US1895424A - Light colored mixture of vegetable phosphatides and fatty oil - Google Patents

Description

Patented Jan. 24, 1933 UNIT-ED STA ,nnnno nnwam), or mnunacnnmnv nrenr conoann MIXTURE or vnen'rimrn rnosrim'rmns AND ram 011;

1 Ho Drawing. Application filed May 6,1931, Serial 'No. 535,553, and in'Germany October 21, 1828.

My invention relates to light colored mixtures of vegetable phosphatides and fatty oils and to methods of making the'same.

- In the recovery. of the vegetable phospha tides (including lecithin) which are contained in soya beans these phos'phatides are dissolved together with the oil '(in an oil solvent) during the extraction and are afterwards separated therefrom, for example by passing exhaust. steam into thepil after the solvent used for extraction has been evaporated. This yields a vegetable lecithin which after centrifuging out the main 'quantity'of oil, still contains 40% oil, which cannot be separated by mechanical means from the.

phosphatides. For many purposes, especially those in which the vegetable lecithin is used together with oils or fats, e. g. in the manufacture of some grades of margarine, chocolate,

confectionery, and in the textile industry,-

etc., the oil content is not a disturbing factor and in fact is even desirable because the phosphatides-thereby acquire or retain a more pliable consistency and become much 'more;

stable, that is, they do not decompose so rapidly when heated. The dark color of the crude soya oil contained in the phosphatide's (in some cases) is disadvantageous, because it may color the product treated therewith.

In order to improve this color, it has already been proposed that the mixture consist;

ing of oil and lecithin should be repeatedly.

- washed out with refined oil of the same oil-.

bearing fruit, that is for-example, soya bean oil, so that the dark oil originally present is replaced by purified clear oil. H

This is rather an awkwardand costly proc:' ess. Furthermore it is not always expedient to add soya bean oil to the soya lecithin,

in-place of the original soya oil, as this soyal bean oil even when refined still has a certain natural color of its own and for manypur oses has deleterious properties, because it' longs to thesemi-dry oils. Therefore its complete-removal wouldfrequently be desirable. It' is much more advantageous to use] nature for this purpose an oil/which by white or almost colorless. In accordance with the present invention have succeeded in obtaining light-color of another oil is not desired. Then after mixing with the oil) the resi'dueoi the 9 solvent still present in the mixture of vege-, \table phosphatides and oil, that is the residsubject to oxidation or, ra idifi ti than the originalfoil). w

In order. toicarry out my invention, the lecithin obtained in well known manner by extraction from thesoya beans -'is first re moved mechanically from the main' quantity of the entrained oil bycentrifuging. The

Water contained in the residue, which consistsof vegetable lecithin with 30 to 40% of oil is expelled by distillation under vacuum. After this-preliminary treatment, the mix-' ture is dissolved-in a solvent lIl'WhlCll fats and oils are soluble, but ilecithih not soluble at T room temperature, e. g. acetone or acetic es- .ters (ethylacetate or ethyl acetate); Preferablythe operationis carried out under heat,

whereupon the solution is allowed to cool and the vegetable lecithin separates out quite well. "As far aspossible the sediment (i.- e. i

the lecithin) is separated from, the liquid and f mixed with asllitable refined fluid orsolid oil or fat orpure refined hydro'enated .oil,

e: g, refined peanuto'il, coconut oil, palm oil,

cocoa butter, sesame (gingili) oil, hydroso genated peanut, hydrogenated sesame oil, etc. Moreover refined soya bean oil,.also hydrogenated, maybe used if the application (i.- e.

ual acetone or acetic ester, are ex lled by heating under vacuum; The chie th-in'g is that the 'oil is first added before the acetic ester or acetone is completely-removed, because the vegetable lecithin freed from oil otherwise does not-uniformly mix after being subjected to distillation.

The process may for -example carried;

out as follows;

a The lecithin or the phosphatides (contain ing soya bean oil, say 30 to 40%) are treated with a five fold quantity-ofacetone or. acetic the-temperatures used during ester at ordinary temperature. Then the mass "is cooled down to about 5 deg. (3., whereupon the lecithin easily settles. The sediment consisting of vegetable lecithin is -separated from the liquid and uniformly mixed with 30% refined peanut oil or coconut oil or cocoa butter or the like, and thereafter the acetone or acetic ester still in the mixture,'is expelled by distilling under reduced air pressure. It is not desired to limit the amount of such oil to 30%. In this case it will be seen that the amount of suchoil is less than the amount of suchlecithin, and obviously for formin "a concentrate I- use such proportions as to orm a mixture in which the amount of lecithin in the mixture is many times more than the amount which would ordinarily be used in final products (e. g. foods, etc.) in which it is customary to use 2 lecithin amounting to only a very' minor percentage, (often a fraction of one per cent) of the entire mixture. For example it is common in margarine, to use a few tenths of a er cent of added lecithin. I c aim:

1 1. Method of makin light colored mixtures of vegetable phosp atides and fatty oil, comprising mechanically freeing soya lecithin from the main quantity of the original oil contained therein, treating the soya lecithin with a solvent which will dissolve the oil still present but in the cold does not dissolve the lecithin, separating the lecithin, mixing it with refinedoil and thereafter removing the rest of the solvent present in the mixture by distilling under vacuum.

2. Method of making light colored mixtures of vegetable phosphatides and fatty oil, comprising mechanically freeing soya lecithin from the main quantity of the oil con tained therein, treatin the soya. lecithin with acetone, separating the lecithin, mixing it with a refined oil and thereafter removing the rest of the solvent present in the mixture by distilling under-vacuum.

3. Method of producing light colored mixtures of vegetable phosphatides and fatty oil, comprising mechanically freeing soya lecithin from the main quantity of the oil contained therein, treating the soya lecithin with acetic ester, separating the lecithin thereafter mixing it with arefined edible attyoil" and thereafter removing the rest of the so vent present in the'mixture by undervacuum. In testimony whereof I aflix m signature. BRUNO'R WALD.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,895,424. January 24, 1955 BRUNO REWALD.

It is hereby certified that I error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1, line '71,

for the word "ethyl" first occurrence, read methyl; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 19th day of May, A; D. 1936.

Leslie Frazer (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.