US1903059A - Hinge - Google Patents

Description

:March 28, 1933. E, MEININGHAUS 1,903,059

HINGE Filed Aug. l5, 1929v 3 Sheets-Sheet l V lA l n l l ull 57a 57 40 '56 Ewald Ilemngimu.

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attoz mu* 5 'Ma'rh 28, 1933. E, ME|N|NGHAUS 1,903,059

HINGE Filed Aug. l5. 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 28, 1933. E. Ml-:lNlNGHAUs 1,903,059

HINGE Filed Aug. l5, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Ewald Meflninghfzu Patented Mar. 28, 1933 UNITED STATES EWALD MEININGHAUS, OF LANCASTER, NEW YORK HINGE Application led August 15, 1929. Serial No. 386,105.

This invention relatesto a hinge and more particularly to a hinge which is designed to support doors or other swinging closures whereit is desirable to have the full dimensions of the opening available for moving obj ects through the opening.

The principal object of the invention is therefore to provide a hinge of the character described which will enable the door to be opened to such an extent as to permit the passage of an obj ect therethrough of the size of the opening without interference from any part of the door.

Another object is to provide such a hinge which is attractive in appearance and in which only a small part ofthe hingeris required to be exposed.

Anotherpurpose is to provide such a hinge which is strong and durable in construction and in which the means for attaching the hinge can be rendered accessible only from the inside of the building or other place where the hinge is placed thereby reducing the danger of entry of the building by unauthorized persons.

Another object is to provide a hinge especially designed for use upon doors which are flushV with the sidewalk and normally close horizontally over an opening therein leading to a basement or cellar which over a long period of use will not be prevented by dust, dirt, pebbles, ashes or the like from closing to its fullest extent. y

A further object is to provide such an areaway closure hinge adapted to be attached to a door in vsuch a manner that its upper surface will be even with the surface of the sidewalk when the door is closed to thereby insure a smooth surface with no projecting parts against which a person walking over the closed door would be likely to stumble.

A further object is to provide a hinge of this type and an associated supporting member therefor which member will cooperate with the hinge in such a manner as to permit the closing of the door to a horizontal posi- Y tion with the hinge flush with the surface of the sidewalk, which member supports the entire rear edge of the door by reason of which the hinges never carry a greater load than the weight of the door itself, the entire weight of the rear edge of the door and any obj ect thereon being carried bythe said supporting member when the door is closed.

A further object is to provide a unitary latching member and dust deiector which operates automatically by its own weight and in conjunction with the hinge to latch the door in an open position when the same is opened to the necessary extent. The arrangement of the latching member is such that when in its operative position, it occupies a position which also permits its functioning to prevent the passage of dust or other particles of dirt behind the same so as to interfere with the full closing of the door.

A further object is to provide a dust receptacle associated with each hinge of the door which receptacles are adapted to receive any dust accidentally passing behind the dust deflector, or from the rear thereof, and convey the same away from this point to the cellar or basement.

Embodiments of my invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure l is a fragmentary side elevation, viewed from the outside of a door supported by one form of hinge embodying my invention, the door being in a closed position.

Figure 2 is a view taken at right angles to this view with the door in an open position alnd being viewed from the inner edge of the c oor.

Figure 3 is a section taken along line 3 3 of Fig. 2.

Figure 4 is a view similar to Fig. l showing modified form of the hinge supporting a oor.

Figure 5 is a view of the same hinge as itV appears from behind the door when in an open position.

Figure 6 is a section taken along line 6-6 of Fig. 5.

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figs. l and 4 showing a second modified form of the invention diifering from the type of hinge shown in Figs. 4-6 in that the leaf of the hinge which is secured to the inner side of the door as illustrated in Figs. 4 6 has been modified in form so as to permit its being secured to the outer side of the door.

Figure 8 is an elevational view of a similar form as it appears from the rear of the door when the same is in an open position.

Figure 9 is a section taken along line 9-9 of Fig. 8.

Figure 10 is an elevational view similar to Figs. 1, 4 and 7 and showing a third modiiied form of the hinge, the leaf which is adapted to be attached to the door supporting member being shaped so as to permit its attachment to the edge of the supporting mem-v ber thereby avoiding the necessity of a recess in the face of the said member, the hinge being shown upon a door in a closed position.

Figure 11 is an elevational view of a similar form of the hinge as it appears from the rear of the door when in an open position.

Figure 12 is a section taken along line 12-12 of Fig. l1.

Figure 13 is a fragmentary top plan view of a door having a fourth modified form of the hinge embodying my invention, and is illustrated upon a door in a closed position, the leaf members of the hinge being flush with the outer surface of the door and associated parts.

Figure 14 is a view from the inner side of the same door when it is in an open position and shows a unitary latching and dust deflecting member.

Figure 15 is a section taken along line 15-15 of Fig. 14.

Figure 16 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 16-16, Fig. 13, showing the position taken by the unitary latching and dust defiecting member when the door is in a closed position.

Figure 17 is a fragmentary sectional view of the fourth modied form of hinge showing the mounting of the hinge member between the walls of the dust chamber, the same being taken on line 17-17, Fig. 15.

The hinge, as illustrated in Figures l, 2 and 3 consists of a fixed leaf or member 2O and a movable leaf or member 21 secured respectively to the casing or door supporting member 22 and the door 23. In order to enable the door to be opened to such an extent as to permit the passage of an object therethrough of the size of the door opening without interference from any portion of the door, the fixed pintle carrying leaf 2O of the hinge is offset as at 24 so as to pivot the door away from the opening during the opening of the same. The offset portion 24 of the fixed leaf or lnember 2O is provided with upstanding ears 25 adapted to receive the pintle 26 of the hinge. The movable leaf 21 has a laterally projecting arm 21a carrying a knuckle 2lb at one end thereof, the said arm being of such a width as to fit within the recess, when the door is closed, in the offset portion of the fixed leaf 24.

The form of hinge illustrated in Figures 4, 5, and 6 is also designed to permit the bodily swing of the door away from the opening to facilitate the passage of objects therethrough. rIhe hinge includes two leaf members 27 and 28 secured respectively to the casing, indicated generally at 29, and the door 30. The leaf 27 is provided with outwardly projecting ears 31 which carry the pintle 32 and the leaf 28 mounted thereon. The leaf member 27 is offset at its central portion to provide a recess 27a adapted to receive the rear face of the shoulder 33 when the door is in a closed position. A portion of the leaf 28 is further oiiset to provide a second shoulder 34, the two said shoulders being adapted to cooperate with suitable fastening means as indicated at 35 to clamp the door securely to the hinge. The leaf 28 is provided at its outer end with a longitudinal slot 36 adapted to receive an extension 37 which may be secured thereto in any suitable manner as by rivet 37a. The said extension constitutes a portion of the leaf 28 but is made separable therefrom to permit the use of extensions of various lengths depending upon the width of door employed. Although the door may be made from any suitable material, it is illustrated in the present instance as consisting of a series of planks 39, the inner plank resting upon the shoulder 33. Between the planks 39 and the extension 37 is positioned a stiifening or bracing member 40, the three plys of the door constituting the hinge extension, stiifener and the series of planks, being secured together by the bolt 35.

The hinge illustrated in Figures 7, 8 and 9 is somewhat similar to the form just described except that in the present instance the leaf 41 is adapted to be secured to the outside of the door instead of the inside. In this arrangement of the hinge it is unnecessary to provide shoulders such as described in the previous form. The leaf 41 is provided with a slot 42 adapted to receive the extension 43 which is retained therein by suitable rivets 43a. However, in this form the stiffening member 44 still remains on the inside of the door, while the planks 45 are clamped between the stiifening member and the leaf extension 43 which, in this instance, is secured to the opposite side of the series of planks. As in each form of hinge heretofore described, the pintle 46 is offset from the edge of the door casing and in the present illustration is carried by the usual ears 47 projecting from the fixed leaf 48 of the hinge.

In Figures 10, 11 and 12 a further modified form of the hinge is illustrated. In this form also, the pintle 49 is offset from the edge of the easing 50 but in order to avoid forming a recess in the face of the casing, the leaf 51 of the hinge is secured to the edge thereof and the ears 52 which carry the pintle are eX- tended at right angles to the leaf 51 and away from the opening in the casing. The

other leaf 53 of the hinge is substantially in the form of a right angle and the door 54 is secured in any suitable manner to the leg 55 thereof.

The hinge illustrated in Figures 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17 is shown as applied to a normally horizontally positioned door 56. The hinge consists of a leaf 57 pivoted upon the pintle 58 mounted in the side walls 58a of a dust chamber 72. An extension 59 is secured in a slot 59a of the leaf 57 as by a rivet 61. The body of the door 57, as illustrated, comprises a single sheet of metal secured to the leaf 57 and its extension 59 as by rivets 61a and 61. At its forward end, the leaf 57 carries an upstanding ear 62 which ear 62 is adapted to receive a pin 63 which carries on each side of the ear 62 a collar 64 integral with the upper bifurcated end of a strap 65. There are two such straps 65 to which is secured a plate 66, as by rivets 66a, which acts as a deflector to direct dust, dirt and the like away from the hinge when the door is open. The lower end of the strap 65 is curved inwardly as at 67 to form a catch. When the door, in opening, reaches the vertical position the catch 67 falls into a slot 68 in a plate 69 secured to the angle member 70 which extends across the rear edge of the casing and prevents the door from falling shut until the catch 67 is withdrawn from the slot 68. During the time that the door is latched in the open position, the deflector 66 extends across the entire rear edge of the casing in an operative position to direct any substance striking the same downwardly away from the hinge.

Secured to the rear face of the angle iron 70, positioned in the cement Walk 71, and in front of each of the hinges is a chamber 72 having an inclined bottom wall 72a. Any dirt or dust passing the deflector 66 or coming from behind the deflector in proximity to either of the hinges falls into the said collecting chambers 7 2a and is conducted away from the hinges into the cellar through the openings 7 3 in the forward ends of the chambers.

In order to provide a smooth surface presenting no upstanding projections which might be dangerous to pedestrians, the door and frame therefor are arranged to present an even surface when the door is closed. For this purpose, the door casing or frame is formed of transverse angle members 7 0 and longitudinal angle members 74 which are suitably positioned in the sidewalk 71 at a slight distance below the surface thereof. The door 56 is slightly larger in its overall dimensions than the opening thus formed and as a result thereof the door when closed rests upon the said angle members to provide a secure covering for the opening while avoiding any strain upon the hinges. A plate 74a having an opening therein corresponding in size to the door and of the same thickness is arranged upon the angle members of the casing in such a manner that the upper surface of the plate 74 is level with the sidewalk. With this arrangement the sidewalk and door present, when the door is closed, a smooth upper surface with no upstanding projections.

Having fully described my invention, I claim:

1. A hinge comprising a horizontal fixed hinge member, a movable hinge member pivoted to said fixed hinge member, a latch bar pivoted to said movable member and adapted to engage a catch on said fixed hinge member when said hinge is opened and hold said hinge members open and a deliector secured to said latch bar whereby any substance moving toward said fixed hinge member will be deflected away therefrom.

2. A hinge comprising a horizontal fixed hinge member formed to provide a downwardly extending chamber which is open at its upper and lower ends, a movable hinge member having a part extending into the open upper end of said chamber and pivotally connected to the walls thereof for vertically swinging movement, a lat-ch bar pivotally connected to said movable hinge member and adapted to engage a catch provided on one Wall of said chamber when said hinge is opened and hold said hinge members open and a deflector carried by said latch bar whereby any substance moving toward said fixed hinge member will be deflected away therefrom.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

EWALD MEIN INGHAUS.

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