be affected by paint applied to the membrane or by water and cleaning compounds used during cleanin operations. The ap earance of the tile a so is not affected y the visibility of the absorber through the perforations and discoloration due to uneven air infiltration or circulation is greatly reduced if not eliminated.
  • the number of lateral holes in the membrane is governed by several factors such as proper transmission of sound, appearance, light reflection, and the, mechanical limitations of the membrane. It is desirable to have the holes as small as possible but not small enough so that they will be clogged readily by paint or similar surface finishing material improperly applied. It is usually desirable to have the openings cover 0.4% or more of the effective area of the membrane. In general the principles set forth in the Norris patent govern the improved construction of this invention so far as number and size of openings is concerned, these being further limited by the type of opening employed.
  • the struck-up areas preferably should not be deep since the light reflection decreases with the depth of the struck-up area. In general it is desirable to have the struck-up areas less than one-eighth inch deep and preferably less than one-sixteenth inch, this being also one dimensionof the opening.
  • the closely adj acent struck-up areas were formed in sheet metal of about 26 gauge.
  • the areas were about l/et long and 1/16 wide.
  • the rows were 1/ apart and the struck-up areas in each row 1/4! apart.
  • the metal was struck-up sufliciently so that the lateral openings were shaped like the segment of a circle.
  • the openings were about 5/32" long and 1/32 wide at their greatest width.
  • the struck-up areas previously'described may be made to simulate hammered finishes.
  • a facing comprising a thin stifl' membrane having shallow struck-up areas with openings in the side walls thereof, such areas having at least a portion of their edge portions severed and separated from the balv ance of the membrane to thereby form lateral openings therebetwe'en.
  • a thing membrane having shallow struck-up areas with openings in the side walls thereof, such areas having at least a portion of their edges severed and separated from the balance of the membrane to thereby form lateral openings therebetween, said sound-absorbing material being on the side of the membrane having said struck-up areas.
  • an adjacent thin stifi membrane having shallow struck-up areas with openings in the side walls thereof, such areas having at least a portion of their edges severed and separated from the balance of the membrane to thereby form lateral openings therebetween, said sound-absorbing material, being on the side of the membrane opposite to that of said struck-up areas.
  • each slit having one edge offset substantially perpendicularly to the plane of said sheet material forming a sound passage at an angle to said plane.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Description

y 1933. J. J. SULLIVAN 1,918,149
SOUND TRANSMITTING AND SOUND ABSORBING CONSTRUCTION Filed May 1951 Patented July 11, 1933 PATEN OFFICE JEROME J. SULLIVAN, OF MADISON, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO F. BURGESS LABORA- TORIES, INC., 01? MADISON, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE SOUND TRANSMITTING AND SOUND ABSORBING CONSTRUCTION Application filed May 8, 1931.
This invention relates to improvements in sound transmiting, gas-pressure wave transmitting and sound deadening constructions. lit contemplates the use of an improved foraminous or perforated metal sheet or other suitable, thin material for transmitting sound or for facing sound-absorbing materials, es pecially such as are used in building construction. This invention is a further development of the perforated sheet facing for sound-absorbing materials described and claimed in the Norris Patent No. 1,726,500,
7 issued August 27, 1929.
@ne object of this invention is to secure an increased light reflecting surface over that possible with ordinary perforated metal or other perforated membranes.
In the structure of 'said Norris patent, a thin, perforated sheet of metal is preferred, the holes being made by the ordinary perforating processes. Such perforated sheet metal, even With a small proportion of the area perforated, does not cut down the soundabsorbing efficiency of the sound-absorbing backing. On the contrary, measurements indicate a slight increase in eflieiency. A perforated sheet of this type, however, has the disadvantage that the light reflection usually is cut down in proportion to the perforated area. This is a factor, since good illumination is often important where acoustical correction is necessary. lln my improved sound transmitting facing a membrane may be perforated and may have open-- ings made in it in such manner that little or none of the material is removed or rendered ineffective for'light reflecting purposes. In general this-is effected by forming openings in the side walls of struck-up areas of the membrane.
The specification is to be read in conjunction with the appended drawing in which:
Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive show membranes with certain portions or areas struck up in different forms, the projecting portions haw ing lateral openings;
Fig. 8 shows one type of my improved membrane in conjunction with a sound-absorbing material;
Fig. 9 is a modification thereof.
Serial No. 535,981.
In Fig. 1, struck-up areas or portions 10 are made by stamping or drawing the membrane 11 as shown, and severing and separating it along two parallel edges 12, 12, thereby forming a lateral opening at each side of each projecting portion. This type of structure in which the struck-up areas are shallow, does not require the removal of any metal and provides two openings in each struck-up area. The portions of the struck-up areas which are not open constitute, in effect, strips of metal which slope downwardly toward and merge at both ends with the face of the sheet or they may have an angular or rectangular formation 13, as shown in Fig. 2.
1n Fi g. 3, areas 14 are struck up as in Fig. 1; however each of such areas has only one lateral opening 15. This is made by the severing and separating of one edge of the struck up area from the balance of the membrane. The projecting portion slopes downwardly toward and merges with the sheet.
In Fig. 4, areas 16 are struck up with vertical or substantially vertical side walls. These areas may be circular as shown, or they may be square, triangular or any suitable shape, depending upon the decorative effect desired. The side walls of such areas may be perforated to form lateral openings 17 as shown.
in Fig. 5, a modification of Fig. 1 is shown. The areas 18 and 19 may be struck up in alternate directions and lateral openings formed, as in Fig. 1.
In Fig.6, channels or corrugations 20 areformed in the membrane, the side walls of these channels having perforations 21 as shown.
In the construction of Fig. 7, the lateral opening is obtained by forming long narrow struck-up areas to thereby form long narrow lateral slits 22. Such a louvre-like structure may be used instead of the structure of Fig. 3, which is especially desirable for facing sound absorbing materials in side walls. When used in side walls the struck-up areas project outwardly and downwardly to prevent water, dust, and other undesirable materails from entering readily and affecting the absorber. The lateral slits 22 may be re- IOI placed by small perforations or other openings.
If the previously described membranes are used for facing sound-absorbing materials, the struck-up, areas may be adjacent the sound-absorbing material as shown in Fig. 8 or they may be on the side of the membrane' opposite to that of the sound-absorbling material. The construction of Fig. 8 is usually preferred, the sound absorbing material 23 thereby being spaced from the membrane 11 by the struck up areas, such for example as the strips 10 in Fig. 1, with openings 12.
Where the membrane is stiff enough and the sound absorbing material is soft and incapable of being supported at spaced intervals without sagging, the membrance may constitute the support-for the sound abs0rbing material, although the latter may be independently supported, as pointed out in said Norris patent previously identified. On the other hand, \where saidsound absorbing material has enough cohesion to be fairly stifi', the membrane, where made of sheet metal or other ductible material, may be made quite thin and may be supported by said sounfd absorbing material instead of constituting the support therefor.
In the form shown in Fig. 8, for example, the sound absorbing material may be in the form of.a pad of the structure of insulating building boards and similar material and the sheet metal or other facingof varying degrees of thinness may be secured thereto "either by cementing or by mechanical fastening devices of various forms.
Fig. 9 illustrates an arrangement whereby the sheet metal may be in the form of metal foil, as disclosed in the pending application of Charles F. Burgess, Serial No. 503,543, filed December 19, 1930. In said Fig. 9 the sound absorbing pad 24 may be of any suitable material. such as disclosed in said Burgess application for example, and may be faced with metal foil 25 having certain areas pressed into said pad 24, said foil being glued to the surface of the pad or interlocked with the fibers of the pad to a greater or less extent, by the operation of forming the struck-. up portions or projections. The form of projection 26, shown in Fix 9, is similar to that shown in Fig. 3, with corresponding openings 27 which, however, may face in different directions. In pressing the metal into the pad the fibers catch the severed edge of the projection to some extent, thereby locking the metal to the pad so that under some conditions the; glue or other adhesive need not be used.
The struck-up portions may have any suit able configuration such as will not result in tearing the metal and Where the projecting portions do not face all in the same direction but in different directions the 'mechanical interlocking is more secure.
The membrane'of this invention may also be used for sound transmitting purposes as for sound-pictures where the entire surface of the sound-transmitting screen must be available for light reflection. It may also be used as a facing for absorbers for other types of gas-pressure waves than soundwaves, for example for absorbing materials used in mufiiers for the exhaust gases of in ternal combustion engines, intakes of air compressors, and so forth.
The. membrane of this invention may be formed into tiles as described in said Norris patent and used in a similar manner. It has the further advantage over the plain perforated metal, when mounted in the preferred manner shown in Fig. 8, that the sound absorbing material is not adjacent the holes and will not be affected by paint applied to the membrane or by water and cleaning compounds used during cleanin operations. The ap earance of the tile a so is not affected y the visibility of the absorber through the perforations and discoloration due to uneven air infiltration or circulation is greatly reduced if not eliminated.
The number of lateral holes in the membrane is governed by several factors such as proper transmission of sound, appearance, light reflection, and the, mechanical limitations of the membrane. It is desirable to have the holes as small as possible but not small enough so that they will be clogged readily by paint or similar surface finishing material improperly applied. It is usually desirable to have the openings cover 0.4% or more of the effective area of the membrane. In general the principles set forth in the Norris patent govern the improved construction of this invention so far as number and size of openings is concerned, these being further limited by the type of opening employed. The struck-up areas preferably should not be deep since the light reflection decreases with the depth of the struck-up area. In general it is desirable to have the struck-up areas less than one-eighth inch deep and preferably less than one-sixteenth inch, this being also one dimensionof the opening.
In a particular construction of the shown in Fig. 1 the closely adj acent struck-up areas were formed in sheet metal of about 26 gauge. The areas were about l/et long and 1/16 wide. The rows were 1/ apart and the struck-up areas in each row 1/4! apart. The metal was struck-up sufliciently so that the lateral openings were shaped like the segment of a circle. The openings were about 5/32" long and 1/32 wide at their greatest width.
The struck-up areas previously'described may be made to simulate hammered finishes.
aeiaiee adjacent shallow struck-up small areas with openings in the side walls thereof.
3. In combination with a sound-absorbing material, a facing comprising a thin stifl' membrane having shallow struck-up areas with openings in the side walls thereof, such areas having at least a portion of their edge portions severed and separated from the balv ance of the membrane to thereby form lateral openings therebetwe'en.
4. In combination with a sound-absorbing material, a thing membrane having shallow struck-up areas with openings in the side walls thereof, such areas having at least a portion of their edges severed and separated from the balance of the membrane to thereby form lateral openings therebetween, said sound-absorbing material being on the side of the membrane having said struck-up areas.
5. In combination with a sound-absorbing material, a metallic sheet having a multiplicity of shallow struck-up small areas with openings in the side walls thereof, said sound-absorbing material being spaced from the balance of said sheet by said struck-up areas, the light reflecting area of the front of said sheet being substantially equal to that of said sheet before the formation of said struck-up areas.
6. In combination with a sound-absorbing material, an adjacent thin stifi membrane having shallow struck-up areas with openings in the side walls thereof, such areas having at least a portion of their edges severed and separated from the balance of the membrane to thereby form lateral openings therebetween, said sound-absorbing material, being on the side of the membrane opposite to that of said struck-up areas.
7 The combination with a pad of soundabsorbing material, of afacing therefor of thin ductile metal having slits therein with the metal adjacent one side of said slits pressed above the surrounding surface forming projections and leaving an opening in a plane substantially at right angles to the plane of said metal.
8. The combination with a pad of soundabsorbing material, of a facing therefor of thin ductile metal having portions pressed out of the plane of the adjacent metal, with openings in said projections in planes substantially at right angles to said first mentioned plane, said facing and said pad adhering to each other.
9. The combination with a pad of soundabsorbing material, of a facing therefor comprising sheet material having slits therein,
each slit having one edge offset substantially perpendicularly to the plane of said sheet material forming a sound passage at an angle to said plane.
In testimony whereof, I have subscribed my name.
JEROME J SULLIVAN.
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Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2768919A (en) * 1953-08-10 1956-10-30 Bjorksten Res Lab Inc Armor material
US2923372A (en) * 1952-04-22 1960-02-02 Maccaferri Mario Acoustic tile
US2931214A (en) * 1952-04-22 1960-04-05 Maccaferri Mario Acoustical tile
US3269484A (en) * 1963-09-24 1966-08-30 Lighter Stephen Acoustic absorbing structure
US3286787A (en) * 1963-08-26 1966-11-22 Garrett Corp Turbine exhaust silencer
US3286786A (en) * 1964-12-23 1966-11-22 Garrett Corp Gas turbine exhaust silencer and acoustical material therefor
DE1243853B (en) * 1955-05-18 1967-07-06 Svenska Taendsticks Aktiebolag Sound-absorbing board made of wood fiber mass with a glued, thin cover layer of paper and with pressed-in recesses
US3590946A (en) * 1969-12-03 1971-07-06 Mini Fold Scooter Co Inc Exhaust system
US3861493A (en) * 1972-03-07 1975-01-21 Robertson Co H H Acoustically absorbent sheet metal structural building units
FR2284006A1 (en) * 1974-09-05 1976-04-02 Fuetoeber Epueletgep Termekek Soundproof and heat proof screen panel - has insulation on plate with projections whose edges form openings
US4035535A (en) * 1975-02-14 1977-07-12 Rolls-Royce (1971) Limited Sound attenuating structure
WO1991019287A1 (en) * 1990-06-08 1991-12-12 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Acoustic absorber
US5858509A (en) * 1996-11-15 1999-01-12 Digital Equipment Corporation Attenuating vibrations in a mounting shelf for multiple disk drives
US5926366A (en) * 1996-11-15 1999-07-20 Digital Equipment Corporation Tab and slot disk drive vibration reduction structure
US6132842A (en) * 1994-04-01 2000-10-17 Ranpak Corp. Cushioning product
US6398520B2 (en) * 1999-01-14 2002-06-04 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Discharge muffler of a hermetic rotary compressor
DE4319072C2 (en) * 1993-06-08 2002-10-02 Fielitz Eberhard L Ceilings or wall cladding system
US6557929B2 (en) 2001-08-10 2003-05-06 Lear Corporation Impact absorbing assembly for automobile interior systems
US6733064B2 (en) 2001-08-10 2004-05-11 Lear Corporation Impact absorbing assembly for vehicle interior systems and seat backs
US6779835B2 (en) 2001-12-06 2004-08-24 Lear Corporation Energy absorbing structure for automobile interior
US20050186392A1 (en) * 2000-03-20 2005-08-25 Marc Fontaine Flexible sheet materials for tensioned structures, a method of making such materials, and tensioned false ceilings comprising such materials
US20050229530A1 (en) * 2002-05-16 2005-10-20 Hella-Behr Fahrzeugsysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg Lightweight component for bearing elements of motor vehicles
US20060289229A1 (en) * 2003-09-05 2006-12-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Sound absorbing structure body and producing method thereof
US20070017739A1 (en) * 2003-10-30 2007-01-25 Ichiro Yamagiwa Sound absorbing structure
US20100077754A1 (en) * 2008-10-01 2010-04-01 General Electric Company Sound attenuation systems and methods
US8563114B2 (en) * 2009-12-11 2013-10-22 Astenjohnson, Inc. Industrial fabric comprised of selectively slit and embossed film
US20150167215A1 (en) * 2012-06-07 2015-06-18 Astenjohnson, Inc. Compression resistant, selectively slit and embossed films and industrial textiles made thereof
JP2018514678A (en) * 2015-03-10 2018-06-07 ミドル・リバー・エアクラフト・システムズ Acoustic liner for use in turbine engines
US10633856B2 (en) * 2013-07-01 2020-04-28 Saint-Gobain Placo Sas Dry construction system for making partition walls, suspended ceilings or the like, carrier profile therefor, and use of this dry construction system
AU2019253891B2 (en) * 2018-10-31 2020-09-10 Hung-Ming Hsu Sound absorbing board
USD897984S1 (en) * 2018-12-17 2020-10-06 Foster Electric Company, Limited Headphone
US20210170646A1 (en) * 2018-01-18 2021-06-10 Psa Automobiles Sa Hybrid part made of composite material comprising at least one metal insert and method for manufacturing such a part
WO2022217867A1 (en) * 2021-04-13 2022-10-20 无锡小天鹅电器有限公司 Rear cover apparatus and clothing treatment device
USD1015524S1 (en) * 2021-04-21 2024-02-20 Jiabing Tang Air vent plate for car window

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US2923372A (en) * 1952-04-22 1960-02-02 Maccaferri Mario Acoustic tile
US2931214A (en) * 1952-04-22 1960-04-05 Maccaferri Mario Acoustical tile
US2768919A (en) * 1953-08-10 1956-10-30 Bjorksten Res Lab Inc Armor material
DE1243853B (en) * 1955-05-18 1967-07-06 Svenska Taendsticks Aktiebolag Sound-absorbing board made of wood fiber mass with a glued, thin cover layer of paper and with pressed-in recesses
US3286787A (en) * 1963-08-26 1966-11-22 Garrett Corp Turbine exhaust silencer
US3269484A (en) * 1963-09-24 1966-08-30 Lighter Stephen Acoustic absorbing structure
US3286786A (en) * 1964-12-23 1966-11-22 Garrett Corp Gas turbine exhaust silencer and acoustical material therefor
US3590946A (en) * 1969-12-03 1971-07-06 Mini Fold Scooter Co Inc Exhaust system
US3861493A (en) * 1972-03-07 1975-01-21 Robertson Co H H Acoustically absorbent sheet metal structural building units
FR2284006A1 (en) * 1974-09-05 1976-04-02 Fuetoeber Epueletgep Termekek Soundproof and heat proof screen panel - has insulation on plate with projections whose edges form openings
US4035535A (en) * 1975-02-14 1977-07-12 Rolls-Royce (1971) Limited Sound attenuating structure
WO1991019287A1 (en) * 1990-06-08 1991-12-12 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Acoustic absorber
DE4319072C2 (en) * 1993-06-08 2002-10-02 Fielitz Eberhard L Ceilings or wall cladding system
US6132842A (en) * 1994-04-01 2000-10-17 Ranpak Corp. Cushioning product
US5858509A (en) * 1996-11-15 1999-01-12 Digital Equipment Corporation Attenuating vibrations in a mounting shelf for multiple disk drives
US5926366A (en) * 1996-11-15 1999-07-20 Digital Equipment Corporation Tab and slot disk drive vibration reduction structure
US6398520B2 (en) * 1999-01-14 2002-06-04 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Discharge muffler of a hermetic rotary compressor
US8906486B2 (en) 2000-03-20 2014-12-09 Newmat Sa Flexible sheet materials for tensioned structures, a method of making such materials, and tensioned false ceilings comprising such materials
US20050186392A1 (en) * 2000-03-20 2005-08-25 Marc Fontaine Flexible sheet materials for tensioned structures, a method of making such materials, and tensioned false ceilings comprising such materials
US20050188633A1 (en) * 2000-03-20 2005-09-01 Marc Fontaine Flexible sheet materials for tensioned structures, a method of making such materials, and tensioned false ceilings comprising such materials
US7467498B2 (en) * 2000-03-20 2008-12-23 Newmat, Sa Flexible sheet materials for tensioned structures, a method of making such materials, and tensioned false ceilings comprising such materials
US20090297767A1 (en) * 2000-03-20 2009-12-03 Marc Fontaine Flexible sheet materials for tensioned structures, a method of making such materials, and tensioned false ceilings comprising such materials
US6733064B2 (en) 2001-08-10 2004-05-11 Lear Corporation Impact absorbing assembly for vehicle interior systems and seat backs
US6557929B2 (en) 2001-08-10 2003-05-06 Lear Corporation Impact absorbing assembly for automobile interior systems
US6779835B2 (en) 2001-12-06 2004-08-24 Lear Corporation Energy absorbing structure for automobile interior
US20050229530A1 (en) * 2002-05-16 2005-10-20 Hella-Behr Fahrzeugsysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg Lightweight component for bearing elements of motor vehicles
US20060289229A1 (en) * 2003-09-05 2006-12-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Sound absorbing structure body and producing method thereof
US20070017739A1 (en) * 2003-10-30 2007-01-25 Ichiro Yamagiwa Sound absorbing structure
US8459407B2 (en) * 2008-10-01 2013-06-11 General Electric Company Sound attenuation systems and methods
CN101713335A (en) * 2008-10-01 2010-05-26 通用电气公司 Sound attenuation system and method
JP2010084768A (en) * 2008-10-01 2010-04-15 General Electric Co <Ge> Sound attenuation system and method
CN101713335B (en) * 2008-10-01 2014-11-19 通用电气公司 Sound attenuation system and turbine engine system comprising sound attenuation system
US20100077754A1 (en) * 2008-10-01 2010-04-01 General Electric Company Sound attenuation systems and methods
US8563114B2 (en) * 2009-12-11 2013-10-22 Astenjohnson, Inc. Industrial fabric comprised of selectively slit and embossed film
US20150167215A1 (en) * 2012-06-07 2015-06-18 Astenjohnson, Inc. Compression resistant, selectively slit and embossed films and industrial textiles made thereof
US9816215B2 (en) * 2012-06-07 2017-11-14 Astenjohnson, Inc. Compression resistant, selectively slit and embossed films and industrial textiles made thereof
US10633856B2 (en) * 2013-07-01 2020-04-28 Saint-Gobain Placo Sas Dry construction system for making partition walls, suspended ceilings or the like, carrier profile therefor, and use of this dry construction system
JP2018514678A (en) * 2015-03-10 2018-06-07 ミドル・リバー・エアクラフト・システムズ Acoustic liner for use in turbine engines
US10961913B2 (en) 2015-03-10 2021-03-30 Mra Systems, Llc Acoustic liners for use in a turbine engine
US20210170646A1 (en) * 2018-01-18 2021-06-10 Psa Automobiles Sa Hybrid part made of composite material comprising at least one metal insert and method for manufacturing such a part
AU2019253891B2 (en) * 2018-10-31 2020-09-10 Hung-Ming Hsu Sound absorbing board
US11339545B2 (en) * 2018-10-31 2022-05-24 Hung-Ming Hsu Sound absorbing board
USD897984S1 (en) * 2018-12-17 2020-10-06 Foster Electric Company, Limited Headphone
WO2022217867A1 (en) * 2021-04-13 2022-10-20 无锡小天鹅电器有限公司 Rear cover apparatus and clothing treatment device
USD1015524S1 (en) * 2021-04-21 2024-02-20 Jiabing Tang Air vent plate for car window

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