US1895948A - Spiral spring - Google Patents
Spiral spring Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1895948A US1895948A US515580A US51558031A US1895948A US 1895948 A US1895948 A US 1895948A US 515580 A US515580 A US 515580A US 51558031 A US51558031 A US 51558031A US 1895948 A US1895948 A US 1895948A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- spring
- spiral
- springs
- bar
- relation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
- F16F1/04—Wound springs
- F16F1/10—Spiral springs with turns lying substantially in plane surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
- F16F1/04—Wound springs
- F16F1/041—Wound springs with means for modifying the spring characteristics
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
- G04B1/10—Driving mechanisms with mainspring
- G04B1/12—Driving mechanisms with mainspring with several mainsprings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
- G04B1/10—Driving mechanisms with mainspring
- G04B1/18—Constructions for connecting the ends of the mainsprings with the barrel or the arbor
Definitions
- Figure 1 is a view of two spiral springs curve-d in reverse directions, the outer endsAA being connected by bar B to which they are rigidly connected.
- Figure 2 is a view of two spiral springs, curved in opposite directions, superimposed one on the other.
- Figure 3 is a View of a single spiral spring with the outer end attached to a movable bar as hereinafter described, 1
- a spiral spring as an elastic bar permanently curved in such a way that a point moving along it, or along its projection on a plane, would revolve about a fixed point, here called the inner end or center, while at the same time departing from that center, and of sufiioient length so that a straight line between that center and the outer curve of the bar will intersect the bar more than once.
- the outer endof the spring I define as the point where the spiral as above defined ceases, either because of the termination of the bar itself, because of a material change in its direction, or because the spring starts to approach the center instead of de- 7 parting from it.
- the inner end of the spring I define as the center of the spiral, regardless of whether or not the spring terminates before the center is actually reached.
- Figure 1 of the accompany- 1ng drawing shows two spiral springs curved in reverse directions, the outer ends AA being connected bybar B, to which they are rigidly connected. If, now, these springs be simultaneously stressed b rotating the tangents to the inner ends CC in opposite directions, the radial distances AC and AC will be reduced. At the same time the connecting bar B will maintain the tangents at the points AA in'constantrelation to the radii CA and CA'.
- FIG. 2 of the accompanying drawin is another illustration of'the application 0 my discovery.
- two spiral springs X and Y curved in opposite directions, are superimposed one upon the other. If the innor end of spring X be held fixed, while the tangent to the inner end of spring Y be rotated, the outer end A of spring Y will be caused to move in a circular path. This point is, however, connected to the outer end A of spring X. The movement of the end A caused by the rotation of the inner end of spring Y causes a circular movement of i A, theouterend of springX.
- the elastic resistance of spring X prevents m0 the free motion of points A and A, and causes both spring X and spring Y to change their normal shape.
- Spiral! springs. embodying my invention have. adefiniteadva-ntage over. those not em.- bodying. it,-.in.- this. respectc-When a spiral spring. is put'under stress, either by holding the inner'end ina fixedposition and moving. the outer end-in a curvedpat'h, or by holding the outer. end in such a: way asto prevent. movement in aicurved' path androtating the tangent of? the inner. end in a curved direction, the strain-at. diiferent points: along thecurve of. the bar varies; that is to say, the stress isnot uniformly distributed through out the lengthot thebar. Vhenthisoccurs, it.
- Pclaim 1 The. combination of a spiral spring, means for stressing said spring to produce coilingor. uncoiling. of. the. spring. while permittingthe linear. distance :between the ends of'tliespring. to. change, .andYmeans-for maintaining the. tangent tothe. curve. of. the. outer. endof the spring. in constant.relation.tothestraight line betweenit. and. the. inner. end during. such coiling; or. uncoiling; operation.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
Description
Jan. 31, 1933. VAN DEN 'BRQEK 1,895,948
SPIRAL SPRING Filed Feb. 13, 1931 figure 2 figural.
/m/em0/- fiyure. 5.
Patented Jan. 31, 1933 UNITED STATES;
PATENT OFFICE JOHN A. VAN DER BROEK, OF ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN [SPIRAL SPRING My invention relates to improvements in spiral springs and their use andis designed to eliminate the contact of the various convolutions of such springs, and the consequent friction resulting from such contact, when such springs are stressed.
I'attain this objective by mechanism illus trated in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a view of two spiral springs curve-d in reverse directions, the outer endsAA being connected by bar B to which they are rigidly connected. Figure 2 is a view of two spiral springs, curved in opposite directions, superimposed one on the other. Figure 3 is a View of a single spiral spring with the outer end attached to a movable bar as hereinafter described, 1
For the purpose of the description which follows, I define a spiral spring as an elastic bar permanently curved in such a way that a point moving along it, or along its projection on a plane, would revolve about a fixed point, here called the inner end or center, while at the same time departing from that center, and of sufiioient length so that a straight line between that center and the outer curve of the bar will intersect the bar more than once. The outer endof the spring I define as the point where the spiral as above defined ceases, either because of the termination of the bar itself, because of a material change in its direction, or because the spring starts to approach the center instead of de- 7 parting from it. The inner end of the spring I define as the center of the spiral, regardless of whether or not the spring terminates before the center is actually reached.
I have discovered what has heretofore been unknown as a feature of spiral springs, namely, that if the ends of the spring be permitted freedom of motion in radial relation to each other, while at the same time the tangent of the curve at the outer end is held in constant angular relation to the straight line connecting the ends, the spring can be stressed by coiling or uncoiling without causing the several coils of the spring to lose their relative concentricity, and in consequence, without causing the points of the spring along any one radius to come into contact sooner than do the points along other radii. In other words, my discovery is one whereby the friction in the coiling or uncoiling movement of the spring caused by the contact of the several coils of the spring while it is being coiled or uncoiled can be avoided. This tendency of a spring to retain the relatively concentricv position of its coils while under stress can be produced only by permitting a free movement of the two ends in linear relation to each other,
-Wl1ll6 at the same time maintaining the tangent to the curve of the outer end in constant. angular relation to the straight line connecting it with the inner end. Th. freedom of radial movement coupled with the maintenance of constant angular relation of the tangent can be accomplished in. various ways. Figure 1 of the accompany- 1ng drawing, for example, shows two spiral springs curved in reverse directions, the outer ends AA being connected bybar B, to which they are rigidly connected. If, now, these springs be simultaneously stressed b rotating the tangents to the inner ends CC in opposite directions, the radial distances AC and AC will be reduced. At the same time the connecting bar B will maintain the tangents at the points AA in'constantrelation to the radii CA and CA'. Converse- 1y, when the torque at the points C and C. so is decreased andthe springs are allowed to resume their normal shape, the radii CA, G A willincrease in lengthwhile the relation of the tangents at A, A to the radii is maintained constant by the bar B. 35
Figure 2 of the accompanying drawin is another illustration of'the application 0 my discovery. Here two spiral springs X and Y, curved in opposite directions, are superimposed one upon the other. If the innor end of spring X be held fixed, while the tangent to the inner end of spring Y be rotated, the outer end A of spring Y will be caused to move in a circular path. This point is, however, connected to the outer end A of spring X. The movement of the end A caused by the rotation of the inner end of spring Y causes a circular movement of i A, theouterend of springX. The elastic resistance of spring X, however, prevents m0 the free motion of points A and A, and causes both spring X and spring Y to change their normal shape. In other words, the rotation of the center of spring Y causes both spring Y and spring X to be stressed. As this rotating, or stressing, process continues, the outer ends. A..and A continue to move in a curvedipath, hut at the samertimeathey are free to lessen or increase the radial distance between themselves and the centers of their respective springs; Iflthe connection; of the outer ends A and A be of such a nature as to prevent the tangents of thesetivo' ends from moving in relation to each other,
it will also maintain the tangents in constant relation. to the line between them and. the respective. centers.
Another method is a single spring (Figure- 3.),,the outer end, A, of which: is rigidly fas-.-
tenedito.arigid bai; B,-.said .bar being'in con? tact with aiperpendicular pinatthecenter G. Thisbar is free to move againstsuch pin, but is prevented from angular moti on :by another pin, D,.somewhere. outside the periphery of the spring, As this spring. isstressed by. rotating. the: tangent of the inners en.d,.the outer end,A, is prevented. from. movement in-acurvedlpath by. contactotthe bar againstthe two pins mentioned As this contact,. however, does not prevent longitudinal movement. ofthe bar the end A. is free to approachthe innerendorto depart from it, but-the. tangent at A- because of the rigidity ofithe. connection of. the end A and. the bar' ]31willb e maintainedin constant relationto.
the line fromAto G.
Theseillustrations are givenonly for the: sake of. illustration, and. while I. claim.- them specifically,.I do not. limit my claimsto the 405 particular forms thus explained.
Spiral! springs. embodying my invention have. adefiniteadva-ntage over. those not em.- bodying. it,-.in.- this. respectc-When a spiral spring. is put'under stress, either by holding the inner'end ina fixedposition and moving. the outer end-in a curvedpat'h, or by holding the outer. end in such a: way asto prevent. movement in aicurved' path androtating the tangent of? the inner. end in a curved direction, the strain-at. diiferent points: along thecurve of. the bar varies; that is to say, the stress isnot uniformly distributed through out the lengthot thebar. Vhenthisoccurs, it. the ends ofthe spring are-maintained at apermanently" unchanging linear distance. from. each other, the coilstend. to change their. normal unstressed shape in relation to the center, andito lose'their true. spiral con? figuration. Those parts in the line. of. one
radius fromthe center tend to be thrust away fromthecenter, while those parts alongthe opposite radius tend to be thrust. towardthe center. As. this condition. is. exaggerated thosepoints along, the latter. radius. eventually are. broughtinto juxtaposition witheach.
other. As the movement of the coils is continued after these parts have come into contact, a friction between these contact points is created. By my discovery that the tendency of the coils to assume an eccentric position can be markedly lessened by allowing the endsof thespring free movement .in their linean'distance:-ifrom each.o.ther while maintaining the tangent of the outer end in constant angular relation to the straight line conneoting'it with theinner end, I am able practically to eliminate this friction.
Pclaim 1. The. combination of a spiral spring, means for stressing said spring to produce coilingor. uncoiling. of. the. spring. while permittingthe linear. distance :between the ends of'tliespring. to. change, .andYmeans-for maintaining the. tangent tothe. curve. of. the. outer. endof the spring. in constant.relation.tothestraight line betweenit. and. the. inner. end during. such coiling; or. uncoiling; operation.
2. The combination offtwo. spiral springs, means for. stressing. oneor both. of. said.
springs to: produce. coiling or. uncoiling. off
thesprings, and means .for attaching an .end: of one. springto anand-of the-.otherin such. away as to maintain the. ends so attached in constantatangential:relation to eacliotherv while. leavingthem free. to vary their. linear. distance. fiiomthe other ends of the. springs during said coiling or uncoiling operation J OHN A VAN DEN. BBOEKC
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US515580A US1895948A (en) | 1931-02-13 | 1931-02-13 | Spiral spring |
DEB151710D DE559970C (en) | 1931-02-13 | 1931-08-25 | Coil spring arrangement |
CH162538D CH162538A (en) | 1931-02-13 | 1931-08-26 | Spiral spring attachment. |
GB25036/31A GB371269A (en) | 1931-02-13 | 1931-09-07 | Improvements in or relating to spiral springs and their use |
FR723618D FR723618A (en) | 1931-02-13 | 1931-09-11 | Method of stressing and using spiral springs |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US515580A US1895948A (en) | 1931-02-13 | 1931-02-13 | Spiral spring |
DEB151710D DE559970C (en) | 1931-02-13 | 1931-08-25 | Coil spring arrangement |
CH162538T | 1931-08-26 | ||
GB25036/31A GB371269A (en) | 1931-02-13 | 1931-09-07 | Improvements in or relating to spiral springs and their use |
FR723618T | 1931-09-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1895948A true US1895948A (en) | 1933-01-31 |
Family
ID=10221172
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US515580A Expired - Lifetime US1895948A (en) | 1931-02-13 | 1931-02-13 | Spiral spring |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1895948A (en) |
CH (1) | CH162538A (en) |
DE (1) | DE559970C (en) |
FR (1) | FR723618A (en) |
GB (1) | GB371269A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2609192A (en) * | 1949-05-28 | 1952-09-02 | Eastern Metals Res Co Inc | Coil spring and coil spring assembly, including the support for such springs |
US2919500A (en) * | 1956-08-21 | 1960-01-05 | Elizabeth A Simpson | Reading-training devices |
US4630866A (en) * | 1984-03-14 | 1986-12-23 | Morse Controls Limited | Seat recline unit |
US10422398B2 (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2019-09-24 | Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology | Apparatus for damping vibration |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2525308A1 (en) * | 1982-04-15 | 1983-10-21 | Paris & Du Rhone | Anti-vibration clip for motor vehicle starter motor solenoid - uses spring steel cradle with ends rolled to carry solenoid and absorb its motion in order to damp vibration |
-
1931
- 1931-02-13 US US515580A patent/US1895948A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1931-08-25 DE DEB151710D patent/DE559970C/en not_active Expired
- 1931-08-26 CH CH162538D patent/CH162538A/en unknown
- 1931-09-07 GB GB25036/31A patent/GB371269A/en not_active Expired
- 1931-09-11 FR FR723618D patent/FR723618A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2609192A (en) * | 1949-05-28 | 1952-09-02 | Eastern Metals Res Co Inc | Coil spring and coil spring assembly, including the support for such springs |
US2919500A (en) * | 1956-08-21 | 1960-01-05 | Elizabeth A Simpson | Reading-training devices |
US4630866A (en) * | 1984-03-14 | 1986-12-23 | Morse Controls Limited | Seat recline unit |
US10422398B2 (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2019-09-24 | Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology | Apparatus for damping vibration |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE559970C (en) | 1932-09-27 |
FR723618A (en) | 1932-04-11 |
GB371269A (en) | 1932-04-21 |
CH162538A (en) | 1933-06-30 |
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