US1913638A - Wall - Google Patents

Description

R. W. RAFTIS June 13, 1933.

WALL

Filed Dec.

Abb $1 A I j RICHARD w. RArrrs, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS; DILLIAN nnAr'rIs. EXECUTRIX or SAID Patented June 13, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE i RICHARD W. nArTIs, DECEIAsED, AssIeNOIc `ro LILLIAN B. RAr'rIs, or CHICAGO,`

ILLINOIS WALL Application filed December 28, 1928. "Serial No. 328,897.

i i My invention relates to building construction and more specifically to an improved `wall construction. It includes, among its objects and advantages, improved facility and reliability in the location of and moldings.

vIn the accompanying drawing: Figure 1 is a horizontal section through a portion of a wall according to the Invention. Fig. 2 is a similar section through the joint base boards t with a nailing block in a thicker wall.

Fig. 8 is a similarsection through a joint provided with nailing blocks in a still thicker wall. I t n Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a portion of a wall according to the invention. j 1

In the embodiment of the invention selected for illustration, the wall is made up of a plurality of courses of individual building units with horizontal mortar joints between each course and the courses above and below. Each course has verticalmortar joints between the individual units and the oints in successive courses are staggered. In .the form illustrated in Fig. 4, the units are Y square in side elevation and the joints of each course are set half-way between the `vertical planes of the joints of adjacent courses.

` Each unit comprises a cellular' body 10 having intermediate partitions 12. The units inthe course level with a molding or base board have each one plain end 14 and aV- shaped notch 16 in the other end. lThey arey laid in pairs with the V-shaped notches fac- I ing each other, as clearly indicated in Fig. 1,

so that alternate joints are plain, asindicated at 18, and the remaining joints have square recesses to receivenailing blocks 20. These blocks can simply be dropped in place when the units are being put in position.` The tile in the course below may be laid with the cells horizontal to provide a firm support for the nailing block 20, although this is not necessary as pushing the tile against eachother and putting the mortar in place will furnish j adequate support.

The notches are of such a size as tojleave sufficient depth for a good mortar joint` seal at 22 but preferably large enough so that the partitions defining the notches 16 intersectIthefacesIof the at or nearthe joints Thus, the material at point 24 in Fig. 1 is effectively braced by the adjacent portions 2 6 and 2 8 defining the face of theunit and the side of the notch 16 respectively, and lying atan angle to each*` other.x `The main advantage `of Ithislfeature iszr'that the materialA at `24 is so well` connected` with `the restoi` seriousrislr.` j I, I j I I j It will benoted that in thethicker wall shownin Fig.` 2, I employ a slightly larger` nailing block `30so as tomaintain the effec-.t tive; bracing of the edge ofthe unit at 32.I It is not necessary to increase the size` of `the nailing block by an `amount eaactly equal to the increased thickness of the. wall. Upon reference to Fig. 2, it will be noted` that the mortar joint at 34.is somewhat deeper' than that at 32. I l f `For still thicker walls, as indicated in Fig. 3,7I prefer to employ twof nailing blocks 36 and 38, inwhich case the positioning of the blocks is determined by the best depth for the mortar joints at `4() and the best bracing for` the edges ofthe units at42.`

It will be apparent thatthe horizontaliand the unit that `breakage i in handling is not a I vertical mortarjoints at 44 and 46 in Fig, 4

completely encloseand seal thevnailing strips so thattheir faces arenot accessible to-a burning `action in caseof fire. 'I To get any,

assistance from the nailing block` in supporting combustion, it would be` necessary toheat theentire wall to such a temperature thatthe more volatile constituents of the wood would be vaporized and force their way out through the mortar joints. I

After the units `are laidythe wall is completed in the usual way, as by positioning grounds 48 where the base board and moldings are to be mounted later. These grounds also function `as a depthgage for the plasterer who applies the plaster 50 to the rest of the wall. Vherever plaster is to be applied to the faces of the units should be keyed. In the oase of the inside wall or partition illustrated in Fig. 1, the units are keyed I on both sides. The grounds 48 are fastened to the wall by driving one or more nails 52 through the ground andinto each of the nailing blocks. Thus, with a building unit one foot square, there will be a nailing every two feet to h-old the ground in place.

After the plaster has been applied, the grounds provide wood surfaces flush with the plaster, to which the base boar-d and moldings may be attached.

Without further elaboration, the foregoing will so fully; explain the gist of my inven.

tion that othersV may, by applying current knowledge, readily adapt the same for use under various conditions of service.

I claim:

1. A wall comprising-a plurality ofcourses of cellular tiles with vertical mortar joints between the tiles in each course, and horizontal mortar jointsfbetween the courses, certain of said' verticalY joints beingl formed with ret cesses symmetrically located' betweenl opposite facesV -of the wall, said recesses being squarev in plan' view with one diagonalv parallel to the wall, and square nailing blocks yilling said recesses and sealed' in by the mortar of the adjacent joints, said blocks being accessible from both slides of the'wallby nailing through the mortar, the tiles forming the recesses having each one vertical edge grooved' 'and the; other plain whereby the nailing blocks are located' in alternate vertical joints in a given course.

2. Awall comprising aplurality of units held in place by cementitious material at the joints, certain of said units having grooves in their vertical edges, said grooves having faces forming aright angle, so thatr twoof said' units' when placed end to end with their groovesl facing each'v other form a square shaped recess adapted to house nailing' blocks t substantially square in cross section, and nail.-

ing blocks housed in said recesses and-completely sealed up in the cementitious material.

3. A wall comprising building units and square nailing strips embedded' in said wall, said units deining square cavities between their adjacent yedges to receiversaid strips, said units extending beyond said strips to defin-e mortar spaces on both sides of said strips, and mortar filling said spaces, whereby said strips are completely sealed up and lirep'r'oofed, y'

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification. f

RICHARD YV, RAFTIS.

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