US1891511A

US1891511A - Building construction

Info

Publication number: US1891511A
Application number: US503635A
Authority: US
Inventors: Frederick M Venzie
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1930-12-20
Filing date: 1930-12-20
Publication date: 1932-12-20
Anticipated expiration: 1949-12-20

Description

Dec. 20, 1932. F. M. vl-:NzlE

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Deo. 20. 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INI/ENTOR DeC. 2o, 1932, F; M VENUE 1,891,511

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 'Filed Deo. 2o, 1930 2 sheets-sheet 2 Patented Dec. 20, 1932 FREDERICK M. VENZAIE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA BUILDING .CONSTRUCTION Application r11-ea December 2o, 1930. serial N0.15o3,635. 'Y

This invention, generally stated, relates'to a build-ing structure and has more vespecial relation to ceiling slabs as utilized 4in con-V nection witha building construction.

5' One object of the present invention is to provide a ceiling structure in which pre-cast slabs of cement'itious material have interloc-ked relation both longitudinally and lateralfly considered whereby the ceiling slabs have continuous reinforced connection from end to end of a building both throughout its length and breadth.` Y

Another object of the present invention is to provide a ceiling construction in which pre-cast slabs lhave interlocked connection at their ends by means of knuckle-jointk arrangement of parts.V

A further object of the present invention l is to prov-ide a ceiling construction in which V pre-cast slabs longitudinally considered are re-in'forced in a continuous manner throughout the length of a building by means of an angle iron, ladder-like construction with ad- Ajacent slabs vtied or coupled together laterally throughout the breadth of a building.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a ceiling structure of the cha-racter stated in which means is provided for readily suspending pre-cast ceiling slabs even though the floor members may not be evenly spaced.

A st-ill further object of the present invention is to provide means for engaging the Alongitudinal edges of adjacent edges of precast ceiling slabs intermediate spaced floor members to prevent buckling at such points as are not directly supported by the floorV members. y

A still further object of the present invention is to provide a novel form of pre-cast ceiling slabsuspending cli-p which is capable of use either in connection with properly spaced floor members or auxiliary members as supported from flooring.

A stil-l further object of the lpresent invention is to provide a ceiling construction of the character stated in which unskilled labor Y' may lreadily and expeditiously assemble ceiling slabs of pre-cast cementrtious material.

A still further object ofthe present invention is to provide a structure of the character :stated which is simple, eflicient, and relatively inexpensive to manufacture, ythe various parts being Triade at -a central plant for shipping to point lof -erectionfready for 55. assembling. v 1

Other and further Vobjects of Ithe present invention reside in the provision of general details Aof construction and in the arrangement, combination, and connectionof parts for attaining the results sought by the foregoing -objects l rThe invention consists of the novel construction hereinafter described and finally i claimed. 5

The nature, characteristic features and v scope of the invention will be more fully unders'tood from the `following description taken in connection withthe accompanying drawings forming Vpart hereof, and in which:

Fig. l is a view principally in longitudinal' section =of pre-cast ceiling slabs as supported from "Hoo r members;

Fig. 2 is a view in cross section of a pair of the ceiling slabs shown in Fig. l, as tied 75' orl coupled together;

Fig. .3 is a view in end the ceiling slabs;

Fig. 14 is a view in perspective of one 0f gie Ycleiling slab supporting clips shown in 89 Fig. 5 is a view taken upon the section line 5 5 of F ig. l;

Fig. 6 is a v-iew as seen vfrom the underside of pre-cast slabs coupled or' tied Itogether;

F 7 is a 'longitudinal edge view -of one of the slabs Fig. Sis a. view in side elevation of a metal clip 'for coupling together pre-cast ceiling. slabs laterally;

Fig. '9 is an end view of Fig. 8; vand lF-ig. l0 is a fragmentary view in crossseotion illustrating a slightly modiied manner of coupling together adjacent ceiling slabs.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention I have shown in the accompanying drawings two forms thereof vwhich are at present Ypreferred by me, since the same have elevation of one of been found in practice to give satisfactory and reliable results, although it is to be understood that the various instrumentalities of which my invention consists can be variously arranged and organized and that my inven tion is not limited to the precise arrangement and organization of the instrumentalities as herein shown and described. i

Referring now to the drawings in detail, and with more especial relation first to Figs. 1 to 9 inclusive, the reference numeral 11 designates a floor of cementitious material supported upon floor members 12, usually I-beams, which may be or may not be equally spaced apart, and which as practice dictates are not usually found equally spaced This is particularly true when it'becomes neces-V sary to introduce a girder designated 13 in connection with the iioo 'ine'. vIt also happens that it sometimes becomes necessary to introduce a plasterers channel 14 between a pair of floor members. Having these conditions in mind itis of the essence of the present invention that means be provided to properly suspend, with respect to the flooring 11, pre-cast ceiling slabs 15 of cementitious material. Each slab 15 has embedded therein a reinforcement comprising a ladder-like structure made up of spaced, parallel, longitudinal angle-irons 16 of inverted VL-shape, connecting which .angle-irons are cross-members 17 usually of relatively heavy wire, the terminus of each cross-member being bent over the tops of the'angle-irons as at 18, see Fig. 2. Each slab 15 is provided at each end with spaced lingers 19 slightly bevelled, as shown best inFig. 3, for cooperatively engaging similar iingers of an adjoining slab, as is clearly illustrated in Fig. 5, to interlock the slabs longitudinally considered from end to end of a' building structure. Each ceiling slab, longitudinally considered, is grooved as at 20 to accept the fingers of metal clips best seen in Figs. 4 and 8, a description of which will presently be given. Each slab is also provided along its longitudinal edges with spaced, vertically disposed slots 21, across which the angle-irons 16 extend as best seen in Fig. 6. TWhen the ceiling slabs are positioned side by side and end to end as clearly shown in Fig. 6, the wires 22 are employed for coupling together adjacent slabs, thus providing an` interlock of re-inforced parts Vthroughout .the width of the building. rlhe tie-wires 22 arepassed through apertures formed in the vertical bars of the angleirons 16, best seen in Fig. 2. The longitudinal edges of the slabs are also provided with ribs 23 and grooves 24 to complete an interlock of parts laterally. The

ceiling slabs in practice are further coupled.

together or interlocked by means of metal clips, as best seen 1n Figs. 8 and 9. The clip is designated by reference numeral 25 and is stamped from a single blank so as to provideA `notched

portions

29 and 30.

a vertically disposed bar 26. Extended therefrom at right angles thereto are horizontally opposed lingers 27 the lower-most ones of which are adapted to engage in the grooves 20 of the ceiling slabs, and the upper-most ones of which are adapt-ed to engage over the top faces of adjacent slabs, as best seen in Fig. 5. rihe ceiling slabs are suspended from the floor members by means of a reversible clip, best seen in Fig. 4. `Fach clip is stamped from a single blank and comprises a vertically disposed plate 28 havingv opposed In use the notched portion 29 of a clip is caused to engage over the lower flange of an I-beam 12, as best seen inrFig. 1. However, in case it is necessary, because the floor supports are not properly spaced, to make use of an auxiliary floor member 31 to support a small channel 32, then the notched portion of a clip is caused to engage over the channel 32. In

either case the fingers 33 of plate 28 are caused to engage over theupper surface of a ceiling slab and the lingers 34 are caused to engage the grooves 2O of adjacent slabs for suspending the latter from a floor member. It is to be observed that the

fingers

33 and 34 are arranged at right angles to the plate 28 and are disposed in different horizontal planes. rlhe plate28 of a clip is provided with opening 35 wherebythe latter may be nailed to place with respect to a ceiling slab. In someinstances it may be advisable :to em* ploy small channel-irons 14 between the floor membersin order to suspend adjacent ends of the ceiling slabs. In such case I make use of metal, hook-likemembers 36 for engagin over the channel-irons and beneath wires 1r embedded in the slabs 15.V In the connection it is to be noted that apertures may be formed upon the top faces of the slabs in order that the bottoms of the hook-like members 36 may be caused to.v engage the wires 17.

The construction disclosed in Fig. 1() is similar in all respects to that disclosed in the other figures, with the exception that the angle-irons 16 forming part of the ladderlike reinforcement are secured or tied together' by means of tie-wires 38 having swivelled cross rods 39 whereby when the tiewires of the cross-rods 39 are introduced through apertures in the tops ofthe slabs to permit the cross-rods to rest upon the slab tops and the terminus of the tie wires twisted together beneath the angle-irons 16 of the reinforcement, a complete and efficient interlock of ceiling slabs is obtained.

TWhat. is claimedis:

, 1. In a ceiling structure of the character stated, floor members of metal having flanged portions, pre-cast ceiling slabs of cementitious material arranged beneath said floor members endtoend in abutting relation, said abutting ends having interlocked relation onewith another, the sides of said ceiling slabshaving longitudinal grooves therein, and metal clips for suspending said ceiling slabs from said floor members, each clip comprising a fiat plate having extended therefrom at right angles fingers for engaging in the grooves of said slabs and being notched in a plane above said fingers to engage over the flanged portion ofsaid ioor members.

2. In a ceiling structure of the character stated, floor members of metal having iianged portions, pre-cast ceiling slabs of cementitious material arranged beneath said floor members end to end in abutting relation, said abutting ends having interlocked relation one with another, the sides of said ceiling slabs having longitudinal grooves therein, a reinforcement/of ladder-like form embedded in each slab, the side rails of said reinforcement paralleling the slab sides, and metal clips for suspending said ceiling slabs from said floor members, each clip com risatright angles fingers for engaging in the grooves of said slabs and being notched in a plane above said fingers to engage over th-e fianged portion of said floor members.

3. In a ceiling structure of the character stated, floor members of metal having flanged portions, pre-cast ceiling slabs of cementitious material arranged beneath said floor members end to end in abutting relation, said abutting yends having interloclred relation one with another, the sides of said ceiling slabs having longitudinal grooves therein, a reinforcement of ladder-like form embedded in each slab, the side rails of said reinforcement paralleling the slab sides, tie Wires connecting the side rails of adjacent slabs to form an interlock, and metal clips for suspending said ceiling slabs from said floor members, each clip comprising a Hatplate having extended therefrom at right angles fingers for engaging in the grooves of said slabs and being notched in a plane above said ngers to engage over the iianged portion of said floor members.

4. In a ceiling structure of the character stated, floor members of metal having flanged portions, pre-cast ceiling slabs of cementitious material arranged beneath said floor members end to end in abutting relation one with another, the sides of said ceiling slabs having longitudinal grooves therein, met-al clips for suspending said ceiling slabs from said floor members, each clip comprising a fiat plate having extended therefrom at right angles fingers for engaging in the grooves of said slabs and being notched in a plane above said fingers to engage over the flanged portion of said fioor members, and other clips engaging the grooves of adjacent slabs for coupling said slabs together intermediate said floor members.

5. In a ceilingI structure of the character engage over ing a flat plate having extended there rom Stated, floor membersiof metal having yflanged portions, pre-cast :ceiling: slabs of .cementi-` tiousmaterial arranged beneath said iioor membersfend to end in :abutting relation, said abut-ting ends having interloclred relation one with another, f the sides-of', said ceiling slabs'having longitudinal grooves-therein, a reinforcement of ladder-like form embedded in each slab, the side ,rails 0f said reinforcement paralleling the slab sides, tiewires contended therefrom at right'angles fingers for engaging inthe grooves vof said'slabs and being notched in a planeabove said lingersto the iianged portion of saidzfloor members. Y i v- 6. y,In a. ceiling structureof thexcharacter stated, Hoor membersof metal having fianged portions, pre-,cast ceiling slabs of cementitious material arranged beneathsaid. fioor members end to end inabutting relation,fsaid abutting .ends having interlocked relation one with another, the sidesof said ceilingV slabs having longitudinal 'grooves therein, metal clips forsuspending'said ceilingsl'abs from said floor members, each clip comprising a- `fiat plate havingfextended ltherefrom at right angles fingers for engaging in the grooves of said'slabsand ,being notched in a. plane above said fingers-to engage'oiver the iianged portion of said .floor members, plasterei"skchannels `arranged between vadjacent floor .members and hooks arranged at :the ends ofsaidslabs forengaging. said plasterei"s channels. l

v7. In aceiling structure of the character stated, floor members of metal having-flanged portions, pre-.cast ceiling slabs of cementitious material arranged beneath said floor members end to end in abutting relation, said abutting ends having interlocked relation in knuckle-joint fashion one with another, the

sides of said ceiling slabs having longitudinal grooves therein, and metal clips for suspending said ceiling slabs from said floor members, each clip comprising aflat plate having extended therefrom at right angles fingers for engaging in the grooves of said slabs and being notched in a plane above said fingers to engage over the flanged portion of said floor members.

8. v'In a ceiling structure of the character stated, floor members of metal having flanged portions, pre-cast ceiling slabs of cementitious material arranged beneath said fioor members end to end in abutting relation, said p abutting ends having interlocked relation one With another, the sides of said ceiling slabs having longitudinal grooves therein,

and metal clips for suspending said ceiling slabs vfromA said ioor members, each clip comprising a fiat plate having extended therefrom at right angles lingers for engaging in the grooves of said slabs and being notched in a planel above said fingers to engage over the flanged portion of said floor members, said slabs being formed to have tongue and groove connection with one another along their longitudinal edges.

9. A construction as describedin claim 'l characterized by each pre-cast ceiling slab having embedded therein a reinforcement of Substantially ladder-like configuration the side rails of Which are formed of angleirons. v

10. A construction as described in claim 1 characterized by each pre-cast ceiling slab having embedded therein a reinforcement of substantially ladder-like configuration the side rails of which are formed of .angle-irons, th-e side Walls of each said slab being undercut at spaced intervals to permit tying together of the side railsof companion slabs. 11. A construction as described in claim l characterized by said interlocked portions being formed of beveled tenons.`

12. A construction as described in claim 2 characterized by plasterers channels arranged intermediate of said floor members, and hook-like members engaging over the tops of said plasterers channels and beneath the cross-rods of said ladder-like reinforcement. e e

v 13. A construction as described in claim 2 characterized by apertures extending entirely through said slabs for accommodating hook-like members for engaging over plasterers channels introduced intermediate of said iioor members and beneath the crossbars of said ladder-like reinforcement.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

FREDERICK M. VENZIE.