US1908103A - Heating of fluids - Google Patents
Heating of fluids Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1908103A US1908103A US498630A US49863030A US1908103A US 1908103 A US1908103 A US 1908103A US 498630 A US498630 A US 498630A US 49863030 A US49863030 A US 49863030A US 1908103 A US1908103 A US 1908103A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tubes
- furnace
- bridge wall
- heating
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title description 11
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001996 bearing alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical group [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
- C10G9/18—Apparatus
- C10G9/20—Tube furnaces
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements in heating fluids and refers particularl the improved method and means of e ciently utilizing the relatively high temperatures encountered in the combustion zone of a furnace to supply heat to fluid undergoing treatment.
- the concepts of the present invention permit its use in heatin any fluid and the principles of the invention may be applied to any type of furnace.
- the embodiment herein described is, however, particularly adapted to the heating of hydrocarbor oils 1n either a liquid or vaporous state, or partially in both, to high temperatures such as those employed in cracking.
- %lombustion'zo ne 1 of the furnace may be supplied with combustible materials through one or a plurality of tunnel structures 2 having firing compartment 3 and air ducts 4 and 5, re ulated respectively by dampers 6 and 7 ombustible mixtures such as, for example, fuel oil and steam may be supplied to firing tunnel 3 through burner 8.
- t is to be understood of course, that other types of fuel such as gas, pulverized solid fuel or the like, may be used.
- Tubes 9 are disposed along the front wall 10 and roof 11 of the furnace and receive primarily radiant heat from the flame and gases in combustion zone 1 and the surrounding walls and floor 12 of the furnace.
- Tubes 13 located near the rear wall 14 of the furnace receive substantially convection or fluid heat from the combustion gases passing between the tubes to flue 1'3, and bridge wall 15 separates the combustion zone 1 from the convection heating chamber in which is located the bank of said convection tubes.
- bridge wall 15 may be provided with a hollow portion 17 in which are disposed tubes 18.
- the back 19 of bridge wall 15 may preferably be constructed of fire brick or other suitable refractory material and the front 20 may be of any suitable material capable of transmitting radiant heat to tubes 18, such as nickel-chromium bearing alloys, silichrome steel, chrome-iron or other metals capable of withstanding the high temperatures encountered in the combustion zone, or non-metallic materials such as fire clay or carborundum shapes may be employed if desired.
- Perforated bafiie wall 21 may be provided directly in front of bridge wall 15 to break up the flame and prevent its direct impingement upon the front 20 of the bridge wall.
- the tubes 18, while protected from the destructive action of the flameand hot combustion gases in combustion zone 1, may derive the benefit of the hi h temperatures encountered in this zone fiy-being supplied with heat transmitted through and/or radiated from the front 20 of bridge wall 15.
- similar benefits may be derived by constructing other walls of the furnace such as front wall 10 and roof 11 with a hollow space similar to that provided at17 and with a protecting front similar to 20. Such embodiments are entirely within the scope of the present invention.
- supporting beams 22 such as are ordinarily employed to support the tubes 13 of the convection bank may extend through bridge wall 15 and serve as supporting members for tubes 18, serving at the same time to reinforce and stifien bridge wall 15, permitting relativel light and inexpensive construction of t e bridge wall.
- the light construction of brid wall is also advantageous in coolin the urnace when its operation has been iscontinued as the ordinary massive brid e wall construction retains heat for a considerable period of time after the fires have been extinguished. This same feature also renders the improved furnace more responsive to changes in its firing.
- a furnace having a heating chamber and an exit passageway for flue gases,'a hollow bridge wall separating said heating chamber from said exit passageway, a plurality of tubes interposed in the space provided in the hollow bridge wall, a plurality of tubes disposed in said exit passageway, and common means for supporting the tubes in said hollow bridge wall and in said exit passageway.
- a furnace having a heating chamber and an exit passageway for flue gases, a; hollow bridge wall separating said heating chamber from said exit passageway, a plurality of tubes interposed in the space rovided in the hollow bridge wall, a plurality of tubes disposed in said exit passageway, and common means for supporting the tubes in said hollow bridge wall and in said exit passageway comprising a pluralityof metallic beams transversely anchored in said hollow bridge wall.
Description
y 1933- M. W. BARNES 1,908,103
HEATING OF FLUIDS Filed Nov. 8, 1930 been applied an Patented May 9, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MARION W. BARNES, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOB TO UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION'OF SOUTH DAKOTA HEATING OF FLUIDS v Application filed November 28, 1930. Serial No. 498,830.
This invention relates to improvements in heating fluids and refers particularl the improved method and means of e ciently utilizing the relatively high temperatures encountered in the combustion zone of a furnace to supply heat to fluid undergoing treatment.
The concepts of the present invention permit its use in heatin any fluid and the principles of the invention may be applied to any type of furnace. The embodiment herein described is, however, particularly adapted to the heating of hydrocarbor oils 1n either a liquid or vaporous state, or partially in both, to high temperatures such as those employed in cracking.
Briefly described, the invention comprises utilizin that portion or portions of a furnace w ere relativelyhot combustion gas and/or flame temperatures are encountered, to supply heat to the fluid undergoin treatment through a suitable protecting s eet or other barrier which may protect the fluid conduit from direct impingement of the flame and the destructive action of excessively hot combustion gases.
The attached diagrammatic drawing lllllS- trates one particular type of furnace, such as utilized in cracking hydrocarbon oils, to which the princi les of the invention have in conjunction with the following description will serve to more clearly illustrate the features of the invention. The invention is, however, not limited to the type of furnace shown in the drawin or to any other specific type of furnace. %lombustion'zo ne 1 of the furnace may be supplied with combustible materials through one or a plurality of tunnel structures 2 having firing compartment 3 and air ducts 4 and 5, re ulated respectively by dampers 6 and 7 ombustible mixtures such as, for example, fuel oil and steam may be supplied to firing tunnel 3 through burner 8. t is to be understood of course, that other types of fuel such as gas, pulverized solid fuel or the like, may be used.
Tubes 9 are disposed along the front wall 10 and roof 11 of the furnace and receive primarily radiant heat from the flame and gases in combustion zone 1 and the surrounding walls and floor 12 of the furnace. Tubes 13 located near the rear wall 14 of the furnace receive substantially convection or fluid heat from the combustion gases passing between the tubes to flue 1'3, and bridge wall 15 separates the combustion zone 1 from the convection heating chamber in which is located the bank of said convection tubes.
As an embodiment of one of the primary features of my invention, bridge wall 15 may be provided with a hollow portion 17 in which are disposed tubes 18. The back 19 of bridge wall 15 may preferably be constructed of fire brick or other suitable refractory material and the front 20 may be of any suitable material capable of transmitting radiant heat to tubes 18, such as nickel-chromium bearing alloys, silichrome steel, chrome-iron or other metals capable of withstanding the high temperatures encountered in the combustion zone, or non-metallic materials such as fire clay or carborundum shapes may be employed if desired. Perforated bafiie wall 21 may be provided directly in front of bridge wall 15 to break up the flame and prevent its direct impingement upon the front 20 of the bridge wall.
It is evident that in the case illustrated, the tubes 18, while protected from the destructive action of the flameand hot combustion gases in combustion zone 1, may derive the benefit of the hi h temperatures encountered in this zone fiy-being supplied with heat transmitted through and/or radiated from the front 20 of bridge wall 15. It will be understood that similar benefits may be derived by constructing other walls of the furnace such as front wall 10 and roof 11 with a hollow space similar to that provided at17 and with a protecting front similar to 20. Such embodiments are entirely within the scope of the present invention.
As another feature of the invention supporting beams 22 such as are ordinarily employed to support the tubes 13 of the convection bank may extend through bridge wall 15 and serve as supporting members for tubes 18, serving at the same time to reinforce and stifien bridge wall 15, permitting relativel light and inexpensive construction of t e bridge wall. The light construction of brid wall is also advantageous in coolin the urnace when its operation has been iscontinued as the ordinary massive brid e wall construction retains heat for a considerable period of time after the fires have been extinguished. This same feature also renders the improved furnace more responsive to changes in its firing.
As a specific example of the heating efficiency of that portion of the furnace wherein the features of the present invention are utilized, assuming a temperature of say 1950 F. in the combustion zone and a temperature of say 750 F. in the fluid passing through the bridge wall tubes, the theoretical rate of of heat transfer is in excess of 5,000 B. t. u. per square foot per hour.
It is apparent from the foregoing description that my invention can readily be used in steam boilers and, in general, any fluid heating furnaces.- Hence, I do not wish to be limited to the specific use described, nor the the specific example given.
I claim as my invention:
1. In combination, a furnace having a heating chamber and an exit passageway for flue gases,'a hollow bridge wall separating said heating chamber from said exit passageway, a plurality of tubes interposed in the space provided in the hollow bridge wall, a plurality of tubes disposed in said exit passageway, and common means for supporting the tubes in said hollow bridge wall and in said exit passageway.
2. In combination, a furnace having a heating chamber and an exit passageway for flue gases, a; hollow bridge wall separating said heating chamber from said exit passageway, a plurality of tubes interposed in the space rovided in the hollow bridge wall, a plurality of tubes disposed in said exit passageway, and common means for supporting the tubes in said hollow bridge wall and in said exit passageway comprising a pluralityof metallic beams transversely anchored in said hollow bridge wall.
In testimony whereof I aflix my signature MARION W. BARNES.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US498630A US1908103A (en) | 1930-11-28 | 1930-11-28 | Heating of fluids |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US498630A US1908103A (en) | 1930-11-28 | 1930-11-28 | Heating of fluids |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1908103A true US1908103A (en) | 1933-05-09 |
Family
ID=23981860
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US498630A Expired - Lifetime US1908103A (en) | 1930-11-28 | 1930-11-28 | Heating of fluids |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1908103A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2523971A (en) * | 1946-11-30 | 1950-09-26 | Stone & Webster Eng Corp | Thermal processing apparatus |
-
1930
- 1930-11-28 US US498630A patent/US1908103A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2523971A (en) * | 1946-11-30 | 1950-09-26 | Stone & Webster Eng Corp | Thermal processing apparatus |
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