US1907952A - Fluid pressure operated well pump - Google Patents

Description

May 9, 1933. GAGE 1,907,952

FLUID PRESSURE O PERATED WELL PUMP Original Filed April 10, 1931 z'sneets-sheet 1 /8 /a 2y 1 v Inven/ar.

(9 JIM/2w? 6, Gaye May 9, 1933. A. cs. GAGE FLUID I RESSURE OPERATED WELL PUMP Driginal Filed April 10, 1931 .2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ARTHUR Genera, or nos ansnrnsfcanironnm FLUID PRESSURE OPERATED WELL PUMP Application filed April 10, 1931,, Serial No. 529,060. Renewed flctober 7, iasa, I

This invention has to do with deep well a pumps of the pressure fluid operated type in which the pump plunger or piston is operated by high pressure fluid delivered to the pump from the ground surface. And the invention may be further characterized as dealing more particularly with pumps of this character in which the plunger is operated by compressible fluid, SllCllriIS gas or air.

In certain common types of pressure fluid operated pumps, the pump plunger is moved by the alternate application of high pressure actuating fluid to opposing pressure areas 7 on the plunger, and the pressure fluid used in operating the plunger on its pumping stroke is discharged to the well or to the column of well liquid being pumped, upon the return stroke of the plunger. Thepres dent type of pump difiers broadly in one respect, from the usual fluid pressure oper-' ated pumps operated in the manner stated,

in that the fluid used to move the on its pumping stroke, instead of being. ischargedto the well or pumpingcolumn, is

utilized in operating the plunger on its return stroke; In. accordance with the invention, the compressible operating fluid is delivered to the plunger barrel below the plunger so as to move the latter on itsup stroke, and at a predetermined point in the plunger travel, and substantially at the limit of its up stroke, the supply of pressure fluid to the pump from the supply c'onduit is cut' off, and the fluid in the lower portion of the plunger barrel utilized in raising the plunger, is transferred to the upper portion of the barrel above the plunger so as to move the latter on its return or down stroke. V

In my preferred embodiment of the inven- 40 tion, the delivery of the presure fluid to the plunger barrel to raise the plunger on its up stroke, and the transfer of that fluid from the lower interior of the barrel below the plunger to the upper interior thereof above the'plunger, is regulated by'a plunger controlled valve mechanism in the head of the pump above the plunger barrel. It is to be understood that in its broad aspects, the invention contem lates' controlling the application of pressure fluid,

plun er brought about by so forming the plunger and pressure applied to the lower pressure area of Y the provision of an suitable means or so either directly, or indirectly, to the plunger, and that the hereinafter described type of valve construction and arrangement is to be considered merely as typicalof any suitable means for controlling'the operation of the plunger. ll may state that the hereinafter described Valve mechanism isgene'rally similar to that described in my copending application on valve mechanism for Fluid pressure operated well pumps, Ser. No. 529,059, flledon even date herewith, whichapplication deals with improvements whereby the Valve parts are held or locked in position "by means pt fluid presure.

In'the. operation of the present pump, at w substantially the limit of the plunger up stroke the interior of the plunger barrel below the plunger is put into communication with that above the plunger so as to permit the transfer of pressure fluid to the upper pressure area on the plunger. In order for the pressure so applied to the upper ressure area of the plunger to operate the p unger on its down stroke, means is provided whereby the efl'ective pressure applied to the plungerto move it downwardly is greater than the pressure applied to the lower pressure area of'the plunger resisting its downward movement. This application of difl'erential pressures is," A

the plunger barrel assembly that the pressure ,fluid acting downwardly against the plunger islap'plied to the comparatively greater pressure area on the plunger than the fluid in the lower interior of the barrel acting upwardly against the plunger. The present plunger and plunger barrel assembly constructionis generally similar to that comprising the sub- 'ject matter of my copending application on Oil well pump, Ser. No. 109,098, filed May 14, 1926.

During the up stroke of the plunger, the pressure applied toflits upper. end, and whichpressure is overcome by the operating fluid the plunger, consists of the pumping column pressure applied to oneportion of the upper end area of the plunger plus the well pressure I or pumping column pressure applied to the remainder of that-area. And on its down 9 stroke the piston is operated by the difieren invention, I shall now proceed to a detailed description of a typical form of pump embodying the invention, from which description the various objects and structural features of the pump will be readily apparent. Reference is had for purposes of description to the accompanying drawings, in which v Fig. 1 is a medial longitudinal and developed sectional view of the pump, the various valve parts and passages in the valve headbeing shown in a single plane for purposes of clarity; I Fig. 2 is a view similar to-Fig. 1 showing the plunger at the opposite end of its stroke and the valve parts in corresponding positions; and q 3,4, 5, 6 and 7 are sectional views on llnes 33, 44, 55, 66, 77 of Fig. 1, the sectional views illustrated in Figs. 3 to 7 showing the true relative positions of the various valve parts, ports and passages in the valve head. I

Referring first to Figs. land 2, the pump,

generally indicated at P is shown to be carried on the lower end of the well pipe 10, the latter being lowered within the well casing,

not shown, and the pump during operation being submerged beneath the standing level of the well liquid. The pump comprises an upper valve head 11 threaded on the well pipe at 10a, and a lower plunger and plunger barrel assembly section, generally indicated at 12. The barrel assembly comprises .an outer pipe or casing 13 joined to the valve head at 14, and a piston barrel 15 extending concentrically within the casing 13 and annularly spaced therefrom at 16, the piston barrel being similarly mounted on the valve head at 17. The lower end of the casing 13 is closed by a tubular plug 18 carrying a dependlng sleeve 19 within the lower reduced section of the plunger works, as will presently appear. The lower end of the plunger barrel 15 is spaced at 20 from the bottom closure 18 of the casing in order to provide for communication between ,the annular space 16 and the piston chamber 21.

Within the barrel assembly is a tubular plunger, generally denoted at 22, comprising an Intermediate piston section 23 and upper and lower reduced diameter extensions 24 and 25, the latter working within sleeve 19 and having a sliding fit therewith. It will be noted that the lower plunger section 25 is of somewhat greater diameter than section 24, so that there is provided an upwardly facing pressure surface 26 on the piston 23 of greater area than the downwardly facing pressure surface 27, reasons for which will hereinafter appear. Plug 18 is formed with a centrally raised area 18a to arrest the downward travel of the plunger at a point such that the piston section 23 will not be permitted to cover the annular opening at 20 and thereby cut off communication between space 16 and the piston chamber 21. The upper plunger section 24 projects upwardly within a pipe sleeve 28 depending from the lower end of the valve head 11, the plunger having a sliding fit within said sleeve.

It may be mentioned at this point that during the down stroke of the plunger, throughout which the latter is moved by fluid pressure applied to the piston area 26, well liquid is taken upwardly through the plunger into the pumping chamber 30, a foot valve 31 being placed within the lower tubular plunger section 25 for the usual purpose. During the upward movement of the plunger as a result of the application of fluid pressure to the downwardly facing piston area 27, the well liquid taken into the pumping chamber 30 is discharged through the valve head into the well pipe, 10, or what will hereinafter be termed the pumping column.

The liquid in chamber 30 is discharged upwardly into the pumping column by way of bore 32 extending continuously through the valve head 11, there being a check valve 33 at the upper end of said bore to prevent return flow into the pumping chamber.- The delivery of pressure fluid to the piston chamber, and also the transfer of the fluid from said chamber below the piston to the upper interior above the piston, is controlled by a valve mechanism comprising a pilot valve 34 and a master valve 35 contained within bores 36 and 37, respectively. Valve 34 comprises a plurality of piston sections 34a, 34b, 34c,and 34d, interconnected by rod sectlons of reduced diameter. It will be noted that the lower portion 36a of the pilot valve bore is of somewhat increased diameter, and that the diameter of the lower plunger section 34d, correspondingly increased, reasons for which, will appear hereinafter. Depending from the lower piston section 34d is a valve operating rod 38 extending downwardly into the pumping chamber 30 through a stulfing box sleeve 39 in the lower end of the pilot valve bore. The master valve 35 also comprises a plurality of piston sections 35a, 356, 350 and 35d interconnected by reduced diameter rod sections. q

The high pressure fluid for operating the plunger is delivered to the pump by way of conduit or tube 40 extending downwardly within the well pipe 10 and connecting with the valve head at the upper end of bore 41. The latter is communicable with the master valve bore 37 by way of ports 42 and 43, and with the pilot valve bore 36, by way of port 38. The master valve bore is communicable at its upper and lower ends at points ."illl hepond the valve with the ilot valve here h wayol passages'flfi and t there also hein a passage t8 interconnecting the said va ve hores. Master valve here 3'? communicates with space it hetween plunger harrel tuhes l3 and 15 lay way oi, the annular space Zita hetween the valve head and easing l3; and a transverse passage 50 extending to space the in opposite directions from the valvez hore, Passage 51 leading from here so tothe upper (end of here 36 share the pilot valve serves to put the master valve here into communication with the pilot valve here The master valve here also commun cates with the piston charnher 2i hv @Li a passage 52. i lligtending transversely from here ports 5t, 5513, and port 56 openinginto the pilot and master valve horas,v respectively, in Fig, l l shovr a passage 57 leading trern here transversely through the valve head. and easing l3 into the well, nipple 58 heinpg' inserted through an opening in the easing and into here 5? to conduct the ftlew. aerees the annular space the, ln 2 ll sheiv instead or a passage leading here 53 to it e "well a passage 5%) from here 551% into column, or interior oil the well pipe, As vvillhereinalter here 535 either the well or pump ing celuniu in accordance with the pre'lerred method or"? operating pum v The upper and levverencls oil the valve here are'closed hy ineans till provided with small extensions til which pro acct within a here a distance sutficient to arrest the travelioil the valve such points that it will not close otl the openings ei. sages alt: and t? into the valve horen The pilot valve here is similarly closed at its upper end hy means ell plug an extension 63 whichus engaged hy the valve to prevent closing-oil passage The pilot valve 3t is intermittently operated hy the plunger lay way oi the depending valve rod 3%.. ll. spider 66 having openings 5? to permitthe passageel aura therethrough, is can ried in the and oil the upper plunger section at, the valve rod thentending through a central opening in the spider and having a pair el spaced lugs wand 69 which are on paged lay the spider near the ends of the down and up strokes, respectively. ol the plunger. l shall now descrihefi-the operation at the ta pump assuming first the vplunger and valve parts to he in the positionsshowxiin Fig. l, A compressible high pressure operating fluid, such as gas or airfis delivered'to'hore 41 through conduit 40 and; conducted through port 42, the master v-alve'hore lee-1 tweeii valve sections 35a and 35b, passage 50, and to the lower end of the piston chain:

her 21 beneath the piston 23 hy way of the annular space 16, The pressure so applied 7 135 to the lower pressure area 27 of the piston .ol the valve.

causes the plunger to move onv its'up strohew in Fig. l, the nuaste'rvalve is held in raised ppsition hy virtue oil the difierential in pressure hetween the operating fluid pressure and the well pressure. Thus the operating fluid W pressure is applied to'the lower end ol the valvehv way of port 88, the pilot valve here hetween valve sections 3% and 34m, and passage t7. W ell pressure is applied to the upper end at the master valve hv corninunication of the valve here with the well through passage t6, the pilot valve here hetween valve sections t le and 3th, port 55, here 5 8 and passage 57. lln case as in Fig. 2 here 53 is put into communication wit r thepuinping eelunin thy here hill instead oi the well, pumping column pressure will he applied to the upper end or the master valve, 37 way passage all, the pilot valve here port 55, and here 59, The operating fluid pressure will oi course-he suhstantially greater than the well or pumping column pressure and the dillerential therehetvveen will he suhicient to holdthe master valve in raised positlon l ri state at this point that as the master i e is lirern lower to upper posi tieni, fluid in the upper end the valve here is displaced, in l, into the well, in into the pumping eel-Luann to permit upward movement of the t" ve oi pa port 525 and hi and pa port .55 and here 59 respectively. ilistlie plunger nears the end oil strol the spider ett'engages upper the pilot valve to he the position a valve lhw'er posi= tien icy plication at high pressure to upper hp way oi pert the pilot passage a According to the in Fig.1 well pressure is apto lower end of the valve through passage l'l, port 3t, passages 53 and 57.

in 92 pumping colurnn pressure is applied llll to thelower end oi? the master valve due to the communication ol here with the pumping colpinn through here till, instead oi with the .vveil.

Upon noveinent oil the master valve to its till lowerpos'ition, delivery of high pressure operatingflluid to the pump is cut ed hy the closing ol port 42 hy the upperpiston section At the same time the piston chamher heneath the piston 23 is put in com- -t munication with the upper portion of the chainher shov the piston hy way of the vannular space 16, passage 50, the master valve here hetween valve sections 35a, 35?), and passage 52.. A comparatively greater pressure is 7125 applied to the plunger to rnove the latter downward than the upwardly a plied pressure acting against its downwar movement, hy'virtue of the differential areas of the opposing piston laces 26 and'27. Because of 0 ve here valve, sections 3% and Elle,

. the greater cross sectional areas of the piston chamber abov the piston as compared with the cross sectional area of the chamber below the piston, as the plunger moves downward the pressure fluid will eventually occupy a greater volume in the chamber'above the piston than its original volume below the piston when the plunger was in'its upperposition. Therefore as the plunger moves -downward, there will be an expansion of pressure fluid in said chamber above the piston, and of com se, a decrease in the pressure differential on the piston areas-26 and 27. However, the relative diameters of the upper and lower plunger sections 24 and 25 will be so proportioned that a differential in pressure will at all times be maintained on the pressure areas of the piston sufficient to move the plunger throughout its down stroke even thoughthe actual pressure of the fluid may decrease. weight of the plunger will of course also, in addition to the pressure differential, be effective in causing its downward movement.

- Throughout the up stroke of the plunger, the well liquid in pumping chamber 30 is discharged into the pumping column through bore 32, and during the plunger down stroke, the well liquid is taken into the pumping chamber upwardly through the plunger past the foot valve 31. The spent plunger actuating fluid in chamber 21 above the piston section may bedischarged,during the plunger up stroke, either to the Well by way of passage 52, the mastervalve bore between valve sections 35b, 350, port 56 and passages 53 and 57, in Fig. 1, orto the pumping column as shown in Fig. 2, through passage'59 leading from 53. The latter method of operation may be preferred in some instances due'to the effect of the gas released into the passage column,

in acting in the manner of a gas lift to aid in raising the pumped liquid to the ground surface.

i Ihave previously pointedout that the master valve is held,or substantially locked, in its upper and lower positions by virtue of differential fluid pressures applied to its 0pposite ends. 'It will also be noted that the pilot valve likewise is held in its two positions of adjustment by differential fluid pressures at its opposite ends. Thus in Fig. 2,

operating fluid pressure is applied to the lower annular area 73 of the valve section 84d, by waylof port 43, the master valve bore between valve sections 350 and 35d, and passage l8. The pressure within the piston chamber is applied to the upper end of the pilot valve by way of annular space 16, passage 50, and passage 51. As previously mentioned, pilot valve section 34d is of comparatively greater diameter than the upper section 3411. This provision is made in order that the'pressure area 73 on the lower valve section will be made more nearly equal, or if desired greater than the pressure area on The the upper end of the valve so as to increase the pressure differential holding the valve up. An additional downwardpressure on the valve is of course exerted in accordance with the pumping column pressure applied ferential supporting the valve will be in-' creased by increasing the area against which the high pressure fluid is applied.

The pilot valve similarly is held in the lower position of Fig. 1, by the application of high pressure fluid to its upper end through port 42, and passages 50 and 51. The lower end of the valve however is sealed off from the application of fluid pressure thereto, by the closing of passage 48 by the lower section 35d of the master valve.

I claim:

1. A fluid pressure operated well pump comprising, a plunger barrel adapted to be submersed in the well liquid, a tubular plung erin said barrel and a check valve in the plunger, well liquid being taken upwardly through said tubular plunger, means for applying gaseous actuating fiuid to a pressure area on said plunger to move the plunger in one direction, and means for applying the fluid utilized in moving the piston in said direction, against an opposing pressure area on said plunger to move the plunger in a reverse direction. p

2..A fluid pressure operated well pump comprising, a plunger barrel adapted to be submersed in the well liquid, a tubular plunger in said barrel and a check valve in the plunger, well liquid being taken upwardly through said tubular plunger, means for applying gaseous actuating fluid to a pressure area on said plunger to move the plunger in one direction, means for cutting off the sup- 'ply of actuating fluid to said barrel at a predetermined point in the piston travel, and means for applying the fluid utilized in moving the piston in said direction, against an opposing pressure area on said plunger to move the plunger in a reverse direction.

3. A fluid pressure operated well pump comprising, 'a plunger barrel adapted to be submersed in the well liquid, a tubular plunger in said barrel and a check valve in the plunger, well liquid being taken upwardly through said tubular plunger, said plunger having oppositely facing and differentialpressure areas, means for applying gaseous actuating fluid to one of said pressure areas to move the plunger in one direction, and means for applying the fluid utilized in moving the piston in said direction, against the said chamber and a check valve in'said neonate opposing pressure area on the plunger to liuuid a tubular plunger in said chamber and a check valve in the plungerfwell liquid he ing taken upwardly. through said tubular plunger, means for applying gaseous actuating fluid to the lower portion of said chamher and against a downwardly lacing pressure area on the plunger to move the plunger on its up strolre, and means for transterring the fluid, used in moving the plunger on its up stroke, to an upper portion of said chamher and for applying said fluid to an upvvardly lacing pressure area on said plunger to move the latter onitsdown stroke,

5, ll fluid pressure operated Well pump comprising, a vertically extending plunger chamber, a'plunger in said chamloer, means,

for applying gaseous actuating fluid to the lower portion of saidchamher and againsta downwardly lacing pressure area on the plunger to move the plunger on its up stroke, means for transferring the fluid usedinmoving the plunger onits up'strolie, to an upper portion oil said chamloer and for applying said fluid to an upwardly. facing I pressure area on said plunger to move the-latter on its dovvn stroke, and means lion-then, exhausting spent actuatingfluid into the ell.

fl, A fluid pressure operated Well pump comprising, a plunger barrel, a plunger in said loarrel, meanslor applying gaseous ac tuating fluid to a pressure area on said plunger to move the plunger in one direction, means torapplying the fluid utilized in moving the piston in saiddirection, against an.

opposing pressure areaon said plunger to move the plungerin a reverse direction, and

means "lor then exhausting the spent actuat ing fluid into the well. r

' '3. A fluid pressure operated well pump adapted to exhaust the Well liquid upwardly into a pumping column, comprising a plunger harreh-a plunger in said barrel,

' means tor applying gaseous actuating fluid to a pressure area on said plunger'to move the plungerin one direction, means for applying the fluid utilized in moving the piston f in said direction, against an opposing preslid sure area on said plunger to move theplunger in a'reverse' dlrectlon, and means for then dischargihg the spent actuating fluid into said pumping column.

v 8. A fluid pressure operated well pump comprising, a valve head, a plunger chamber helowthe valve head, a tubular plunger in plunger, well liquid being taken into said means for transferring the fluid used in moving the plunger on its up stroke, to an up her portion of said chamher and tor apply the valve head,means tor applying gaseous actuating fluid to a pressure area on said v plunger to move the plunger on its up stroke, means ,lor transferring the fluld used in moving the plunger on its up strolre, through l the valve head to an upper portion otsaid chamber and for applying said fluid to an upwardly facing pressure area on said plunger to move the latter on its dovvn stroke, .looth said means including piston controlled valve means insaid head for controlling the delivery ot actuating fluid to said plunger chamher and the transference of the actuating fluid :lrom'the' lovver'to the upper portion of said chamber. r

' it). it fluid pressure operated vvell pump comprising, a valve head, a plunger chem" her below the valve head, a plunger in said chamloer, means for applying gaseous actuating fluid to a pressure area on said plunger to move the plunger on its up 'strolre, means tor transferring the fluid in moving the plunger on its up strolre, to an upper portion a and valve means in said headcomprising a j piston-actuated pilot valve, and a pressure operated master valve controlled by the pilot valve 11. in a vvell'pump'adaptedto discharge the well liquid upvvardly into a pumping column, the comhination comprising,. a

pumping barrel and a piston harrel, a plunger having an upper section in said ing loarrel and a comparatively larger di-' ameter piston section in said piston harrel means for applying gaseous actuating fl to said piston chamber and against a downwardly facing area on said piston section to move the plunger on its-up stroke, and meansfor applying the fluid utilized in movingthe plunger on 1ts up stroke toan upwardly facing pressurearea on said piston section to I move the plunger downwardly.

12. In a well' pump adapted to discharge the Well liquid upwardly into a pumping column, the combination comprising, a 1 pumping barrel and a piston harrel, a plunger having an upper section in said to said piston chamber and against a downwardly facing area on said piston section to move the plunger on its up stroke, and means for applying the fluid utilized in moving the plunger on its up stroke to an upwardly facing pressure area on said piston section to movethe plunger downwardly, the last mentioned pressure area of the piston being comparatively larger than said downwardly facing area.

13. In a well pump adapted to discharge the well liquid upwardly into a pumping column, the combination comprising, a pumping barrel and a piston barrel, a plunger having an upper section in said pumping barrel and a comparatively larger diameter piston section in said piston barrel. means for applying gaseous actuating fluid to said piston chamber and against a downwardly facing area on said piston section to move the plunger on its up stroke, means for applying the fluid utilized in moving the plunger on its up stroke to an upwardly facing pressure area on said piston section to move the plunger downwardly, and means for discharging spent actuating fluid from said piston barrel into the well.

14. In a well pump adapted to discharge the well liquid upwardly into a pumping column, the combination comprising, a pumping barrel and a piston barrel, a plunger having an upper section in said pumping barrel and a comparatively larger diameter piston section in said piston barrel, means for applying gaseous actuating fluid to said piston chamber and against a downwardly facing area on said piston section to move the plunger on its up stroke, means for applying the fluid utilized in moving the plunger on its up stroke to an upwardlv facing pressure area on said piston section to move the plunger downwardly. and means for discharging spent actuating fluid from said piston barrel into said pumping column.

15. In a well pump adapted to discharge the well liquid upwardly into a pumping column. the combination,com rising, a valve head. a pumping barrel and a piston barrel. a plunger having an upper sect on in said pumping barrel and a comparatively larger diameter piston section in said piston barrel,

. ferring the fluid used in moving the plunger on its up stroke, through sa d valve head into the piston chamber above an upwardly'fao ing area on the piston, therebv moving the plunger on its down stroke,said means comprising a pilot valve operated by the plunger,

and afluid pressure operated master valve controlled by said pilot valve, said valves controlling the flow of actuating fluid to said piston chamber and the transference therein from the underside to the upper side of the piston. p 16. A fluid pressure operated well pump comprising, a plunger barrel, a plunger in said barrel, means for applying gaseous act-uating fluid to a pressure area on said plunger to move the plunger in one direction, means for applying the fluid utilized in moving the piston in said direction, against anopposing pressure area on said plunger to movethe plunger in a reverse direction, the first men tioned means including a valve adapted to be intermittently operated by said plunger,

and means for'h'olding said valve in one pos1- piston in said direction, against an opposing pressure area on said plunger to move the plunger in a reverse direction, the first mentioned means including a valve adapted to be intermittently operated by said plunger, and means for holding said valve in two positions by fluid pressure.

18. A fluid pressure operated well pump comprising, a plunger barrel, a plunger in said barrel, said plunger having oppositely facing and difl'erential pressure areas, means for applying gaseous actuating fluid to one of said pressure areas to move the plunger in one direction, means for applying the fluid utilized in moving the piston in said direction, against the opposing pressure area on the plunger to move the plunger in a reverse comprising, a plunger barrel, a plunger 1n said barrel, said plunger having oppositely facing and difl'erential pressure areas, means 'for applying gaseous actuating fluid to one of said pressure areas to move the plunger in one direction, means for applying the fluid utilized in moving the piston in said direction, against the opposing pressure area on the plunger to move the plunger in a reverse direction, the first mentioned means including a valve for controlling the application of said actuating fluid to the plunger, and means for alternately applying differential pressures to opposite ends of said valve.

- 20. A fluid pressure operated well pump comprising, a plunger barrel, a plunger in said barrel, means for applying gaseous actuating fluid to a pressure area on said plunger to move the plunger in one direction, means for applying the fluid utilized in moving the piston in said direction, against an opposing pressure area on said plunger to move the plunger in a reverse direction, the first mentioned means including a valve for controlling the application of said actuating fluid to the plunger, and means forholding said valve in one position by fluid pressure.

21. A fluid pressure operated well pump comprising, a plunger barrel, a plunger in said barrel, means for applying gaseous actuating fluid to a pressure area on said plunger to move the plunger in one direction, means for applying the fluid utilized in moving the piston in said direction, against an opposing pressure area on sa1d -plunger to move the plunger in a reverse direction, the first mentioned means lncludlng a valve for control-,

ling the application of said actuating fluid to the plunger, and means for alternately ap- C plying the plunger actuating fluid pressure to opposite ends of said valve.

22. A fluid pressure operated well pump comprising, a valve head, a plunger chamber below the valvehead, aplu'nger in said chamber, means forming fluid passages forconsaid valves.

ducting gaseous actuating, fluid to a pressure area on said plunger to move the-plunger on its up stroke, means forming fluid passages.- for transferring the fluid used in moving theplunger on its up stroke, to an upper portion of said chamber and for applying said fluid to an upwardly facing pressure area on said plunger to move the latter on its down stroke, and valve means in said head compris- 'ing a piston actuated pilot valve and a fluid pressure operated master valve controlled by the pilot valve, saidv master valve controlling the application of actuating fluid to the piston, and means for alternately applying differential fluid Inwitness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto "subscribed my name this 4th day of September 1930.

ARTHUR Gr. GAGE.

pressures to opposite ends of

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