US1909705A - Grinding machine - Google Patents

Description

F. G. Musi-IEN@ 1,909,705

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. 2l, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet l May I6, 1933.

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May 16, 1933. F. G. MUsHENo GRINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. 21, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 SEM WW @www M@ ATTORNEYS Patented May 16, 1933 UNITED STATES PATET oFFicE 'FREIGiu MUSHENO, OIF SCHUYLKILL HAVEN, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO ALLEGHENY STEEL (IIOMPANY,4 A CORPORATION F PENNSYLVANIA GRINDING MACHINE Application led January 21, 1932. Serial No. 587,858.

Thisfinvention relates to grindingand/or polishing machines, and more particularly to machines to Ygrind and/or polish the 1nterior surface of cylinders, pipes, tubes or '5 the like.

An object of this invention is the provlsion of a machine 'whereby the internal surface of a plurality of tubes, cylinders or the like may be ground and/or polished simultaneously.

Another object of the invention is to lprovide for the simultaneous grinding of a plurality of tubes, cylinders or the like, whether such'be-of different lengths or of different diameters or both.

A further objectl of the invention is the provision of a'multiple head grinder of the type vreferred to above that shall be simple in construction, easily operated and controlled, and 4efcient inoperation.

The invention embodies the arrangement and combination of parts and details of construction as 'described' in the following specification and illustrated in .the accompanying drawings in which: l Figures 1 and 2 (placed end to end from left to right) represent a fragmentary top plan view of a machine arranged and constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

Figs. 3 and 4 (placed end to end from left to right) represent a fragmentary vview in side elevation of the machine shown in Figs. 1 and 2;

Fig. 5 is a View of the machine, in section,

taken on line V-V of Figs. 1 and 3;

" Fig. 6 is a longitudinal view, in' vertical section, of a device whereby liquid may be introduced in rotating' shafts;

Fig. 7 is a top planfview of a wheel bracket.; i

Fig. 8 is a view in side elevation of the wheel bracket of Fig. 7, and a support or bracket for a traveling nut;

Fig. 9 is a view in side elevation, partly in section, taken on line IX-IX of Fig. 8, of the elements shown in Figs. 7 and 8, show ing a traveling nut mounted in place;

Figl() is an end view of a carriage wheel and axle;

Fig. 11 is a view in section of the'wheel showing the bearing bushing and axle;

Figs. 12 and 13 are end and side views, respectively, in elevation of a traveling pedestal support; Y

Figs. 14 and 15 are end and side elevational views, respectively, of a stationary pedestalsupport for rotating shafts; p

F ig. 16is a View in section of arcoupling member for oining two tubes and providing for; the passage of lubricant therethrough; an

Fig. 17 is a general organization viewof grinding machines, such as showniin Figs. 1 to il, adapted to grind two or more tubes from opposite ends.

Throughout the drawings andthe speciiication like reference characters indicate like parts. y Y

In the drawings, a grinding machine 1 is shown which is designed to grind and/or polish the inside surfaces of a plurality of tubes, cylinders or the like, simultaneously or at the saine time. For convenience, the ,-5 above articles which may be ground on this i machine are referred to hereinafter as tubes.

The particular machine shown, for the purpose of illustrating how the invention 80. may be practiced, is designed to grind and/or polish the internal surface of tubes 'Q and 3 at the same time. The tubes, as shown, are stetionarily mounted with their longitudinal axes parallel to each other. The tubes may 3f.- be of different diameters or of the same diu ameter; they may be long or short, or a number of short tubes maybe mounted end to end and ground at the same time. Y

Means are provided .for holding the tubes 9U- rigid and stationary, and for rotating the grinder elements, although it is to be understood that the tubes may be mounted for rotation in the opposite direction to that in which the grinder elements are rotated. 9

Each tube is groundY and/or polished by means of a grinder 4 adapted to be rotated and reciprocated back and forth within the tube. The type of grinder illustrated. is shown and described in my copending applimy cation, Serial No. 559,623, filed August 27,

1931 and assigned to Allegheny Steel Company of Pennsylvania. The grinder includes a plurality of abrasive elements or stones 5 mounted in a holder 6. The stones are yieldingly urged outwardly against the internal surface of the tubes being ground by means of springs 7. Each end of the holder 6 is provided with bearings 8 and 9 of slightly smaller diameter than the internal diameter of the tubes and serve as guides for the holders.

The grinders are coupled to the ends of relatively long rotating reciprocating shafts 10 and 11 (preferably hollow) which are supported with their axes of rotation in line and coincident with the longitudinal axes of the tubes. Means are provided for passing lubricating fluids (such as water) through the hollow shafts into the tubes so as to properly lubricate the grinding stones and the internal surfaces of the tubes.

The grinders may also be of the type illustrated in and covered by my copending application for U. S. Letters Patent, Serial No. 521,649, filed March 11, 1931, and assigned to the Allegheny Steel Company of Pennsylvania.

Machine 1 comprises a base or foundation, 12, formed preferably of concrete, having a trough-like basin 13 therein for collecting the lubricant liquids delivered to the` tubes. rlhe trough slopes from its opposite ends towards a common point 14, from which point the lubricant is pumped and recirculated through the shafts 10 and 11, grinders 4 and the tubes. A. table comprising channels 15 and 16 mounted on edge on opposite sides of the trough 13 is provided, forming a track over which carriage 17 may travel back and forth, and on which a plurality of tube supports 18 are mounted.

The channels 15 and 16 may be tied together and braced by means of cross ties 19 which are bolted to the webs of the channels, as shown. The spacing of the cross ties may be such as to adequately brace and stifen the table channels and thereby facilitate accurate alinement and cooperation of the various parts.

The rotating shafts 10 and 11 are each mounted at one end, as shown, on the carriage 17 and extend outwardly therefrom, cantilever fashion, in the direction of travel of the carriage. In order that the shafts may run true and in line with the longitudinalcenters of the tubes being ground, a traveling pedestal 21 is provided to support the shafts at some appropriate and effective point between the free and supported ends thereof. Pedestal 21 travels over the table channels with thev carriage, it being tied thereto by means of a connecting rod 22.

The carriage 17 comprises a rectangular bedplate 23, having wheel brackets 24 secured thereto at each end thereof and wheels 25 journalled on stub shafts 26 carried by the brackets, and a top plate 27 mounted on posts 28. The posts, as shown, are bolted to the corners of the bedplates and the top: plate is bolted to the upper ends of the posts. In order that the grinder driving . shafts 10 and 11 may be driven or rotated, a motor 29 is provided and mounted on the top plate 27. The motor is connected by a belt 30, which passes through an opening 31 in the top plate, to a pulley 32 forming part of a speed increaser gear unit 33, of any form or construction, mounted on the bedplate.

The speed increaser unit embodies two power take-off shafts'34 and 35 which are coupled to the grinder shafts 10 and' 11, respectivel by means of couplers 36.

In order that grinding lubricant vmay be introduced into the rotating shafts. 10 and 11, a stumng box 37 is mounted on each shaft near the coupling members 36. The stuling boxes may be constructed as shown in F ig. 6, and comprise abody 39 having packing or stufling glands40 at each end thereof and stuiing nuts 41 threaded into the stufling glands, to prevent the leakage of fluid along the shafts.v The interior of each box is hollowed out to provide a bore or cavity of larger diameter than the shafts into which water may be forced. As shown, the hollow shafts may be perforated at 42 so that fluid may flow from lthe stuing box cavities through the perforations to the interior of the shafts, and thence through the grinders 4 to the interior of the tubes. 'llo provide for the delivery of fluid to the stuffing box cavities, each body39 is drilled and tapped as at 43 to accommodate short pipes 44 which are connected to a header 45. rIhe header maybe connected to a suitable source of supply of lubricant, suchas a pump (not shown) by meansof a flexible hose 46. Since the stufling boxes are tied together by the pipes 44 and header 45., they cannot turn with the shafts. Y

In order that the shafts 10 and 11 may be supported at some suitable point between the grinders 4 and the traveling pedestal 2 1 to further steady and guide them, a station#V ary pedestal support 47 is provided and bolted to the table channels 15, 16. Pedestal support 47 is provided with a separate bearing 48 for each shaft and each bearing may be of theself-aligning binding of the shafts therein. Y

lIhe wheel brackets 24 are illustrated in Figs. 7, 8 and 9, and may be cast as an integral piece in the form and shape shown, and designed to-be bolted to the underside of bedplate 23. 24 is substantially rectangular in plan and drilled at the four corners to accommodate bolts 50 that extend through the bedplate. The top of each bracketalso has a: groove 51, substantially square in section, for retype to prevent 1 The top of each bracket lll() lit) ceiving the connecting bar 22. The'connecting bar lies in the grooves of both brackets and projects beyond the rear end yof the carriage, the bar locked in place and prevented from moving longitudinally of the grooves by means of pins or keys 52.

The brackets are also formed. with journals 53 for receiving the wheel axles 26, the axles being held in place with set screws (not shown) adapted to be inserted at 54. The bottom of the brackets are flat, substantially rectangular in plan, and drilled at the four corners to accommodate cap screws 55 which secure a traveling nut support 56 thereto. f

In order that the carriage 17 may be driven back and forth over-the table so that the grinder elements 4 may traverse the tubes,a feed screw 57 and a traveling nut 58 carried by brackets 56, .are'provided The feed screw is journalled in a bearing 59 at one end and in a bearing 60 at the other, the :bearings being secured to the table channels 15 and 16. To preventlongitudinal movement of the feed screw, collars y61 may be secured thereto on each side of bearing 59.. The screw, as shown, is connected by a coupling 62 to a power take-olf shaft 63'of speed reducer gear unit 64 which is driven by a motor 65 mounted on a foundation 66. The nut 58 may be tubular in form and extends through a sleeve 67 formed as an integral part of bracket or support 56. 'I he nut may be keyed to vthe bracket, as at 68, to prevent turning thereof by the feed screw. To hold the nut and prevent longitudinal movement thereof .in the bracket, one end thereof has a collar 69 formed thereon, and the other end is threaded to accommodate a substantially flat circular nut 70. Since nut 58 is rigidly secured to bracket 56 and the bracket is rigidly securedto. the carriage, it will be readily apparent that if the feed screw is driven in one direction by motor 65, the carriage will move forwardly, and rearwardly if driven in the opposite direction.

In order to grind the internal surfaces 'of the tubes, such as shown, it will be apparent that the grinder elements 4 must traverse these surfaces a number of times, thus requiring a number of complete forward and rearward' trips of the carriage; in other words,"it will be necessary to reverse the die rection of motion of the carriage at each end of the stroke of the grinder elements.

In'order to accomplish such reversal of motion at the proper time and place, motor 65 is preferably reversable and provided with suitable control equipment and limit switches at each end or limit of travel of the carriage. Such equipment or apparatus being well known and standard in the art, it is believed unnecessary to illustrate the same in the drawings.

It is apparent by inspection of Figs. 3, 4 and 5, that the feed screw 57 and the bottom of bracket 56 are disposed between the table channels 15 and 16 and below the tops there of. Therefore, in orderto provide clearance for the screw and bracket, the webs 72 of the ties or braces'19 are curved downwardly as shown in Fig. 5.

The wheels 25 are formed with flanges 78 so that when mounted on the axles, these flanges overhang the outer top edges of the table channels 15 and 16 as shown in Fig. 5. The wheels may be bored to accommodate bushings 74 which form the bearings for the axles 26. To hold the wheels in place, washers 75 may be placed over the ends of the axles and locked in place with pins 76.

The traveling pedestal 21 is illustrated more clearly in Figs. 12 and 13, and may be cast as an integral piece. rIhe pedestal comprises a base 78 substantially rectangular in form, and an upright 7 9 which is braced by means of a web 80. The base is formed with sockets 81 at the four corners to accommodate axles 82 on which wheels 88 (similar in form and` construction to wheels 25) are turnably mounted and secured. The axles may be held in place with pins 84, or any other suitable means.

The upper portion of upright 79 is provided with bearings 85 and 86 for supporting the hollow shafts 10 and 11, respectively.

In order that connecting rod or bar 22 may be attached to the traveling pedestal 21, a boss 85 having an opening 86 therein is formed on the bracing web 8O to accommodate one end of the bar. 'Ihe bar may be rigidly secured to the pedestal with one or more set screws located at 87.

The stationary pedestal, as shown in F n" 14 and 15 comprises a base 88 having flan 89 adapted to overhang the channels 15 and 16, an upright 90 and bearing housings 9i and 92 formed at the top of the upright.

he upright is braced, in a direction longitudinally of the table, with webs 93 di# posed on opposite sidesthereof. The bearing housing having bearings 94 therein of suitable form and design may be adjustable if desired.

The tube supports 18, as shown in 2 and 4 are all similar, hence similar and corresponding parts are designated by the same reference characters. v"Each support comprises a base 95 adapted to be secured to the channels 15 and 16, and an upright disposed over one of the-channels. The upper end of the upright terminates in a screw clamp'housing 97 that overhangs the tu The housing has a pair of screws 98 th ed therethrough, that carry a clamping' member 99 adapted to partially embrace both tubes 10 and 11.` The screws may be turned to raise or lower member 99- by means of hand wheels 100. f

lli)

The base has an adjustable screw 101 mounted thereon that is supported on a turnable wheel 102 through which the screw is threaded. The top of screw 101 carrier a block 103 in which a tube clamping member 104 is disposed.

ln practice, the bottom screws 101 are adjusted, that is, raised or lowered until they are at the correct elevation, such as will cause the longitudinal axes of the tubes to be parallel and` coincident with. the longitudinal axes of the rotating shafts 10 and 11, when the tubes are lying on tube clamping members 104. The tubes may now be clamped in place by adjusting screws 98 until the tubes are clamped between the clamping members 99 and 104i and hele against movement when the grinding operations are being performed.

With a machine such as shown and described, two or more tubes of the same diameter, or of di"ferent diameter, may be ground and/or polished in one operation. For any particular tube diameter, a grinder adapted for such size is mounted on the proper rotating shaft. l'lhus the machine may be utilized for grinding vtubes where the diameters may vary over a wide range,V

it being only necessary to provide a stock of grinders having the necessary selection of sizes.

Where short tubes are to be ground, and the lengths thereof are materially less than the stroke of travel of the carriage 17 and grinders t, a number of short tubes may mounted in tandem in the supports 18 and coupled at their meeting ends with couplers 106 (see Fig. 16). ln such cases, the 'tube ends may be spaced apart slightly to permit the flow of lubricating liquid to the interior bores thereof. rfliecouplers may be drilled and tapped so that a liquid supply line mayv be connected thereto. lf the liquid is delivered to the tubes as shown in Fig. 16, it may or may not be necessary to pass liquid through the rotating shafts 10 and 11.

In some classes of tubing, the lengths thereof may materially exceed the stroke of the carriage 17 and grinders Ll. To take care of such conditions, a machine or unit comprising a carriage, traveling pedestal, stationary pedestal, rotating shafts and grinders such as shown and described in connection with Figs. 1 to 5 and 7 to 15, may be mounted on the table to the right of the tube supports 18. Such Va unit would grind the tubes from the righ"'-hand end and the unit shown in Figs. 1 and 3 would grind the tubes from the left-hand end.

When the tubes are ground from both ends, the machines would be so coordinated that the grinders operating in the tubes would be moving in unison from left to right or vice versa. In other words, when one set of grinders is entering the tubes from one end, the other set of grinders will be moving towards the opposite tube ends.

A general organization view of the above view of the above described arrangement is shown in Fig. 17.

With a machine, such as shown, cold drawn tubes may be ground to size, without boring or reaming, withinl limits of plus or minus 0.010inches. Also, it has been possible `with a machine suchas shown, to grind tubes, varying inlength from three feet vto thirty feet and upwards in length, to vsize within the limits above mentioned. In order to grind tubes within vsuch close limits, it is apparent that the rotating shafts 10 and 11 must run true in all positions oftravel. The shafts are held true throughout their full travel or stroke by means of the-traveling pedestal support 21 andthe stationary pedestal support 47. It is well known that where long shafts are rotated at high speeds, the shafts tend' to vibrate and shift out of line. Such vibrations and shifting is prevented in the type of machine shown by means of the movable pedestal support and the stationary'support. Y

While a` preferred form of Vgrinding machine has been shown and described, it will beunderstood by those skilled in this art that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from either the spirit or the scope of the invention. It is desired, therefore, that only such limitations shall be placed' on theinve-ntion as are imposed by the4 prior art and the appended claims. y

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A multiple head grinder comprising a carriage, a screw having a driving connec tion with said carriage, means for driving said screw, a. pair of rotating shafts disposed on said carriage, grinder heads at the ends of said shafts, said shafts having passageways terminating. in discharge ports, means on said carriage for rotating said shafts, means for passing liquid through said shaft passageways, at'the grinder heads, and a stationary support for supporting Ysaid shafts between the free ends thereof and said carriage. p n

2'. A multiple head grinder comprising a table, work holders thereon, a reciprocating carriage on said table, means for driving the carriage, rotating shafts supported on the carriage, said shafts extending cantilever fashion from said carriage horizontally of the table, grinder heads on the free ends of said shafts, means on the carriage for driving said shafts, said shafts having passageways discharging into said Vgrinder heads, means for passing liquid through said passageways, and a stationary support on said table between the carriage-andwork holders, through which said shafts may slide as the carriage reciprocates.

3. Apparatus for grinding the internal surfaces of cylinders, tubes and the like, comprising a bed, spaced channel members disposed on edge of said bed and extending longitudinally thereof, a. carriage having wheels for supporting the same on said channel members, a screw disposed between said channel members below said carriage, means for driving said screw, means depending from said carriage connected to said screw so that the carriage may be driven thereby, a rotating hollow shaft mounted on said carriage, said shaft having a substantial portion thereof extending cantilever fashion beyond the carriage in the line of travel thereof, a grinding tool at the free end of said shaft, means for passing a lubricating and cooling liquid through said shaft to the grinding tool, and means on the carriage for driving said shaft.

4. Apparatus for rotating and reciprocating grinding tools comprising a base, carriage tracks on the base, a carriage having wheels disposed on said tracks, a stationary screw mounted between the tracks and below said carriage, a traveling nut on said screw, means securing said nut to the carriage, a hollow rotating shaft disposed on said carriage, said shaft being disposed to carry a grinding tool at one end thereof, and means for delivering a cooling and lubricating liquid through said shaft to the grinding tool.

5. Apparatus for rotating and reciprocating grinder tools comprising a base, carriage tracks on the base, a carriage having wheels disposed on said tracks', a stationary screw mounted between the tracks and below said carriage, a traveling nut on said screw, means securing said nut to the carriage, a hollow rotating shaft journalled on said carriage, a substantial portion of said shaft extending cantilever fashion from the carriage and being adapted to carry a grinding tool at its free end, means for delivering a cooling and lubricating liquid through said shaft to the grinding tool, and means on the carriage for driving said shaft.

6. A machine for grinding the internal surfaces of tubes, pipes and the like comprising a base having rails secured thereto, supports on said rails for holding a plurality of tubes, cylinders or the like, means for adjusting said supports in a vertical direction, a carriage disposed for reciprocating motion on said rails, parallel rotating shafts on the carriage, said shafts extending cantilever fashion from said carriage and having their longitudinal axes in line with the longitudinal axes of said tubes, grinder elements carried at the ends of said shafts adapted to operate within said tubes or the like, means for lubricating the surface trav- -onthe screw, means coupling said nut to the ersed by said grinder elements while the carriage and shafts are in motion, a screw mounted between said rails, a traveling nut carriagein-driving relation, and means for driving the screw.

7. A machine foiI grinding the internal surfaces of tubes, pipes and the like comprising a base having rails secured thereto, supports on said rails for holding a plurality of tubes, cylinders or the like, means for adjusting said supports in a vertical direction, acarriage disposed for reciprocating motion on said rails, parallel rotating shafts on the carriage, said shafts extending cantilever fashion from said carriage and having their longitudinal axes in line with the longitudinal axes of said tubes, grinder elements carried at the ends of said shafts adapted to operate within said tubes Or the like, means for lubricating the surface traversed by said grinder elements while the carriage and shafts are in motion, a stationary support mounted on the rails for supporting the shafts between said grinder elements andl the carriage, and means for driving said carriage back and forth on said tracks.

8. A machine for grinding the internal surfaces of tubes, pipes and the like comprising a base yhaving rails secured thereto, supports on said rails for holding a plurality of tubes, cylinders or the like, means for adjusting said supports in a vertical direction, a carriage disposed for reciprocating motion on said rails, parallel rotating hollow shafts on the carriage, said shafts extending cantilever fashion from said carriage and having their longitudinal axes in line with the longitudinal axes of said tubes, grinder elements carried at the ends ofl said shafts adapted to operate within said tubes or the like, means for driving said carriage back and forth on said tracks, and means for passing liquid through said hollow 110 shafts to the interior of said tubes to lubricate the surfaces thereof being ground.

9. A multiple head grinder comprising a carriage, a screw having a driving connection with said carriage, means for driving 115 said screw, a pair of rotating shafts disposed on said carriage, grinder heads at the ends of said shafts, means on said carriage for rotating said shafts, a stationary support having journals therein for guiding 120 and supporting said shafts between the free ends thereof and said carriage, and a traveling support disposed between said stationary support and the carriage adapted to move uni-directionally with the carriage 125 and to support said shafts as it moves.

10. A machine for surfacing the internal surfaces of tubes, pipes and the like comprising support rails, tube holding members on said rails, a carriage disposed for 1f reciprocating motion on said rails, a hollow rotating shaft on the carriage extending cantilever fashion therefrom and having its longitudinal axis in line with the longitudinal axes of the tube, a grinder element at the end of said shaft adapted to operate within the tube or the like, means for driving the carriage back and forth on the rails, and means for passing liquid through said shaft to the interior of the tube to lubrica'te the surface being ground.

1l. A machine for surfacing the internal surfaces of tubes, pipes and the like comprising support rails, tube holding members on said rails, a carriage disposed for reciprocating motion on said rails, a hollow rotating shaft on the carriage extending Cantilev-er fashion therefrom and having its longitudinal axes in line with the longitudinal axis of the tube, a grinder element at the end of said shaft adapted to operate within the tube or the like, means for driving the carriage back and forth on the rails, a stationary support between the carriage and. tube holding member, slidably guiding and supporting said shaft, and means for passing liquid through said shaftV to the interior of the tube to lubricate the surface being ground.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 16th day of J anuary, 1932.

FRED G. MUSHENO.

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