US1889121A - Composition shingle - Google Patents

Description

NOV. 1932- N. P. HARSHBERGR 1,889,121

COMPOSITION SHINGLE Filed Sept. 22, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 [/7 VEN 70R. War/21a Ham/Merger Nov. 29, N. P. HARSHBERGER 1,389,121

COMPOSITION SHINGLE Filed Sept. 22 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 mum Nov. 29, 1932.

COMPOS ITION SHINGLE Filed Sept. 22, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 N. P. HARSHBERGER 1,889,121

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Application filled teptemher 22, 1222. llerlal llo. ltthtt.

This invention relates to composition shingles, and has for its object providing a method or cutting shingles from sheets of shingle material so that they can be cut from sheets without waste and formed so that they can he laid in interlocked rows and with the lap portion of each shingle of any row interloclnng with the underlying rows of shingles.

In this manner the shingles are not only held w more firmly together in the rows, but the lap portions are prevented from turning upwardly by the action of the wind, sun, or otherwise. A. further object of the invention is to shape the shingles so that, when assembled, they will present a pleasing appearance. Other objects oi the invention will be apparent from a consideration of the accompanying drawings and the following description thereof:

(it the drawings Fig. l is a plan view of a sheet oi shingle material showing how one type of shingle which embodies my invention may he cut from the sheets; Fig. 2 is a plan view the shingles, slightly enlarged, as they appear when laid on the root; Fig. 3 is 25 a plan view ot a single shingle of this type;

Figs. d, 5, and 6, are similar views of a modified form of the shingle; Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view along the lines 77 of Fig. 6 and Figs. 8, 2 and l0 are plan views corresponding to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 ot a further modification oi the shingle.

The shingle l5 oil-Figs. 1, 2 and 3 may he composed of any suitable material. 1 preter tor the purpose a coat of asphalt 12, on the sheet of felt l3, and, on the asphalt a coat oi granulated mineral such as the slate M. The shingle is of the general shape of aparallelograin having right angles 16 and 17, an obtuse angle 18, and an acute angle 19. The sides of the shingle are more or less zigsag shaped so as to torm a hexagonal figure 20 when the shingles are assembled. lit will he ohvious that by slight modifications in the 1 shape of the shingles these figures may he equiangular or equilateral, or hoth. The ligure, however, is arrived at hy forming a stripe 2i across the central portion out the shingle, as, in this case, the shingles are strip shingles comprised of what is equivalent to two individual shingles, such as are illustrated in Elli Figs. 8 to 10. As a consequence, there is no edge in this central portion and to give the hexagonal efiect the hlach stripe 2i is provided. Each of the shingles has a lug 22 on one side and a slit 23 on one end, the lug of 5% one shingle being adapted to interloclr with I the slit 23 in the edge 24 of another sgle,

so that the two shingles are more or less loch together, and at the same time the position ot the shingles with reference to each other is W determined. By so interlocking the shingles a row 25 is formed which ordinarily runs horizontally and which laps on an underlying row 25 of similarly interlocked shingles... Each of the shingles also has a lug 26 and a will slit 27 and when assembled the lug 26 oil a shingle in one row is interloolred with the slit 27 of an adjacent shingle in the underlying row. in this instance the shingles are laid in longitudinal rows 25 and 25", and also in transverse rows 28 and 22.

The manner of cutting these shin .gles without waste is clearlp indicated hy ig. l. .h zigzag line is cut ongitudinall across the central portion ot the strip cit s ingle material, and also a series of zigzag lines are cut transversely of the sheet, the sha e oi these lines heing such as to provide t e desired shape of the shingles and also to provide suitable interlocking means. The angles 32 formed in the transverse lines are appro'ai mately 120 so as to torm angles oi heaagonal figures, and the various straight portions oil the lines are substantially equal. At certain corners the lugs 22 and 26 are termed, as indicated.

Figs. d to l inclusive illustrate a modification of this shingle. In this shingle lugs 22 and slits 23 are used, and also the in 26 and slits 27, the shingle, therefore, heing very similar to the shingle 15. In this case, however, an acute angle 36 and an ohtuse angle 37 are formed. The angle 3% heing produced by cutting from the adjacent shingle the corner 38. By forming this corner 36 the edge 39 registers with the edge d6 oil the adjacent shingle in the overlying row. This gives a. more distinct edge at this point and prevents rain "from driving up under the shingle.

lln case oi any of these shingles, in order to ml form a definition line across the central portion thereof any suitable means may be used. In this instance I prefer to make a ridge 40 by scraping with a suitable tool longitudinally along the sheet 45 of shingle material, and forming a ridge 40. If this is done when the asphalt is in a suitably soft condition, just after applying the coat of slate, a black ridge 40 will be formed consisting of a mixture of asphalt and slate, and the black strip will extend across to the slate 41 on the coat. I11 this way the shoulder 42 is formed which gives the appearance of an edge 44. In this case, as well as in the case of the shingle 30, the ridge being formed, the appearance of the shingle when assembled is improved and at the same time the presence of the ridge 40 or the shoulder 42 tends to prevent rain from driving upwardly, and also stifi'ens the shingles.

Figs. 8 to 10 inclusive illustrate another modification in which the shingle 45 illustrated is an individual instead of a strip shingle. This shingle also has the lug 22, slit 23, lug 26, and slit 27, as is the case with the shingles 15 and 35, and has also the acute corner 36 and obtuse corner 37 So that the shingle is substantially the same as the shingle 35, except that the entire central portion is eliminated and the two ends brought closer together. In laying the shingles it willvbe seen that the lugs 22 of the overlying shingles interlock with the respective slits 23 of the underlying shingles; and also the lugs 26 of the overlying shingles interlock with the respective slits 27 of the underlying shingles, so that each end of the lower edge of each shingle is locked down to an underlying shingle. In case of this shingle no stripe across the central portion is necessary as the entire hexagonal figure is formed complete by various edges of the shingles.

I claim as my invention:

1. A shingle having the shape in general of a parallelogram, but with one pair of opposite edges comprising a plurality of substantially equal straight portions, the angles between each two straight portions being obtuse, the other pair of opposite edges being substantially straight and parallel, said shingle having a lug projecting outwardly and a slit projecting inwardly from one of said equal straight portions, and a lug projecting outwardly and a slit projecting inwardly from one of said parallel edges, the last mentioned lug being at one of the corners of the parallelogram.

2. A shingle having the general shape of an elongated parallelogram and having a first lug projecting outwardly from one end of one of the end edges of the shingle and a first slit extending inwardly from the central portion of said edge, and having a second lug projecting outwardly from the side edge which is adjacent said first mentioned lug and having a second slit extending inwardly from said side edge.

3. A shingle as claimed in claim 2 in which said second lug is positioned substantially three-fourths of the length of the shingle away from said first lug and between said second slit and said first lug.

4. A shingle having the shape in general of a parallelogram but with one pair of opposite edges comprising a plurality of substantially equal straight portions, theangle between each two adjaeentstraight portions being obtuse, the other pair of opposite edges being substantially straight and parallel, a lug projecting outwardly and a slit extending inwardly from one of said equal straight portions, and a lug projecting outwardly and a slit extending inwardly from one of said parallel edges.

5. A shingle having the shape in general of a parallelogram, but with one pair of opposite edges comprising a plurality of substantially equal straight portions, the angle between each two adjacent straight portions being obtuse, the other pair of opposite edges being substantially straight and parallel, a lug projecting outwardly from one end of one of said parallel edges, a lug projecting outwardly from one of said obtuse angles, and a slit extending inwardly from said last mentioned parallel edge, and a slit extending inwardly from another of said obtuse angles.

6. A plurality of shingles assembled to form a. roof covering, each of said shingles having the general shape of an elongated parallelogram and having a first lug projecting outwardly from one end of one of the end edges of the shingle and a first slit extending inwardly from the central portion of said edge, and having a second lug projecting outwardly from the side edge which is adjacent said first mentioned lug and having a second slit extending inwardly from said side edge, said second lug being positioned substantially three-fourths of the length of the shingle away from said first lug and between said second slit and said first lug, the shingles being assembled with the lugs of one shingle interlocking respectively with the respective slits of two adjacent shingles.

7. A plurality of shingles assembled to form a roof covering, each of said shingles 'having the general shape of an elongated parallelogram and having a first lug projecting outwardly from one end of one of the end edges of the shingle and a first slit extending inwardly from the central portion of said edge, and having a second lug projecting outwardly from the side edge which is adjacent said first mentioned lug and having a second slit extending inwardly from said side edge, said second lug being positioned substantially three-fourths of the length of the shingles away from. said first mentioned lug and between said 'second slit and said first lug, said shingles being assembled with the first lug of each shingle interlocking with the second slit of an underlying shingle, and the second lug interlocking with a first slit in another underlying shingle. p

8. A plurality of shingles assembled to form a roof covering, each of said shingles having the general shape of an elongated parallelogram and having a first lug projecting outwardly from one end of one of the end edges of the shingle and a first slit extending inwardly from the central portion of said edge, and having a second lug projecting outwardly from the side edge which is adjacent said first mentioned lug and having a second slit extending inwardly from said side edge, said second lug being positioned substantially three-fourths of the length of the shingles away from said first lug and between saidsecond slit and said first lug, said side edge being composed of a plurality of straight angularly positioned portions, said second lug being a continuation of one of said straight portions.

9. A shingle element comprising a body portion forming a plurality of units which are oifset with relation to one another, to simulate a plurality of individual shingles, locking means in connection with the end edge of one of said units, and complementary locking means in connection with a side edge of the adjacent offset unit.

10. The method of cutting shingles of substantially parallelogram shape with tabs at corners thereof from a strip of material including forming transverse and longitudinal cuts in the material and further cuts to form the tabs, diagonally disposed shingles being out of diagonal alignment with each other and the complementary edges of the tabs of the shingles so 'diagonally disposed being in line with each other.

11. The method of cutting shingles of substantially parallelogram shape with tabs at corners thereof from a strip of material, including forming transverse and longitudinal cuts in the material and further cuts to form the tabs, diagonally disposed shingles having complementary tabs which are out of diagonal alinement, and said tabs having edges contacting a common line.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto set my hand.

NORMAN P. HARSHBERGER.

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