US1898180A - Coupling arrangement - Google Patents

Coupling arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
US1898180A
US1898180A US221091A US22109127A US1898180A US 1898180 A US1898180 A US 1898180A US 221091 A US221091 A US 221091A US 22109127 A US22109127 A US 22109127A US 1898180 A US1898180 A US 1898180A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
impedance
circuit
coupling
phase shift
ratio
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US221091A
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English (en)
Inventor
Clarence W Hansell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RCA Corp
Original Assignee
RCA Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE354357D priority Critical patent/BE354357A/xx
Application filed by RCA Corp filed Critical RCA Corp
Priority to US221091A priority patent/US1898180A/en
Priority to DER75361D priority patent/DE508899C/de
Priority to GB27039/28A priority patent/GB297434A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1898180A publication Critical patent/US1898180A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/02—Details
    • H04B3/40—Artificial lines; Networks simulating a line of certain length
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
    • H03H7/01—Frequency selective two-port networks
    • H03H7/0115—Frequency selective two-port networks comprising only inductors and capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
    • H03H7/48—Networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on the same frequency or frequency band, to a common load or source

Definitions

  • This invention relates to coupling arrangements. d e pa u ar y t su h. M'- rangements used to change impedance and phase relation.
  • Fi ure 4 is a graph which is useful when selecting the circuit constants; and i i Figure 5 symbolically indicates an application of my invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a series circuit comprising the inductances 2 and the capacitance 4, which are connected 7o by means of the terminals 6 to an external circuit.
  • the reactance values are so chosen that when the parallel circuit consisting of the resist: ance of the output circuit and the capacitance 4 is transposed to an equivalentseries circuit of capacitance and resistance the inductance 2 resonates with the fictitious series capacitance, and the fictitious series resist+ 8o ance is equal to the desired line impedance.
  • the curve 20 shows the degrees 199 of phase shift between the first and second external circuits as a function of the impedance ratio. It is clear that when employing circuits such as have been shown in Figures 1 and 2 the curve 20 is symmetrical, the phase shifts for either the capacitive or inductive couplings being equal for a given impedance ratio, but opposite in direction.
  • the coupling arrangement comprises a combination of the circuits shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the two circuits are so designed that the impedance ratio of each is equal to the square root of the desired ratio, so that the overall ratio is that desired, and meanwhile the equal but opposite phase shifts in the two parts of the coupling arrangement neutralize one another so that the resultant phase shift is zero.
  • the curve 22 is obtained by assuming that the impedance ratio of one of the circuits is 0.2 and taking various values from zero to one for the other circuit.
  • the curve 24 is obtained by assuming that the impedance ratio of one of the circuits is 0.4 and taking various values for the other circuit.
  • c'urves 26 and 28 are obtained by assuming impedance ratios of 0.6 and 0.8 re spectively for one of the circuits.
  • the chart may be used as follows.
  • a point representing the desired impedance ratio and phase shift is located on the chart, such as the point 30, located at an impedance ratio of 0.4 and a phase shift of 30 degrees lagging.
  • the point 30 is followed out on a line 32, approximated from the nearest adjacent curve, until it intersects the curve 20, which indicates the phase shift and the impedance ratio for one of the coupling circuits to be 48 and 0.45.
  • the impedance ratio of the other of the circuits may be obtained by dividing the desired ratio by the ratio found for the first circuit, which comes out 0.89, or by subtracting the desired phase shift from the phase shift in the first circuit to obtain the phase shift in the second circuit, namely, 18 leading, and locating the impedance ratio for that phase shift on the curve 20, giving slightly less than 0.9, which is as it should be.
  • the lines 34-and 36 represent the impedance ratio and phase shift for one of the circuits
  • the lines 38 and 40 represent the impedance ratio and phase shift for the other of the circuits. It will be seen that the phase shifts differ by 30 degrees, and that the product of the impedance ratios equals 0.4, as was desired.
  • FIG. 5 An application of my invention is indicated in Figure 5, in which there are broadside antennae 102 and 104, with energized reflectors 106 and 108, fed by transmission lines 110 and 112, which in turn are fed by a transmission line 114.
  • Such antennae are described in a copending application of Nils E. Lindenblad, Serial No. 229,407, filed October 28, 1927. If the transmission lines 110 and 112 are similar to the transmission line 114 their combined impedance is half of that of line 114, and therefore impedances must be matched at the junction point 116. At this junction a phase shift is not injurious, and therefore the older type of coupling arrangements may be employed.
  • the relative phase of the energies supplied to the antennae 102 and 106 is of great importance, for their phase displacement should equal the natural phase displacement of the wave in space at points spaced at the distance between the antenna 102 and the reflector 106.
  • my coupling arrangement may be applied at the points 118 and 120, and similarly at the points 122 and 124 for the other antenna.
  • I claim 1 The method of obtaining a desired impedance ratio and a desired phase shift which includes changing the impedance successively by ratios the product of which equals the desired ratio, and accompanying the impedance changes with phase shifts the algebraic sum of which equals the desired phase shift.
  • the method of obtaining a desired impedance ratio with no phase shift which includes changing the impedance by a ratio which is the square root of the desired ratio accompanied by a phase shift in one direction, and again changing the impedance by the square root of the desired ratio accompanied by an equal phase shift in the opposite direction.
  • a coupling arrangement for obtaining a desired impedance ratio and a desired phase shift comprising a plurality of cascade connected impedance changing devices the procluct of the ratios of which equals the desired ratio and the algebraic sum of the phase shifts in which equals the desired phase shift.
  • a coupling arrangement for obtaining a desired impedance ratio with no phase shift comprising a plurality of cascade connected impedance changing devices having impedance ratios the product of which equals the ratio desired, and the algebraic sum of the phase shifts in which equals zero.
  • a coupling arrangement for obtaining a desired impedance ratio with no phase shift comprising two impedance changing devices having equal impedance ratios, and equal but opposite phase shifts, connected in cascade.
  • An arrangement for changing impedance and phase by desired amounts comprising an external circuit, a coupling circuit connected thereto and having inductive and capacitive reactances in series, a second coupling circuit having inductive and capacitive reactances in series coupled across a reactance of one sign of the first coupling circuit, and a second external circuit coupled across a reactance of another sign of the second coupling circuit.
  • An arrangement for changing impedance and phase by desired amounts comprising an external circuit, a coupling circuit connected thereto and having inductive and capacitive reactances in series, a second coupling circuit having inductive and capacitive reactances in series coupled across a reactance of one sign of the first coupling circuit, and a second external circuit coupled across a reactance of another sign of the second coupling circuit, the coupling circuits having impedance ratios the product of which equals the desired ratio, and phase shifts the algebraic sum of which equals the desired phase shift.
  • An arrangement or changing impedance and phase by desired amounts comprising an external circuit, a coupling circuit connected thereto and having inductive and capacitive reactances in series, a second coupling circuit having inductive and capacitive reactances in series coupled across the inductive reactance of the first coupling circuit, and a second external circuit coupled across a capacitive reactance of the second coupling circuit.
  • An arrangement for changing impedance and phase by desired amounts comprising an external circuit, a coupling circuit connected thereto and having inductive and capacitive reactances in series, a second coupling circuit having inductive and capacitive reactances in series coupled across the inductive reactance of the first coupling circuit, and a second external circuit coupled across the capacitive reactance of the second coupling circuit, the coupling circuits having impedance ratios the product of which equals the desired ratio, and phase shifts the algebraic sum of which equals the desired phase shift.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
US221091A 1927-09-21 1927-09-21 Coupling arrangement Expired - Lifetime US1898180A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE354357D BE354357A (en)) 1927-09-21
US221091A US1898180A (en) 1927-09-21 1927-09-21 Coupling arrangement
DER75361D DE508899C (de) 1927-09-21 1928-08-09 Anordnung zur reflexionsfreien Kopplung zweier Kreise verschiedener Impedanz unter bestimmter Phasenbeziehung
GB27039/28A GB297434A (en) 1927-09-21 1928-09-20 Improvements in or relating to coupling arrangements for use in high frequency circuits

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US221091A US1898180A (en) 1927-09-21 1927-09-21 Coupling arrangement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1898180A true US1898180A (en) 1933-02-21

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US221091A Expired - Lifetime US1898180A (en) 1927-09-21 1927-09-21 Coupling arrangement

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US1898180A (en))
BE (1) BE354357A (en))
DE (1) DE508899C (en))
GB (1) GB297434A (en))

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2438367A (en) * 1942-10-24 1948-03-23 Gen Electric Transmitter-receiver switching system
US2637781A (en) * 1945-09-14 1953-05-05 Us Navy Series reactance transformer

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2187042A (en) * 1986-02-21 1987-08-26 Plessey Co Plc Impedance matching circuit for an aerial

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2438367A (en) * 1942-10-24 1948-03-23 Gen Electric Transmitter-receiver switching system
US2637781A (en) * 1945-09-14 1953-05-05 Us Navy Series reactance transformer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB297434A (en) 1928-12-13
BE354357A (en))
DE508899C (de) 1930-10-04

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