US1914523A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

S. MORGAN June 20, 1933.

GAS BURNER Filed Dec. 22, 1950 INVENTOR QW/NQ MORGAN ATTdRNEYS Patented June 20, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SWINE! MORGAN, OI 8'1. CLAIR COUNTY, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOB TO EUREKA STEEL RANGE 00., OF 8'1. CLAIR COUNTY, ILLINOIS A. CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS GAS BURNER,

Appllcation filed December 22, 1930. Serial No. 508,951.

This invention relates to improvements in gas burners and more particularly to gas burners of the types adapted for domestic cooking and heating purposes.

Until recently practically all of the gas burners employ in connection with domestic and other heating appliances have been designed to be supplied with either manufactured or natural gas, or mixtures thereof. However, since the advent of gas sold commercially in portable containers, in highly compressed, sometimes in liquid form, there has been created a demand for gas burners of different construction than the types of burners adapted only for connection with gas supply mains. For example, the older types of burners do not operate efliciently when supplied with the heavier hydrocarbon gaseous fuels constitutin or entering into the composition of the hig test gases such as are now dispensed commercially in containers. The desirability of burners of a differeiit construction, for operation with high test gases will be appreciated when it is considered that manufactured gas from the usual sources possesses a heat value rarely in excess of six hundred B. t. u. per cubic foot, while the so called bottle gases or high test gases possess a heat value approximating twenty-five hundred B. t. u. per cubic foot.

By Way of a general, although not a uni versal distinction, it may be noted that most I of the high test gases referred to are heavier than air, whereas illuminating gases heretofore usually supplied for domestic uses are lighter than air.

An object of this invention therefore is to construct a gas burner which provides mixing facilities for a heavier-thanair gaseous fuel; the burner construction being such that it is enabled to operate satisfactoril and economically not only with heavier or h test fuels, but also on natural gas and artificial gas of the usual composition.

An additional object of the invention is so to construct a gas burner that it ma be employed in connection with gas stoves or cooking and other ur as now manufactured, without necessitating any extensive structural changes in the assemblies heretofore manufactured, apart from the burners.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a gas burner including a reservoir or mixing space within the burner which exceeds substantially in size the space provided below the burner ports in prevailing types of gas burners,'and such that the gas and air wlllobe more completely mixed before issuing throughthe burner ports and also of such a size and proportion'relative to the total area of the burner ports, that thegaseous fuel is issued, for burning, only in completely and homogeneously aerated form.

Yet a further object of the invention is attained in the design and construction of a gas burner fulfilling the requirements, and having the characteristics above noted, and yet which can be manufactured economically, with precision, andl with uniformity.

Additional objects and advantages of the present invention will appear from the following detailed description of a single preferred embodiment thereof considered in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a l an view of one form of burner of my invention, Fig. 2is an elevation of the burner, part1 in section, along the line 22 of Fig; 1, aml Fi 3 is a section of the burner along line 33 0 Fig. 1.

Referring now by numerals of reference to the drawing,.the burner is adapted for connection at an opening 3, to a gas cock which may be of conventional construction and from which the flow of gas from a suitable supply conduit, (not shown), is directed into an enlarged open end mixing throat 4 pf a fuel supply passage or mixing tube indicated generally at 5. The internal conformity of the tube 5 is such asto constitute a Venturi passage, the relatively constricted portion of this passage being indicated at 6. Disposed as a closure for the end 4, is an air shutter 7 which may be disposed for a limited angular movement over the inlet opening to the. throat 4, so as to control the volume of air admitted thereto. The air shutter may be of an suitable form.

An a vantage of the burner construction,

the ports 11 in to be hereinafter described in more detail, is found in fthat it doeslnogflil'equire a mix ng assage an at en smceprovision is made inv mi; rner head for thoroughly mixing the primary air with the gaseous fuel. As appears, therefore the passage 5 may be relative! short without adversely affecting the quality of the mixture obtaine This is .of advantage, particularly in connection with burners disposed in the forwardmost row on the cooking to of gas stoves or ran es. On account of t e small length of mixin passage heretofore prov1ded into a forwar burner from the gas supply manifold, more difiiculty has been experienced in the case of high test gases, with the front row of burners than with the rear, since the greater length of supply passage between each of the rear burners and t e gas supply, has, of itself, afforded a certain greater gas mixing space.

Proceeding now to a description of the body of the burner head, there is provided, as constitutin the lowermost portion of the burner hea structure, a mixing well or reservoir indicated generally at 8, and which by preference is of circular transverse section and hence of cylindrical contour, and has connection, at one side of its lowermost portion, with the pass e 5. The reservoir 8 is, by preference of annular form, due to the provi sion of a central throu h-aperture 9, conveniently disposed as s own to insure an ample supply of secondary air. The reservoir 8, as a pears particularly from Fig. 2, is so forms that the burner is'of substantially greater depth and volume than is the practice, or is necessary, in burners desi ed to consume only gaseous fuels of li ter-than-air t In the construction liown by the rawing, the capacity of the burner head, 1ncluding the mixin well, is substantially in excess of the capacity of the passage 5. According to the preferred arrangement the up per portion of the mixing reservoir is charac terized by a plurality of angularly spaced, radial arms 10, in the present example these arms being disposed ninety degrees apart and each characterlzed by a substantial internal volume so that each arm forms a lateral extension of theupper portion of the mixing chamber, and terminates upwardly in a plurality of burner rts 11. preference is to form each of t e arms 10 ggreater width than has been the practice with burners of.

older types and instead of employing only a single row of ports on each arm, to provide an aggregate burner port area consistent with the volume of the reservoir 8, by disposing lural, preferabl parallel rows on each of e arms. In ad 'tion, and as best appears in 1, the rows of burner ports may be continued about the center of the burner head to form a of ports 12.

'As may desired, and as presently preferred, there is also provided adiacent the periphery of assage 9, an inner ring of burner orts 13, our of which are shown, and which are directed at an angle to the vertical, as best up ars in Fig. 2. It is also my preference to ispose the ports 11 and 12 at a substantial angle to the vertical so that the flames issuing from these ports provide for a better spread or distribution of heat ]ust above the burner head.

As a convenient provision for partial or com lete support for the burner assembly, the urner head is shown as provided with a T-sha ed extension 14, centrally reinforced by a rib extending longitudinally of the upper surface of the extension, and shown at 15, the extension being formed integrally with the burner head, as shown, or as a separate member secured thereto. This extension may in turn rest upon a suitable, preferably horizontal portion of the stove frame structure, as is well known in the art. Such a frame member may be apertured, and to provide means for preventing lateral movement of the burner, there is provided an extension 16 which may project downwardly through such an aperture and thus position the burner laterally of the stove or other associated structure.

It will appear from the foregoing description that the described burner, when employed with heavier-than-air aseous fuels, results in a fuel-air mixture coilecting on the imperforate bottom surface of the mixing reservoir 8. Since a fuel, or a. fuel-air mixture of this type moves relatively slowly and does not tend, of itself, to rise through the burner ports, the mixture must be displaced upwardy by additional incoming fuel, resulting in a suflicient increase in pressure to cause a discharge of combustible mixture through the ports, such as 11. The present burner is thus distinguished by the revision of an internal chamber or space 0 several times the size usual in a burner head of given area, and further characterized by an imperforate wall portion, being' in the present case the bottom of the burner, against which the incoming fuel or air-fuel mixture tends to collect, and

.particularl adapted, and fulfills the several objects set orth above.

The invention has been described by making specific reference to a presently preferred executional embodiment of the invention. The description is, for this reason, to be understood solely in a descriptive, and not from which it is positively displaced upward-- The volume of the reservoir 8 is such in a limiting sense, since, as will appear to those skilled in the art, various ch may be made in the parts, their combinations and assembly, or certain of the arts may be omitted, and equivalents substituted or parts added, without departin from the spirit and full intended scope of t e invention, as defined by the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a burner for gaseous fuels, a burner head having a relatively deep centrally disposed well portion adapted as a mixing reservoir, a central opening throu h said reservoir for secondary air, radia y extending chambered arm portions disposed on the upper part of said reservoir, and each opening upwardly into a pluralit of rows of burner ports arranged in para lel adjaoence, an inner circle of burner ports disposed closely about the upper end of the openin through said reservoir, an outer circle 0 burner ports disposed between said inner circle and the parallel" rows of ports in said radial portions, and a fuel supply conduit opening into a side wall of sad reservoir, below and between a pair of said arm portions.

2. In a gas burner assembly, a burner head of substantial depth and hollow annular form, the side walls thereof being relatively divergent from the top of the head to points defined by a transverse median lane, said walls bein substantially parallel elow such plane, a uel supply pipe extending laterally of the head and adapted for communication with a source of fuel, said pi opening into the head through the outer, su stantially parallel wall, chambered arm portions extending radially of the head, dis osed above the median plane, the under sur aces of said arms sloping u wardly and outwardly, a supporting brac et extending from the side of the burner head opposite said pipe and constituting a substantially T-sha ed extension therefrom, said bracket inc uding a reinforcing rib extending longitudinally of the arm and disposed centrally thereof, and a projection disposed beneath the arm and in depending relation to the outer end thereof.

SWINEY MORGAN.

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