US1897686A - Liquid coating composition and method of preparing the same - Google Patents

Description

Patented Feb, 14, 1933 i l UNITED STATES-PATENT? OFFICE some A. wIL'soN, F ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY LIQUID COATING COMPOSITION AND METHOD or PREPARING THE SAME no Drawing. Application filed December as, 1929. Serial No. 417,264.

This invention relates to liquid coating heated until the oil is completely dissolved in compositions and more particularly to comthe melted gum, and I then dissolve this hot positions of this character which contain a melted mixture in some suitable solvent such drying oil. as xylol, toluol, etc. either with or without the; I. It has heretofore been proposed to employ addition of naphtha or turpentine. This sothickened, blown, or partially oxidized drylution, when cool, is them suitable for use as a ing oils as ingredients of paints, varnishes base for making a primer, or for other purand the like, and it has also been proposed to poses, and such a composition when applied utilize certain drying oils such as China wood to the surface to be coated will require for; 5 I 10 oil, polymerized and thickened by the applihardening only a length of time sufficient for cation of heat. the drying out of the solvent. .When the As distinguished from partially oxidized solvent has evaporated a true oil base film or polymerized oils, I propose to use oils remains. which have been completely oxidized to a sub- Ifind in practice that the process of com-r 1 15 stantially solid state, and to a condition in bining the oxidized oil with the gum and which they are no longer soluble in the ord1- solvent can befacilitated by first reducing nary solvents which are normally capable of the oxidized oil to a state of fine subdivision dissolving the oils. as for example by passing it through a mill or As is well known, the drying or hardening chopper of the meat grinder type. When 29 of films of oil paints and the like, as comthus prepared, I find that good results can monly employed, is due to the oxidation of be obtained by the use of equal parts of the the linseed or similar drying oil which they oxidized oil and rosin. When certain other contain. This oxidation process, even where gums are employed a somewhat larger pro boiled oils, mixed with a drier, are used, reportion is required.

5 quires considerable time, and it is usually a It will of course be understood that in the matter of days before such a film of oil paint commercial preparation of my improved completely loses its tackiness and dust catchcoating compositions, the properties of this ing properties. One of the objects of the base may be modified as required, by the present invention, therefore, is to provide an addition of other materials such as gums,;-

30 oil base coating composition which will dry resins, oils and any desired pigments, the

or harden quickly. To this end I propose to latter being preferably incorporated by utilize, as above stated, a completely oxidized grinding, and I find that the larger the prooil, so that, when the coating is applied, there portion of oxidized oil and pigments, the is no appreciable further oxidation of such greater the durability of the film.

35 oil, but the drying andL hardening ofthe film According to another method, I find that takes place rapidly as a result of the evapora oils oxidized to a point where they are not tion of the solvents. soluble in any of the ordinary solvents, may

In carrying out the invention Imay employ be dissolved, under the influence of heat, in any of the well known drying oils, such for certain fatty acids. Thus, completely oxi'-;

0 example as linseed oil, China wood oil, or the dized linseed or China wood oil can be dislike. solved in linoleic acid at a temperature of According to one method I proceed as fol about 600 F., and at atmospheric pressure. lows. I take a suitable quantity of com- I further find that plain unoxidized linseed pletely oxidized oil in a substantially solid oil may be employed instead of linoleic acid,

5 condition similar to that known as skins, if the percentage of this acid present in this in which condition the oil is not soluble in oil is sufficiently high. any of the ordinary solvents such as turpen- The product resulting from the solution of tine, naphtha, xylol, etc. I add to this oil a completely oxidized oils in linoleic acid, or in suitable proportion of gum such as rosin, oils containing this acid is of a somewhat damar or the like. This mixture is then thick and tacky nature. It may, however, be

readily cut or thinned to the desired con sistency by means of any of the usual solvents such as solvent naphtha, turpentine, etc. and

4 may have added to it any desired gum, resin,

pigment or drier, to modify its properties as required. The material prepared in this way constitutes a highly useful liquid coating composition which can advantageously be employed as a base for primers, surfacers, varnishes and enamels.

It will, of course, be understood that when the composition contains unoxidized oil or linoleic acid, as above set forth, it does not dry as rapidly as the material first described, but the drying or complete oxidation of the film can be hastened by heating or baking the coated articles.

According to still another method of utilizing the completely oxidized oil, I first preferably chop it up by passing through a mill of the meat grinder type and then subject it to a prolonged grinding in a pebble or similar mill, in the presence of a suitable liquid vehicle, with or without the addition of a gum. As examples of liquid vehicles which may be thus employed I may mention benzol, toluol, 'xylol, solvent naphtha, petroleum naphtha, turpentine, etc., or mixtures of these, as well as such solvents as acetone, ethyl acetate, etc. It is possible that the mixture which results from the above mentioned grinding of the oil in the presence of these liquid vehicles is in the nature of a colloidal solution. 7

I find that it is possible to produce by this pebble mill method a mixture of the completely oxidized oil with a suitable vehicle such as turpentine, which mixture can, by properly proportionmg the ingredients, be made to have a thick creamy consistency similar to that of the so-called liquid wax so largely used for rubbing. and polishing wooden and other articles. Furthermore, while, when lacquer applied over an undercoat of ordinary wax will not dry properly, if at all, I find that my improved oil base product of waxy consistency has no effect on the lacquer. It will of course be understood that when preparing my improved waxy product, small quantities of gums or resins such as rosin, ester gum, damar, shellac or synthetic gums may be added, if desired, in order to insure against any possibility of tackiness. These may be dissolved in their respective solvents and then mixed with the oil base composition, or they may be introduced into the pebble mill pigments may be added to the batch of material in the pebble mill if. desired to produce a colored product. It .will be noted that this grinding process of incorporating completely oxidized oils with a liquid vehicle is a cold process, requiring no heat.

-What I claim is:

1. A liquid coating composition comprising a drying oil completely oxidized to a dry substantially solid state, combined with a gum of the group consisting of rosin and damar to form a true solution, and further dissolved in a suitable volatile solvent.

2. A liquid coating composition comprising a drying oil completely oxidized to a point where it is no longer soluble in any solvent normally capable of dissolving the oil, an organic acid material of the group consisting of abietic and linoleic acids, and a volatile solvent.

3. The method of preparing a coating composition which comprises completely oxidizing a drying oil to a condition in which it is no longer soluble in the ordinary solvents capable of dissolving the oil, andthen combining said oxidized oil under the influenceof heat with a soluble gum of the group consisting of rosin and damar, and adding one of such solvents to the mixture.

4. The method ofpreparing a liquid coating composition which comprises completely" oxidizing a drying oil to a condition in which it is no longer soluble in theordinarysolvents capable of dissolving the oil, combining said oxidized oil by heating with an organic acid material of the group consisting of abietic and linoleic acid, and then dissolving the combination in one of said solvents.

5. The method of bringing into solution a drying oil oxidized to a condition in which it is no longer soluble in the ordinary solvents,- which method comprises mixing with such oxidized oil a gum of .the group consisting of rosin and damar, heating the mixture above the melting point of suchgum, and then dissolving the melted mixture in one of said solvents.

6. The method of manufacturing a liquid coating composition which comprises completely oxidizing a drying oil to a substantially solid state, bringing such oil into solu-' JOHN A. WILSON.

along with the oxidized oils and ground together. Furthermore, suitable quantities of