US1899876A - Lock - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 28, 1933. H. MACHINIST 1,899,376

' LOCK Filed-Sept. 21, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. BAR U LU JL ICIHINIEZZ ATTORNEYS.

H. MACHINIST F eb'. 28, 1933.

LOCK

Filed Sept. 21, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VENT OR. HA'EULD MACHINE! BY M ATT HHH H H ORNEYS.

1933. H. MACHINIST 1,899,375 LOCK Filed Sept. 21, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet I5 A/EUTRAL-&-rb- S Fl-E5 -E T o INVENTOR.

HAR OLD MACHINISZ BY%%M A TTORNEYS.

LOCK

Filed Sept. 21, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 K- 5ELECT'OR INVENTOR.

HAR OLD MAUI-YIN! 5'1" ATTORNEYS.

Patented Feb, 28, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 1 I HAROLD MACHINIST, 01" SAN QUENTIN," oA iFo aNIA, Assreivo'n or ONE-TENTH To MARGARET SLATER, or BERKELEY, onIi-InomvI A LOCK Application filed September 21, .1931. Serial No. 564,165. d

i This invention relates to improvements in looks.

The principal object of this invention is to provide a: cylindrical lock having a dial arrangement whereby the combination must be actuated first before the key may be inserted within the lock. 7 r

A further obj ect'is to produce a lock wherein the key-way is so arranged that a person cannot insert akey any appreciable distance into the lock, until the proper' combination has been worked out.

A further object is to provide a lock wherein it will be impossible to pick thelock with wires and the like. a

A further object is to provide alock whereina simple word spells the combination, rather than anintricate numerical combina-- tion. k i

A further object is to produce a lock wherein the combination may be easily changed without the necessity of changing the key.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent during the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawings forminga part of this specification and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same, V

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a lock having my invention applied thereto, as the same would appear when installed upon a door, Figure 2 is an edge elevation of Fig. 1, Figures 3, 4 and 5 are diagrammatic views indicating the direction in which the dial is rotated in order to spell out a three letter word combination,

Figures 6 to 16, are detail views of the various parts of my lock,

Figure 17 is a top plan view on an enlarged scale of the lock cylinder, a

Figure 18 is a perspective view of th selector dog latch,

Figure 19 is a. fragmentary detail view showing a portion of one of the stop rings and its selector ring, I Figures 20, 21 and 22 are diagrammatic views showing the various movements neces sary to accomplish an unlocking operation, 7

Figure 23 is an enlarged detail cross-see tional view taken on the line 2323 of 1,

Figure 24 is a diagrammatic view showing in full lines the mannerin which the selector.

dog latch enters the selector notch, and in dotted lines, the manner in which the dog enters one of the depressions for locking rotation of thedial,

Figures :25 and 26 are fragmentary. deQ

tail cross-sectional viewstaken on the lines 2525 and 2626 respectively, of Fig. 24.}

While it isgen erally conceded that the ordinary cylindrical lock resists to a marked degree the picking thereof, thru the tumbler arrangement, it is admitted however, that experts may readily pick this type of lock.

. Applicant has devised meanswhereby the advantages of the-cylindrical lock have been kept, and has added thereto a simple means which surrounds the cylinder, and only, after being arranged in a predetermined manner, maythemechanism of the cylinder be operated, and thru this arrangement, it would, be impossible for a person to insert a key into the key-way, and if a person should attempt to force a keythru the key-way, itwould be stopped upon itsengagement with the first tumbler, and moreover, this action will also prevent the, turning of the dial to effect the combination. This locking of the dial,so to speak, prevents a person from pickingthe lock or determining the combination thruthe feel method.

In the accompanying drawings wherein forthe purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the numeral 5 designates the cylinder of an ordinary Yale typelock, within which-is positioned the customary key cylinder 6, hav-f v oo , ing the ordinary key, the only difference bering has anopening 23 therethru, which opening is so arranged, that when this seleotorring is rotated to a given point, this opening 23 will be directly above the pin 17. Itis here to be noted, that the selector dog latch 24 has a portion thereof extending under the selector ring 22. This dog 24 is adapted toride in a slot 26 carried in the cylinder 5, (see Figs. 6 and 17). A spacer ring 27 is now placed upon the cylinder, and by viewing Fig. 8, it will be noted that this spacer ring is provided with a slot 28 formed upon its inner periphery, and with lugs 29 also formed upon its inner periphery. These lugs are adapted to travel in key-ways 31 formed in the side of the cylinder, and to thus prevent rotation "ofthe spacer ring.

The slot 28'is'adapted to overlie the dog 24.

It is also to be here noted, that the dial 19 carries a'striker pin 32 which extends from the rear of the dial, and overlies the spacer extending beyond the margin thereof, for

the purpose of engaging a similar striker pin, to be later described. I nowplace upon the cylinder at second selector ring 33, (see Fig. 9) ,which selector ring is provided with notches upon its outer periphery, similar to the notches in the ring 22. This selector ring 33difl'ers from the selector ring 32 however, in that it has formed upon one face thereof, a deep notch 34, (see Fig. 24) and a plurality of relatively shallow depressions 36. This ring also has an opening 37 therethru, which opening is in alignment with the notches 34, and is adapted to overlie the pin 16, (see Fig. 23). The stop ring 38 is now placed upon'the selector ring, and it will here be noted, by'viewing Fig. 10, that this stop ring has an inwardly extending lug 39 which enters one of the recesses formed in the outer periphery of the ring 33. This ring 38 carries a stop 41,'the purpose of which will be later seen.- -Also mounted upon the selector ring is a throw-off ring 42, which throw-ofi ring has an inwardly extending lug 43 which is also adapted to engage one of the notches in the selector ring 33, and it will here be noted,

that this throw-off ring is provided with a striker pin 43, which extends on opposite sides of the ring so that one end thereof will engage thestriker pin 32, and the opposite end will'engage a striker pin to be later described. A spacer ring 44 is now placed upous striker pins 32, 43, stop on the cylinder, and it will be noted, by viewing Fig. 12, that this spacer ring is provided with lugs 46, to engage the key-way 31 formed in the side of the cylinder. I next place upon the cylinder, the selector ring 47, (see Fig. 13). This selector ring is similar in construction tothe'selector'ring 22, and has an opening 48 which is adapted to be moved into alignment with the pin 14." Mounted upon this ring .47 is a stop ring 49' whichfis similar. in construction to the stop ring 38, and carries a stop lug 50. This ring needs no further discussion- A'throw-ofl ring 51 isnow mounted upon the selector ring 47, and corresponds to the throw-off ring 42, the only difference being that in this instance, the striker pin 52 extends only to' cylinder, as shown in Fig. 1. The rotation is continued until the letter S reaches the mark, (see Fig. 3). This rotation causes the vari I 50, to'line' up as designated in Fig.20', first at the & or-neutral position, and to rotate further to the Sj-position. This positionis such that the selector ring 47 will now be in such a position, that the opening 48 will overlie the pin 14. By now moving the'dial ina reverse direction,

as shown in Fig. 4, to the letter K, it will be noted from Fig. 21, that the striker pin'32 has moved out of engagement with-the striker pin 43, and into engagement with the stop 41.- As the stop 41 and the striker pin 43 move in unison, due tothe fact that the rings 38 and 42 are both carried upon'the selector ring 33, it will. be noted that the stop 50 and striker pin 52, which remained in the dotted'S position of Fig. 20, while the striker pin 43 has moved from the dotted'positionthe same distance, that the stop 41 has moved from its dotted position. This travel has caused the selector ring 33'to now be in such a position upon thecylinder that the open ing 37 will overlie the pin 16, and also the notches 34 in the edge of the selector ring will be in alignment withthe dog 24. now moving the dial in the direction shown in Fig. 5, to Y, the striker pin 32 will move from the positionshown' in Fig. 21, to the position shown in Fig.f22.[ This will cause the selector ring 21 to rotate-to a position wherein the opening23 will overlie the 17. By 'nowinserting the key inthe keyway, it will be possible for the tumbler 13 to move upwardly, causingthe pin 17 to push upon the cam end of the dog 24, thus moving it into its slot 34, and clearing the endof'the dog from between the pin and the opening 23, thus permitting this pin 17 to rise, and permitting the key to then enter, so as to actuate the other tumblers. 'T'he arrangement of the parts is such that should the operator of the lock turn the dial a slight distance beyond the selected letter, this movement would be transmitted to one of the selector rings so as to throw it out of combination. This is very apparent, by viewing Fig. 22. Should the operator, in turning from K back to Y, pass the Y only a slight distance, the pin 32 would engage the pin 43, and would move the selector ring to which it is connected, which in this case represents the letter K, outof alignment, so that the pin 16 could not rise, after the key had been inserted.

Reviewing Figs. 24, 25 and 26, attention is directed to the fact that in some types of locks, itis possible to pick the look by feel ing. Applicant has therefore provided on the surface of the selector ring 33, a series of notch-es, merely for the purpose of deceiving the person trying to pick the lock. As this ring is rotated thru the striker pin 32, which is attached to the dial 18, it will be apparent that if this ring can be held in some manner, that the dial cannot be rotated. Therefore, I have caused a locking eifect as soon as the person attempts to place a key or other instrument in the key-slot. In Fig. 24, I have shown on the left hand side of the figure the manner in which the dog 24 enters the selector ring slot 34 when the selector ring is in proper position, that is; when all of the combinations have been completed. This is shown in side elevation in Fig. 25. Should a person attempt to place the key in the key-way before the combination has been completed, the result will be, that the placing of the key will tend to move the tumbler upwardly, with a result that the pin 17 will engage the dog and move it against the face of the selector ring 33, and assuming that the dial is turned, the

dog will enter one of the notches 36, and

arrest further movement of the selector.

It will thus be apparent, that with my.

lock, it would be impossible to insert a key or other instrument in the lock for the pur pose of picking it, and that if it is attempted to be forced, that the combination meohanism will immediately be locked, so that the various letters of the combination cannot be selected. It is also apparent that the lock cannot be operated until all three of theletters have been brought into exact registry, so that the pins of the tumblers may pass upwardly thru the selector rings, and further apparent, that should a person turn the dial slightly beyond the pre-determined letter, that the combination will be destroyed, and the lock cannot be operated.

It is to be understood that the drawings of Figs. 20, 21 and 22 are greatly exaggerated, andtherefore, the amount of movement of relative parts, is comparatively small to that shown; With this look, it is possibleto change the combination as often as is desired without the necessity of securing new keys, whichis of j considerable advantage, particularly in banks or like institutions,

and combinations 'atdefinite periods. 2. It 's to be understood that theform of .where it is the practiceto change the'locks is tobe taken as a preferredfexample of the same and thatrvarious'changes relative to the material, size, shape and'arrangement of partsmay resorted-to without departing from the spirit of'the invention or the scope ofthe subjoined claims. w

- Having thus described my invention, I

mounted on said barrelfadial mounted on said barrel, means carried by said dial: and

said selector rings whereby said selector rings may be rotated, each of said selector rings having an openingformed therein, and adapted to receivethe ends of said pins;

2. In a. device of the character described, thecombinatio'n with a cylinder lock comprising a barrelihaving a key actuated mechanism positioned therein, said mechanism in.-

cluding a plurality of pins adapted to be" projected from said barrel, a plurality of selector rings rotatably positioned on said barrel, each of said selector rings having an opening formed therethru, a stop ring mounted on "each selector ring, a throw-off ring mounted on certain of said selector rings,

a dial carried by one of said selector rings, a

striker pin carried by said dial and adapted to actuate said selector rings whereby said rings are free to rotate relative to said barrel.

3. In a device of the character described, the combination witha lock cylinder embodying a tumbler barrel, a key actuated mechanism positioned therein,said mechanism inmy invention herewith shown and described i eluding a plurality of pins adapted to be pr'ojected from said tumbler barrel, a plurality of selector rings rotatably mounted on said tumbler barrel, one of said selector rings having notches formed on one of its faces and a dog slidably mounted in said barrel and adapted to be moved into contact with said notches in said selector ring, said dog being actuated thru the movement of one of said key actuated pins, each of said selector rings having an opening formed therethru, a stop ringmounted on certain of said selector rings, a throw-off ring mountedon certain of said selector rings, dial mounted on one of said selector rings, a striker pin carried by said tion, and'means associated with one of said dial and adapted to engage st riker pins mounted on certain of said, rings whereby 'said rings may be rotated relative to said barreL, v V a r 4:. In a device of the character described, the combination with a cylinder lock having a turnblerbarr'el, of a plurality of selector rings positioned on said-tumbler barreland adapted to rotate thereabout, dial means for rotating saidv selectors to effect the combinaselectors to prevent the actuation of theremaining' selectorsof the lock.

5. In. combination, a cylinder lock having a tumbler barrel, a plurality of tumbler pins adapted to be projected from said barrel, a plurality of selector rings positioned on said barrel, each of said selectors having an open ing thereinadapted to receive said pins, and dial means associated with said tumbler barrel for rotating said selectors successively,

7 whereby said selector. openings are moved into alignment with said pins topermit the actuation of said pins to release the lock.

6. In a device of the character described, the combination with a lock cylinder comprising a tumbler barrel having a key actuated mechanism positioned therein, saidmechanism including a plurality of tumbler pins adapted to be-projected from said barrel, a

, plurality of selector rings rotatably mounted on said barrel, each of said selector rings havingv an opening formedtherethru, a stop ring mounted on certain of saidselector rings, a throw-oil ring-mounted on certain of said selector rings, a dial associated with one of said selector rings, a striker-pin carried by said dial and adapted toengage striker'pins mounted on certain of said selector ringswhereby said rings are rendered free to r0- tate relative to said barrel, and latch means co-acting with one of said selectors to prevent the actuation of the first tumbler until a proper-combination has been efi'ected.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature. HAROLD MACHINIST'.

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