US1914314A - Television and the like - Google Patents

Television and the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US1914314A
US1914314A US599272A US59927232A US1914314A US 1914314 A US1914314 A US 1914314A US 599272 A US599272 A US 599272A US 59927232 A US59927232 A US 59927232A US 1914314 A US1914314 A US 1914314A
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Prior art keywords
image
scanning
television
dimensional
light
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Expired - Lifetime
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US599272A
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English (en)
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Walton George William
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Individual
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to television and the like systems, and is particularly, although not exclusively concerned with methods and means for scanning one-dimensional 5 images of an object which are of the type described in the specifications of Patent applications Serial Nos. 400,883 and 426,344.
  • each channel serves to transmit all the zones in turn in which case the lines of demarkation between zones which have usually been visible in thereproduced image in known multi-channel systems are avoided.
  • scanning apparatus used at the transmitting station of a television system may be used, in an inverse manner, at the receiving station of that system.
  • Sufficient descriptions of apparatus used at the transmitting station will be described herein to enable a person skilled in the art to construct the receiving apparatus.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates, in perspective, an optical system for producing one-dimensional images of the kind described in specifications Serial Nos. 400,883, and 426,344.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the type of one-dimenslonal images formed by means of the system of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates diagrammatically a form of echelon device which may be used accordmg to a feature of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates the images formed with the echelon device of Fig. 3.
  • Figs. 5, 6 and 7 illustrate diagrammatically alternative Zone scanning arrangements in 7 accordance with the present invention
  • Fig. 8 illustrates a slit which may be used in any of the arrangements illustrated in Figs. 5, 6 or 7.
  • a one-dimensional image of the object 1 can be produced at 7.
  • the formation of this image is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 2.
  • the one-dimensional image 7, or an image thereof is swept by means, for example, of an oscillating mirror, over an apertured photo-electric cell. Since the images have definition only in their length it is suiiicient to move the images over the cell only in the direction of their length.
  • the width of image scanned is immaterial, and therefore in the known method only that portion lying between the lines 21 and 22 of Fig. 2 is scanned.
  • echelon device of Fig. 1 which produces a regular one-dimensional image as shown in Fig. 2
  • echelon device arranged as shown diagrammatically in Fig. 3 which produces an irregular one-dimensional image in which 1 lines which are spaced from each other in the 0 ject, are, in the one-dimensional image thereof, so arranged that they can be scanned successively.
  • Fig. 4 The arrangement of the lines of the onedimensional image produced by means of this echelon device is shown in Fig. 4.
  • the image lines 8a, 9a, 10a corresponding to the lines 8, 9, 10 of the object 1 0 Fig. 1, which are adjacent in the object, are, in the one-dimensional image arranged other than adjacent.
  • the one-dimensional image of Figures 3 or 4 can be scanned according to this invention in a variety of ways, some of which will be described later, by sweeping an image thereof over a plurality of apertured photoelectric cells, and the order in which lines are scanned by any one aperture is then 8a, 11a, 14a, 17a, 90, 12a, 15a, 18a, 10a, 13a, 16a, 190:.
  • the lines of the image may be scanned in any desired-order. Since the representations of the lines of the two dimensional object 1 have in Fig.
  • each line is regarded as composed of a row of elemental areas, each may be represented by a strip perpendicular to the row and of any desired length, for example extending from top to bottom of the figure.
  • Fig. 5 there is illustrated a methodof scanning the one-dimensional ima es 7 which may be produced with the aid 0 either the echelon device 6 of Fig. 1, or of that illustrated in Fig. 3.
  • a secondary image 23 of the images 7 is formed by means of an osclllatory mirror 24, in the plane of an opaque screen 25. The mirror 24 is placed in such a position, and its amplitude of swing is such, that the image 23 is oscillated between the two extreme positions indicated by the full line 23 and the dotted line 26.
  • a field lens 51101 shown which may be spherical or cylindrical, is placed before the image 7 and has a focal length equal to the distance of the oscillating IIllIIOl 24 from this lens so that the whole of the light from the image 7 is concentrated on to the oscillating mirror.
  • the length of the slit i.
  • the oscillating mirror 24 has a swing which covers only one section of the one-dimensional image instead of a swing which embraces the whole of the line picture. If the one-dimensional image is divided into four sections, then the oscillating mirror is given a maximum swing which will cover a quarter of the length of the image, and the four fixed scanning slits are so disposed that when the oscillating mirror is at rest the centre point of each section of the image is thrown on to one of the slits, and so one slit corresponds to one section of the image.
  • the image 7 is thus scanned in four zones simultaneously, each zone being dealt with by its own photo-electric cell which con stitutes the beginning of a separate transmission channel. In this arrangement none of the cells scan the whole image and each deals only with its own zone thereof.
  • a similar multiple scanning arrangement would be used in an inverse manner at the receiver, in which, of course, a source of light modulated by a corresponding picture current will be placed behind each of the fixed slits, or will have an individual light modulating device and one or more sources of light.
  • FIG. 6 A third scanning arrangement in accordance with the present invention in which each channel serves to transmit the whole image is illustrated in Fig. 6.
  • An image 23 of the one-dimensional image 7 is, as before, thrown on to a screen 25 by means of an oscillating mirror 24.
  • the amplitude of swing of the mirror is such that the image 23 moves be- In tween the positions 23 and 26.
  • In the screen 25 are six equally spaced slits 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 behind which are photo-electric cells 37a, 38a, 39a, 37b, 38b and 39b.
  • the distance between corresponding a and b slits is equal to the length of the image 23, and the cells 37a and 37 b are connected in parallel, as also are the cells 38a, 38b, and 39a, 39?).
  • each pair of cells scans the whole image.
  • one scanning aperture for example 38a
  • Pairs of slits are used because as the mirror swings, each slit becomes at some instant inoperative on the image, but immediately it does so, the other slit of the pair becomes operative.
  • the advantage of this method is that there is no possibility of a received picture appearing in definite sections which may possibly overlap or be disjointed, but that the whole appears as a properly connected picture.
  • Each pair of slits may be provided with an individual colour filter or with a pair of photo cells having a selective response in a certain part of the visible spectrum, each pair having a difl'erent region of selective response.
  • the image 7 is swept over a light-sensitive device in front of which there is a slit.
  • the image may be arranged on the slit so that there is no definition in the direction of the length of the slit.
  • Such an arrangement is illustrated in Fig. 8, 41 indicating a part of the one dimensional image, and 42 the slit.
  • each of these apertures may be provided with a diiferent coloured filter, or the photo cell behind each aperture, and individual to that aperture, may be such as to have a selective response in a certain part of the visible spectrum, and the photo cells appertaining to different slits have selective responses in different parts of the spectrum.
  • the electric currents from each photo cell are, of course, transmitted along a separate channel and are applied to an individual light modulation device in the receiver.
  • a very similar scanning arrangement is used but in an inverse manner; if three colours are used at the transmitter then there are three light modulating devices, which may or may not have individual sources of light.
  • each cell and each channel serves to transmit the whole of the object.
  • the cells do not traverse the same paths on the stixograph but as they are spaced apart in the direction of no definition on the stixograph the image transmitted by one cell is equivalent in all respects to that transmitted by the other cells.
  • the echelon device forming the one-dimensional images may be such as to pick out the lines of the object in any desired manner not necessarily in that order described herein; the other may be, for purposes of secrecy, quite irregular, and there are obviously many combinations of different kinds of echelon devices with the dilferent methods of scanning described herein.
  • the image to be scanned may remain stationary and the aper-' ture moved, usually with its co-operating light sensitive device.
  • Television and the like transmitting apparatus comprising optical means adapted to produce simultaneously from an object an image in which adjacent lines of the object are longitudinally displaced relatively to one another, a plurality of scanning apertures spaced apart in the direction of said longitudinal displacement and means for producing relative motion substantially in said direction between said image and said apertures.
  • Television and the like apparatus comprising optical means adapted to produce simultaneously from an object, an image in which adjacent lines of the object are longitudinally displaced relatively to one another, a plurality of electro-optical means spaced apart in the direction of said longitudinal displacement, and means for producing relative motion substantially in said direction between said image and said means.
  • Television and the like apparatus comprising a plurality of transmission channels, a plurality of spaced scanning means each adapted to co-operate with one of said channels, means for producing in the neighborhood of said scanning means an optical image of an object to be transmitted and means for producing relative motion between said image and said scanning means solely in the direction of said spacing, each of said scanning means being thus adapted to sweep over successively and scan the same part of the image.
  • Television and the like receiving appa ratus adapted to co-operate with a plurality of transmission channels and comprising means for producing a plurality of spaced light beams each adapted to co-operate with one-of said channels, a reproducing surface and means for producing relative motion between each of said beams and said surface solely in the direction of said spacing, each of said beams being adapted to sweep over successively the same part of said surface and to reconstitute the whole of the image to be reproduced and only one of said beams bein Y at any time operative on one line of sai image.
  • Television and the like receiving apparatus adapted to co-operate with a plurality of transmission channels and comprising means for producing a plurality of pairs of spaced light beams each pair being adapted to co-operate with one of said channels, a reproducing surface and means for producing relative motion between each of said beams and said surface solely in the direction of said spacing, each of said pairs of beams being adapted to reconstitute the whole of the image to be reproduced.
  • Television and the like receiving apparatus comprising a reproducing screen, optical means adapted to produce upon said screen simultaneously from an image in which adjacent lines of an object are longitudinally displaced relatively to one another an ordinary two dimensional image of said object, a plurality of light sources spaced apart in the direction of said longitudinal displacement, a housing for said light sources, said housing having apertures therein corresponding to said light sources, means for producing images of said apertures in the neighborhood of said optical means and means for producing relative motion between the last mentioned images and said optical means.
  • At least one of said apertures has associated therewith a plurality of light sources, each of said sources bein associated with a color filter and the color 0 one of said filters being different from the color of another of sald filters.
  • Television and the like transmitting apparatus comprising optical means adapted to produce simultaneously from an object an image in which adjacent lines of the object are longitudinally displaced relatively to one another, a plurality of scanning means spaced apart in the direction of said longitudinal displacement, means for producing relative motion substantially in said direction between said image and said scanning means, a plurality of light-sensitive devices name to this s cification.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mechanical Optical Scanning Systems (AREA)
  • Facsimile Scanning Arrangements (AREA)
  • Image Input (AREA)
US599272A 1931-02-20 1932-03-16 Television and the like Expired - Lifetime US1914314A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5425/31A GB379303A (en) 1931-02-20 1931-02-20 Improvements in television and the like
DEW88799D DE651516C (de) 1931-02-20 1932-04-20 Vorrichtung zur Mehrfachabtastung fuer Zwecke des Fernsehens, der Bildtelegraphie u. dgl.
NL61054A NL41893C (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png) 1931-02-20 1932-04-27
FR737043T 1932-05-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1914314A true US1914314A (en) 1933-06-13

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ID=9795942

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US599272A Expired - Lifetime US1914314A (en) 1931-02-20 1932-03-16 Television and the like

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US (1) US1914314A (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png)
DE (1) DE651516C (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png)
FR (1) FR737043A (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png)
GB (1) GB379303A (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png)
NL (1) NL41893C (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2627199A (en) * 1948-10-02 1953-02-03 O'brien Brian Optical image dissecting apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2627199A (en) * 1948-10-02 1953-02-03 O'brien Brian Optical image dissecting apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR737043A (fr) 1932-12-05
DE651516C (de) 1937-10-14
GB379303A (en) 1932-08-22
NL41893C (US07816562-20101019-C00012.png) 1937-11-15

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