US1903169A - Insulated container for solid carbon dioxide - Google Patents

Insulated container for solid carbon dioxide Download PDF

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Publication number
US1903169A
US1903169A US530622A US53062231A US1903169A US 1903169 A US1903169 A US 1903169A US 530622 A US530622 A US 530622A US 53062231 A US53062231 A US 53062231A US 1903169 A US1903169 A US 1903169A
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United States
Prior art keywords
gas
carbon dioxide
solid carbon
receptacle
insulation
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US530622A
Inventor
Almon J Cordrey
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ZERO ICE Corp
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ZERO ICE CORP
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Publication date
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Priority to US530622A priority Critical patent/US1903169A/en
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Publication of US1903169A publication Critical patent/US1903169A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/10—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by liquid-circulating or vapour-circulating jackets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0354—Wood
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0604—Liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/221—Welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/228—Assembling processes by screws, bolts or rivets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0176—Solids and gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F17C2260/033—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer by enhancing insulation

Definitions

  • This invention relates to apparatus for handling or utilizing solid carbon dioxide (CO as a refrigerant and for other purposes wherever desired, and comprises an 1mproved insulation, arrangement and construction for the walls of shipping and storage containers, refrigerators, coolers and display cabinets, in which solid carbon dioxide is enclosed or utilized -in liquid or gaseous condition to protect it against heat and to secure uniform distribution.
  • solid carbon dioxide CO as a refrigerant and for other purposes wherever desired
  • the invention aims to take advantage of these properties of solid carbon dioxide for increasing its refrigerant value by utilizing the gas given off when exposed to heat for preventing access of heat-to the interior of the receptacle.
  • insulated receptacles particularly adapted to protecting solid carbon dioxide or other gas forming refrigerant from external heat.
  • the invention also comprises a metallic structure having double walls filled with porous insulation, and provided with pressure tight. inner and outer faces for preventing leakage-of the gaseous refrigerant and its escape'below the tops thereof, and interior in some embodiments it is advantageous to provide baflies for preventingcirculation through the wall insulation except in a serpentine course from within to without, as hereinafter described.
  • tion may be taken as typical of any shipping or storing or dispensing container, the top 11 and bottom 12 are provided with inner and outer metallic liners or facings between which is packed a porous insulating material 13, in the embodiment shown comprising comminuted or ground and dehydrated cork, care being taken to'secure uniformly small particles free from dust and to pack them evenly under slight compression to prevent segregation or fissures and permit uniform permeation by the' refrigerant gas.
  • the sides preferably comprise inner and outer metallic walls 14, 15, between which there may be vertically disposed bafiies 16, secured at their upper edges tothe coping or frame 17 to which the upper edges of the side walls are also fastened, and which is suitably shaped to support the cover.
  • Spaced packing strips 18 may be placed between the frame 17 and lower edge of the cover to seal the joint.
  • the liners, facings and side walls are lapped and secured together at their adjoining edges by rivets, welds or other suitable means to form a rigid, strong container.
  • baflles 16 are spaced above the bottom facing of the receptacle, and rows of holes 19, 20 are provided along the top edges of the inner and outer side walls 14, 15 immediately below the frame 17 to promote circulation of gas through the side wall insulation, as shown by the arrows in the figure.
  • CO gas which in itself is an excellent insulator, and which also removesall but traces of moisture from the cork or other solidinsulating material in the walls, therethe insulation in its most eifiby maintaining cient condition.
  • the cover 11 may be removed from time to time to give ac'cessto theconteiits of the receptacle without. seriously disturbing.
  • gas tigl1t.f&96$,,the,inner face being 'ed at the topto permit passage 0' mit passage of gas from within the receptacle into the intervening wall space, porous insulation in said intervening space, and a sheetlike bafiie extending downward from the top edge of said wall and terminating above the lower edge thereof, said baffle dividing the insulatioirinto layers communicating-at their lower edges, andfperforations in the outer wall face to permit escape of gas from said intervening space.
  • An insulated' -recepta cle for solid CO comprisiii'g'a's ide wall having inner and outer perforatgas from within thewreceptacle into the intervening wall spaceQpoi-Oiisinsulation in said intervening, spacmaand; a sheet-likejbafie extending. downward from the top edge ofsaidwall and, terminating abovathe lower edge there- I la ers' communicatin gat-their, lower ed es,
  • containers having cylindrical side walls provided with concentric inner andouter metallic shells and baffies are.
  • Icecream cabinets and bot tled water coolers and dispensers are common
  • theinvention may be applied to wide variety of' uses,;such as for shipping.
  • An insulated receptacle fora substance vaporizable by heat comprising a side wall havin inner and outer gas tight faces, the

Description

March 8 1 A. J. CORDRJEY INSULATED CONTAINER FOR SOLID CARBON DIOXIDE Filed April 15, 1931 gvwmtoc Alma): J Gar/drag Patented Mar. 28, I 1933 UNITED STATES aws PATENT OFFHCE ALMON J. OORIOREY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO ZERO ICE CORPORATION,
- A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN INSULATED CONTAINER FOR SOLID CARBON DIOXIDE Application filed. April 16,
This invention relates to apparatus for handling or utilizing solid carbon dioxide (CO as a refrigerant and for other purposes wherever desired, and comprises an 1mproved insulation, arrangement and construction for the walls of shipping and storage containers, refrigerators, coolers and display cabinets, in which solid carbon dioxide is enclosed or utilized -in liquid or gaseous condition to protect it against heat and to secure uniform distribution.
It is a well known fact that solid carbon dioxide, when exposed to atmospheric temperature and pressure, will 'sublimate or gasify, Without passing through the liquid phase, the gas produced being cold, substantially dry and an excellent insulator. The invention aims to take advantage of these properties of solid carbon dioxide for increasing its refrigerant value by utilizing the gas given off when exposed to heat for preventing access of heat-to the interior of the receptacle.
Further aims areto provide an improved arrangement, construction and insulation for shipping and storage containers, refrigerators, coolers, display cabinets and the like,
hereinafter referred to .inclusively as insulated receptacles, particularly adapted to protecting solid carbon dioxide or other gas forming refrigerant from external heat.
The invention also comprises a metallic structure having double walls filled with porous insulation, and provided with pressure tight. inner and outer faces for preventing leakage-of the gaseous refrigerant and its escape'below the tops thereof, and interior in some embodiments it is advantageous to provide baflies for preventingcirculation through the wall insulation except in a serpentine course from within to without, as hereinafter described.
Further details of the invention appear from the description of the illustrative embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing, comprising a part cross-section and part perspective view of side walls, bottom and removable cover of a box-like container.
In the receptacle shown in the drawing, which in its general purposes and construc- 1931. Serial No. 530,622.
tion may be taken as typical of any shipping or storing or dispensing container, the top 11 and bottom 12 are provided with inner and outer metallic liners or facings between which is packed a porous insulating material 13, in the embodiment shown comprising comminuted or ground and dehydrated cork, care being taken to'secure uniformly small particles free from dust and to pack them evenly under slight compression to prevent segregation or fissures and permit uniform permeation by the' refrigerant gas.
The sides preferably comprise inner and outer metallic walls 14, 15, between which there may be vertically disposed bafiies 16, secured at their upper edges tothe coping or frame 17 to which the upper edges of the side walls are also fastened, and which is suitably shaped to support the cover. Spaced packing strips 18 may be placed between the frame 17 and lower edge of the cover to seal the joint.
The liners, facings and side walls are lapped and secured together at their adjoining edges by rivets, welds or other suitable means to form a rigid, strong container.
The lower edges of the baflles 16 are spaced above the bottom facing of the receptacle, and rows of holes 19, 20 are provided along the top edges of the inner and outer side walls 14, 15 immediately below the frame 17 to promote circulation of gas through the side wall insulation, as shown by the arrows in the figure.
The gas evolved by solid carbon dioxide,
After all air has been expelled from the container, further evolution of CO gas will cause a current of gas to overflow the holes 19 and flow slowly down on the inner sides examples.
with CO gas, which in itself is an excellent insulator, and whichalso removesall but traces of moisture from the cork or other solidinsulating material in the walls, therethe insulation in its most eifiby maintaining cient condition.
Notwithstanding. that the specific heat of the cold gas passing through the sidewalls is low, its volume is large, audit will pick up heat entering the insulation from without and "carry italongmuntil: it.is discharged;
through the holes '20 in-a: relativelychighly; superheated condition. .,-Thus there will .be a I I I v 1 of, said :ba'llie. dividing the: insulation into fairly uniformly decreasing heat gradient between the exteriorzof the receptacle and the inner walls thereof-,and only enough heat will reach the interior to produce the slight amount of gas required to maintain an .efi'ec tive flow through". the insulation. i The spacing of :the holes 19 around the walls of the receptacle promotes uniforindis- .icibution of the g ;as, within the receptacle, as outward flowrisvthereby inducediin all directions, and tends to maintain uniform tel perature conditionswithin the receptacle.
It is obvious that,'-infthe form of invention illustrated, the cover 11 may be removed from time to time to give ac'cessto theconteiits of the receptacle without. seriously disturbing.
the flow of CO gas through the insulation,
gas tigl1t.f&96$,,the,inner face, being 'ed at the topto permit passage 0' mit passage of gas from within the receptacle into the intervening wall space, porous insulation in said intervening space, and a sheetlike bafiie extending downward from the top edge of said wall and terminating above the lower edge thereof, said baffle dividing the insulatioirinto layers communicating-at their lower edges, andfperforations in the outer wall face to permit escape of gas from said intervening space.
L An insulated' -recepta cle for solid CO comprisiii'g'a's ide wall having inner and outer perforatgas from within thewreceptacle into the intervening wall spaceQpoi-Oiisinsulation in said intervening, spacmaand; a sheet-likejbafie extending. downward from the top edge ofsaidwall and, terminating abovathe lower edge there- I la ers' communicatin gat-their, lower ed es,
-j and erioi'ationsinthetc ed es of the outer walllface topermitescape off-gas from said intei'vening spaceafter passing down on themuner side offsaid bafieandup on the outer. side thereof to absorb moisture andlieat within said Walls.
because the cold'gas is, so very much heavier than air that little air will enter the receptacle through its open top, and such as does will be quickly cooled and gradually driven .out through the holes, 19.
An insulated receptacle-for solid CO comprisinggside ,walls having innerend outer gas tight faces, theinner faces being perfoa rated atone edge to permit, passage of gas fromwithin th'e receptacle into the interven: ing wall; space, porous insulation in said in-' tervening space and baflies extending verth call-y between ,saidwalls and ternnnating short of one ofthe edges thereof, said bafies dividing the insulation-into layers communi-= I at at the ho fi-ede'e iq s i b fi and perforations in the outer wall faces t o permit the escapeof-gas from said intervening wall space.
For many purposes, containers having cylindrical side walls provided with concentric inner andouter metallic shells and baffies are.
advantageous; Icecream cabinets and bot tled water coolers and dispensers are common Thus theinvention may be applied to wide variety of' uses,;such as for shipping.
containers for perishable food productgautomobile truck and'railway car. bodies. and
com artments, refrigerators, display and ven mg cabinets, and other structures," wher-- ever it is desired to maintain a-lowternperature and inert atmosphere by the use-oi solidcarbon dioxide or other similar refrigerant material.
The invention is not restrictedto the form,
materials and construction of the receptacle.
illustrated, but what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent isas follows:
1. An insulated receptacle fora substance vaporizable by heat, comprising a side wall havin inner and outer gas tight faces, the
inner ace being perforated at the top to per- 'qu danadehydra ed 1" -";u a I m ny'vheraofnl v islgne y; name to this-specification ,JALMOE s i n ist-1 claii 'l, having porous insulation comprising.
US530622A 1931-04-16 1931-04-16 Insulated container for solid carbon dioxide Expired - Lifetime US1903169A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2947436A (en) * 1956-07-19 1960-08-02 John W Kappen Insulated container
US3679086A (en) * 1970-06-03 1972-07-25 Shell Oil Co Liquid storage tank
US3791164A (en) * 1972-05-15 1974-02-12 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Cryogenic storage tank facility with dike wall cooled by leaking liquefied gas
US11013372B2 (en) * 2018-03-23 2021-05-25 Dongguan University Of Technology Take-out food case for keeping food fresh

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2947436A (en) * 1956-07-19 1960-08-02 John W Kappen Insulated container
US3679086A (en) * 1970-06-03 1972-07-25 Shell Oil Co Liquid storage tank
US3791164A (en) * 1972-05-15 1974-02-12 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Cryogenic storage tank facility with dike wall cooled by leaking liquefied gas
US11013372B2 (en) * 2018-03-23 2021-05-25 Dongguan University Of Technology Take-out food case for keeping food fresh

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