US1903364A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

April 4, 1933. wl s. GRANT Er AL 3,903,364

OIL BURNER Filed May 20,"1950 2 Sheets-Sheet l "l WF N r* X Francis 5haap.-

Aprldn 1933. W. s, GRAN? ET AL 903,364

OIL BURNER Filed May 26 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Wmfz'el'd @rant Francas f7. ioap.

ATTORN EYS- Patented Apr. 4.31933y UNITED 4STATES PATENT OFFICE s. GRANT AND FRANcIs n. snoer, orDRTRoIr, MICHIGAN I oII. BURNER l Application led VKay 20, 1980. Serial No. 454,127.

This invention relates to an improved oil burner and particularly to fuel igniting and fuel feeding apparatus thereof.

The main objects of the invention are to vli provide igniting apparatus which is located in a duct through which air is drawn to a' combustion chamber; to provide apparatus of this kind which is spaced substantially from the combustion chamber and subjected to an air current so. as to protect the apparatus a ainst excessive tem eratures; and to provi e a fuel inlet in an air duct of this kind l for feedino' fuel to the igniting apparatus.

Other objects of the invention are to provide a separate, replaceable nozzle in the inlet of an oil burner fire pot which extends into the combustion chamber thereof; to provide a nozzle of this kind which extends through the passage of the inlet 'of the fire pot 1n spaced relation to the walls thereof and which is attached to an air supply conduit at the junction of these two elements of the burner; to provide fuel igniting'apparatu's in the adjacent ends of the nozzle and air from the combustion chamber of the burner and where the apparatus is subjected to a substantial cooling effect by the air blast;

this kind and to provide igniting means of enclosed in a tubular shield.

Further objects ofthe invention are to rovide a 4fuel feeding system which normaly discharges fuel in a liquid state into the tubular shield of the ignitmg apparatus and directly upon the heating element soV as to initiallyignite some o f the fuel at the inlet end of the nozzle when the fire is'being started; to provide means for conveying that .portion of the fuel which is not taken up b 40 the forced air current in the tubular shield: or ignited, to a foraminous element or pad by which it is absorbed and again presented fwwto the.forced air current at the outlet end of the nozzle; to provide a shield of this kind which is adapted to direct the flame resulting blast conduit at a somewhat remote location from the initial ignition of the fuel onto the absorbent pad so as to, in turn, ignite the fuel that isvaporized from the pores of the pad and the fuel which is blown from the latter by the air flow in the air conduit and carried 5o A in to the combustion cham r; to provide a. baffle which extends into the bod of the pad for shielding the lower portion ofy the forami-' nous element from the air current so as to allow the fuel supplied thereto to be thoroughly distributed throughout the foraminous structure of the pad by absorption; to provide a baflie of this kind which permits the fuelv to flow byabsorpt'lion into close proximity of the flame exposed region of the path o0 beforethe fuel is subjected tothe direct action of the forcedair current, thereby ignit-A ing the fuel in the pathprior to its discharge into the fire pot; and to provide an absorbing pad of this kind which is spaced from the 65 An illustrative embodiment of our invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a plan view, partly in section, of an oil burner embodying our invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical central section taken on 75 the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 and showing the blower or fan of the oil burner in fragmentary side elevation. i

Fig. 3is an enlarged, fragmentary section ofthe 'discharge end of-the air supply con- 80 duit showing the firepot, fuel nozzle and fuel igniting apparatus in detail.

ig. 4 is a vertical section taken on the line l 4,-4 of Fig. 3. l -4 In the form shown, our improved oil burner includes a support or base 1 on which 'a motor I 2 and fan or blower 3 are mounted. The fan' 3 includes a casing which has an air inlet tube 4 having a throttle val-ve 5 therein which is provided with actuating mechanism inc1ud-4 90 which includes a cylindrical body lpart 12l having a lining 13 therein which is preferably formed of refractory material such as re clay that is adapted to withstand high temperatures. Provided around the outer periphery of the lining is a diaphragm 13 which, together with the bowl shaped lire pot and tangential feeding of fuel and air thereto, prevents unburned liquid fuel from escaping from the fire pot, and also causes discharge of the llame from the pot ina direction normal to the axis of the pot. The spout 11 of the fire pot has a peripheral flange 14 on its outer extremity which registers with the flange 10 of the air supply conduit 8. The fire pot is located in a furnace having a front wall 8 and is provided with a nozzle 15 having an outer end which registers with the outlet end of the air supplly conduit 8 and on which is rovided a ange 16, yregistering with the anges 10 and 14 ofthe conduit'8 and spout 11. These flanges are firmly clamped together with screws 17 which extend through registering apertures therein as shown in Fig. 2. With this construction, the fire pot, nozzle and air blast conduit are detachably held together and the nozzle 15 is supported so that its sides are spaced from the inner periphery of the spout 11 and its `discharge end is located in the combustionV chamber 18 of the fire pot.

The bottom wall 19 of the lining 13 of the lire pot is provided with an arcuately shaped recess 20 which leads from the discharge end ofthe nozzle, substantially half way aroundl the inner periphery of the lining, as shown in Fig. 1. This recess has van upwardly inclined extremity 21 'and an upstanding inner arcu ate side edge. Thev discharge end of the nozzle v15 extends into the recess 20 so asto discharge both air and fuel thereintowhen the blower 3 is in operation. The incoming fuel and air is projected against the wall of the fire pot from which some of the fuel rebounds and strikes against the upstanding side of the recess. This action augments the turbulence of the mixture and the side wall reflects the heavy particles of unvaporized fuel back towards the side wall of the fire pot preventing escapement of the unvaporized fuel from beneath the flanges 13. I

Mounted in the interior ofthe air supply conduit 8 is a metal tube or shield 22 which is supported by bolts 23 mounted on the lower side of the conduit 8, the axis of the tube 22 support 24 having yend flanges 25 and 26 extends into the tube 22 and is spaced therefrom by insulating material 27 the support 24 being ri idly secured to the tube 22 by screws .l

:The flange 26 on the right end of the support 24, as Viewed in Fig. 2, is provided with a contact elementl 32.

Extending between the contact elements 3L and 32 is a resistant heating element 33 that is electrically connected in series with an electric circuit 34 by terminal wires 35 and 36. The wire 35 is attached to the contact element 31 which is insulated from the resilient arm 30 and the terminal wire 36 is attached to the support 24 which iselectrically connected with the contact element 32. W'iththis construction, an electrical current is passed through the heating element 33, thereby causing it to become hot and'possibly incandescent.

lA fuel inlet pipe 37 extends through registerin apertures 38'I and. 39 in the conduit 8 and tu 22 respective-lyand has a discharge end directly over theheating element 33 so as todischarge fuel thereon. The 'tube 22 is provided with an outlet aperture 40 which registers with'a trough 41 that is mounted on the tube 22 and extended downwardly toward the fire pot for receiving the fuel in excess of the amount'which is ignited by the heating element 33 and driven into the re pot by the air current during starting of a lire. Mounted at the discharge end of the 15 having an aperture for receiving the trough 41 is imbedded at its outer end in the material of the pad 42. The baille 43 shields the lower portion of the pad from the'vdirect action of the air current which is created in the registering passages ofthe iconduit 8 and nozzle 15 by the blower. The

trough 41 conveys the liquid fuel in excess of that amount which is either ignited in the tube 22 or carried therefrom by the air current, to the pad 42.

In operation, when the circuit 34 is closed the resistance element 33 is heated and fuel dripping thereon from the inlet 37 is ignited. Some of the fuel introduced into the tube 22 is blown directly into the fire pot by the air current and some of the fuel drips through the opening 40 in the tube and is conveyed by the trough .41 to the pad 42 where it is absorbed and again-presented to the air current.

r The ignited fuel in the tube 22` forms a ame which is directed by the discharge end of the tube onto the pad 42, thereby igniting the fuel in the latter. After the fuel which 1,903,364l n f is accumulated by the pad 42`is ignited, the circuit 34is o ened and the element 33 is rapidly cooled y the air current. The ame is thus extinguished and further burning,

.5 during a high fire, occurs at the pad 42 tance from the combustion chamber so as to protect the heating element and other parts from the excessively high temperatures of combustion.` The continuous draft of air passing through the duct is also a materia-1 factor in retaining the igniting apparatus at a suitable temperature when the latter is inoperative;

l Formal 'changes may be made in the specific embodiment of the invention described without departing from theospirit and-substance of the broad'invention, the scope of which is commensurate with the appended claims.

vWhat we claim is: 1. An 'oil burner including a fire pot and an air supply conduit,a fuel nozzle communicating with said fire pot and conduit respectively, for` supplyinga currentvof air to said fire pot, an absorbent pad at the disi charge Aendofsaid nozzle, igniting apparatus located in the path of said air current,

a fuel inlet for feeding fuel tosaid igniting apparatus, means associated with said igniting apparatus for collecting the excess fuel suppliedthereto and conveying the same yto said' pad, said means being ada ted to dis, charge ignited fuel upon s-aid'pa when said/li iUnitmO' apparatus 1s energized.

b2. Ail oil burner including a re pot' and an air supply conduit, a fuel nozzle com. municating with said fire pot and conduit respectively for supplying a current of air to said fire pot, an absorbent pad at the disl, charge end of said nozzle, igniting apparatus locatedin .the path of said air current, a fuel inlet for feeding fuel to said ignitsorbent pad at the discharge end` of said nozzle, fuel igniting apparatus in the path of said air current, a-fuel inlet for feedin fuel to said apparatus, means associated wit said heatingapparatus for vcollecting fuel, and a duct at the outlet end of said means for conveying fuel to. said pad, said fuel collectin means being adapted to direct ignited fue towards said pad when said igniting apparatus is energized.

5. An oil burner including an air supply tube vand a communicating nozzle, an absorbent pad at the discharge end of said nozzle, fuel igniting apparatus in the path of said air current, a fuel inlet for feeding fuel to said ap aratus, a tube surrounding said apparatus or collecting fuel, a baille in said nozzle shielding a portion of said podfrom said air current and duct at the end of said tube projecting through an openin in said baffle for conveying fuel to sa1d pa v6. An oil burner 'including an air sup ly conduit and a communicating nozzle, a e1 accumulating member at the discharge end of said nozzle, fuel igniting appara-tus inthe path of said air current, atube surroundin said apparatushaving a fueloutlet, a fue inletr 'communicating with said tube adapted. to feed fuel to said igniting apparatus, and means communicating with said outlet for conveyin fuel therefrom to said accumulating mem er.

An oil burner-including an air supply conduit-and a fire pot, a nozzle communicating with said conduit and extending into said fire pot, a fuel accumulating member in said nozzle,l fuel igniting apparatus "in the path of said air current, a tube-surroundin said apparatus having a fueloutlet, a fue inlet communicating with said tube adapted to feed fuel to said igniting ap aratus, and means communicating'with said outlet for conveying. fuel therefrom to said accumulating member.

8. An oil burner including anl air supply .conduit, a firepot attached thereto having aninlet passage, a. separate nozzle extending through said passage and securedto saidconduit and fire ot'at 'the junction thereof, an absorbent pad) at 'the discharge end of said aratus in the asy- ing apparatus, a tube surrounding said igniting apparatus for collecting the excess fuel supplied to the latter, and a duct at the out-y let end of said tube for conveyingfuel to 55 said pad.

. 3.An dil burner including an air supply ltube and .a `communicating nozzle, an absorbent pad at the discharge end of said `nozzle, fuel igniting apparatus in the path of 60 said air current, a fuel inlet for feeding fuel. to said apparatusyand means surroundin said apparatus for collecting 'fuel supplied thereto and conveying it to said pad.

4. An oil burner including ,an air supply 65 tube and a communicating"V nozzle, an abnozzle, fuel igniting a path of said air current,a fue inlet for feeding fuel to said apparatus, and means surroundin said-apparatusfor collecting fuel supplie ,thereto and conveying it to said pad.

9. An oil burner including a fire pot and 1 a communicating air supply conduit, a nozzle communica-ting withl sa1d conduit and extending into said fire pot an absorbent pad i'n 'the discharlee end of said nozzle and located in said pot, a-heating element in -said conduit having an electrcal'energizingcircuit, a'tube surrounding said heating ele-- ment, a fuelinlet communicating with said tube, a baille for shielding a portion of 130 pad from the air circuit in'said nozzle, and

a duct at the end of saidtube for conveying fuel therefrom to said pad.

y 10. An oil burner including a, fire pot, 5.having 1n-opening in one side thereof, a refractory lining having an arcuate recess in the bottom wall thereof bounded by an inner upstandinfg side Awall and extending substantially hal way around said lining ladjacent 1 the side wllthj'ereof, a, nozzle extending through said" opening and '-into' 'said' fire pot having its discharge end inv said `recess, and I I means for feeding a forced supply of fuel and vair through said nozzle. 15 WINFIELD S. GRANT.

`4FRANCIS H. SHOOP.

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