US1884890A - Heater for permanent waving - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 25, 1932. J SGUERSQ 1,884,890

HEATER FOR PERMANENT WAVING Filed Sept 12. 1931 INVENTOR BY 51.; ATTORNEY Patented a. 25, 1932 PATENT OFFICE JOHN SGUEBSO, OI BROOKLYN, NEW YORK HEATER FOB PERMANENT WAVING Application ma September. 12, 1931. Serial in. 562,480.

This invention relates to hair waving devices, and more particularly refers to improvements in electric heaters of the type used in the art of permanent waving. In accordance with permanent waving practice, strands of hair are usually wound upon a metal curler so as to form a continuous helical coil extending longitudinally of the curler. The hair is generally thorough- 1y moistened with an alkaline lotion before or after'winding, or'both. A tubular electric heater is then inserted endwise over each strand of hair thus wound upon the curler and the current is then turned on, each heater being connected to a source of electric supply.

In another application for patent, entitled Methods of permanent waving, co-pending herewith, Serial No. 355,398, I have de- I scribed a novel and improved method of permanently waving hair, whereby a Marcel effeet is obtained directly from the waver without requiring any subsequent finger waving.

This result is obtained by winding the bear upon the waver by forming a number of twisted convolutions having a horizontal 8-shape, and baking the hair while. so wound. For this type of winding to be effected, it is necessary to tie the-hair strand at the root end onto the waver and to wind each twisted convolution partly at one side and partly at the other of the point of attachment, reversing the direction at each convolution.

Such a method of winding results in the formation of a barrel-shaped mass of superimposed windings, in connection with which a tubular heater of the ordinary type could not possibly be used.

The barrel-shape of the mass of windings is further emphasized when a hair waver, having a barrel-shaped central portion, such as described and claimed in another application entitled Hair waver, filed by me simultaneously herewith, is used.

For the baking operation to be effective it is essential'that the heater be as close as ossible to. the hair windings, in order to heat the same as uniformly as possible and also in order to insure the heating of the inner coils as well as the outer windings.

It is, therefore, desirable to insure an intimate contact between the inner surface of the heater and the hair windings, in order to concentrate the heat where it is mostly needed.

The primary ob'ect of my invention is, therefore, to provi e an electric heater of a novel and improved type, particularly adapted to be used in connection with'hair wound upon a curler or waver, in a manner causing it to form a bulging mass bulging at the center.

Another object is to provide a novel and improved type of electric heater adapted for use in permanent hair wavin operations, said heater being easily inserte over or removable from a lock of hair wound upon a curler or waver.

' A further object is to provide a novel and improved type of electric heater adapted to be inserted over a lock of hair wound upon a curler or waver in such cases where the hair lock being fastened at its base onto the curler or waver, and being wound to form, twisted convolutions at each side of its point of attachment, a tubular type of heater insertable end-wise of the curler or waver would not do.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will more fully appear as the description proceeds and will be set forth and claimed in the appended claims.

My invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawing, m which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation partly sectloned of a heater embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view in elevation thereof;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section thereof;

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of a hair waver which may be used in connection with my improved heater;

Fig. 5 is a side vlew of said waver illustrating the manner of winding a lock of hair thereon; I y Fig. 6 is a plan view of another heater, embodying my invention in a different form; Fig. 7 is a cross section of the same through line 7,-7 of Fig. 6; and

Fig. 8 is a side view in elevation partly proximating the outline of the mass of hair.

This condition is best satisfied if the heater .is insertable sidewise of the mass of hair instead of end-wise, because then it becomes possible to make a heater in the form of two half shells, together forming a hollow 'shell having its ends of a smaller diameter than its central portion.

An illustration of the inventive idea underlying my invention is given in Figs. 1, 2, 3, in which 10 designates a lock of hair wound upon a waver 11, in a number of superimposed twisted, convolutions, having a horizontal 8-shap'e, by fastening the base of the lock of hair at or near the center of the waver around the waver alternately from one side of the point of attachment of the lock of hair to the other, reversing the direction at each convolution, as described and claimed in my copending application entitled Methods of permanent waving above referred to.

The hair is generally thoroughly moistened with a suitable alkaline lotion before or after winding, or both. After the hair has been wound, tightened and moistened it is covered with a piece of flannel or other suitable material, as shown at 12, said flannel having first been impregnated with'the lotion.

A protective pad, such as shown at 23, is also preferably applied onto the head directly opposite the hair waver, and the hair is then ready to be baked by a more or less prolonged application of a heating element thereto.

In the drawing Figs. 1 to 3, the electric heater is shown in the form of a clamping device, comprising two jaws 13, 14, pivotally connected to each other at 15, each clamping member having a finger rest extending rearwardly of the pivotal point of attachment. as shown at 16, 17. A spring 18 is inserted between the two finger'rests and normally holds them apart so as to close the jaws against each other, as Fig. 2 clearly shows.

By pressing finger rests 16, 17, towards each other, the two jaws will be caused to open so that the device becomes insertable side-wise over the mass of hair formed by convolutions 10. By then releasing the pressure exerted against finger rests 16, 17 the jaws will close over said mass of hair, encasing the same.

The two jaws are in the form of hollow half shells, bulging at the center, together forming a hollow barrel-shaped shell closelyv following the outline of the mass of hair wound upon the waver. In order to better retain the heat within said shell or enclosure, the outer ends of said jaws are directed inwardly to form end walls 19, 19', 20, 20, said end walls embracing the adjoining ends-of the mass of hair.

Each jaw is internally provided with an for a sufficiently long period of time, the

heaters are removed and the locks of hair can then be unwound from their respective wavers, a -.;permanent Marcel-wave having been imparted thereto by the treatment de- .scribed. and by running said lock of hair across and In Figs. 4 and 5, I illustrate a type of waver that I prefer to use in connection with the heater forming the subject of this invention, said waver having been described and claimed by me in my other application for hair waver above referred to.

Said waver comprises two coaxial members 24, 25, each having a bulging inner end 26, 27, said bulging ends-together forming a barrelshaped central portion of the waver, as the drawing clearly shows.

The inner end27 of member 25 is formed with a coaxially extending recess 28, within which is inserted a corresponding projection 29, outwardly extending in an axial direction from the inner end 26 of member 24.

Member 25 is provided with an axial passage extending from the bottom of recess 28, to the outer end of said member, said pas-' sage receiving the stem portion 30 of an adjusting screw 31, inserted through a threaded axial opening 32, provided at the inner end of member 24.

Upon stem 30 is fixed a set collar 33, resting against the bottom of recess 28, and at the outer end of said stem is fixed a knob 34, by means of which the stem can be rotated. It is thus seen'that by virtue of this construction when knob 34 is rotated in one direction the two members will move away from each other in an axial direction, while when the knob is rotated in the opposite direction the two members 24, 25 will move towards each other, contracting the structure. In this manner, it becomes possible by extending the construction to impart an additional tension to the hair windings, the barrel-shape of the waver preventing slipping of the hair windings with respect to the surface thereof.

The hair waver is preferably also formed with means for increasing the tension of the windings formed by the extreme end of the 1 0 upon one of the ends of the waver, in order to cause the Marcel-waved lock of hair to terminate in a spiral curl.

To this end, member 24 has its outer end turned down to form a stem portion 35, having a threaded outer end 36. An axially perforated member 37 is rotatably mounted u on stem in continuation of the outline 0 said member 24, and a check nut 38 is screwed upon threaded end 36 of stem 35,,

said check nut being adapted to bear against the end surface ofmember. 37 so as to fric- 'tionally restrain the same against rotation.

It becomes then possible to produce a combined Marcel-wave-curl in which the body of the lock of hair is Marcel-waved and the tip end is formed so as to form a spiral curl. Said tip end is coiled upon and tied onto the rotatable member 37 The hair should be tightly wound to start with, and in order to impart to it an additional tension, the knob 34 is rotated so as to axially extend the waver, without twisting the windings, as will be understood. Furthermore, in order to set under tension the coiled outer end of the lock of hair, rotatable member 37 is rotated in the winding direction, and when a sufiicient tension has been imparted to the hair check nut 38 is turned so as to force it against the outer end of 37, locking the same in position.

In Fig. 5, I illustrate the manner of Winding a lock of hair about the waver, so as to produce a Marcel-wave effect only, without the end curl.

A heater embodying my invention can be made in ways different than those previously shown and described. For instance, instead of making the same in the form of a spring clamp structure, the same may be made to consist of two barrel-shaped half shells 40., 41, hinged to each other along a longitudinal line, as shown at 42. The structure thusformed can be opened by hand and can be inserted and closed over the lock of hair wound upon a waver, causing the two outer edges of said shells to meet.

Said two outer edges are preferably curled, as shown at 43, and caused to form tubular lugs 43 in one of the half shells and tubular lug 44 in the other, the tubular lugs of one half shell being longitudinally spaced of and meeting end to end with. tubular lugs of the other, forming therewith coaxial passages through which may be removably inserted locking pins 45, 46. The closed structure thus formed remains provided with a side opening 47 encircling the base of the lock of hair and with two end openings such as 48, permitting the passage of the end portions of the waver therethrough, as explained in connection with Fig. 3.

The constructional details sf my device may vary from those shown without departing from the inventive idea; the drawing,

therefore, will be understood as being intended for illustrative purposes only and not in a limiting sense.

I accordingly reserve the right to carry my invention into practice in a those-ways and manners which may enter, fairly, into the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. Anelectric heater for permanent waving comprising two bulging halves connect-- ible to each other to form a barrel-shaped hollow structure having a diameter decreasing from its middle portion toward its ends,

adapted to embrace a hair look wound upon a hair waver, said halves being movable with respect to each other to expand .said' structure, when the same is inserted in or removed from, its operative position.

2. An electric heater for permanent waving comprising two bulging halves pivotally connected to each other to form a barrelshaped hollow structure having a diameter decreasing from its middle portion toward its ends, adapted to embrace a hair look wound upon a waver, said halves being movable with respect to each other to expand said structure, when the same is inserted in or removed from, its operative position.

3. An electric heater for permanent waving comprising two bulging halves pivotally connected to-each other along a longitudinal line, to form a barrel-shaped hollow structure having a diameter decreasing from its:

middle portion toward its ends, adapted to embrace a hair lock wound upon a waver, said halves being movable with respect to each other to expand said structure, when the same is inserted in or removed from, its operativeposition.

4. An electric heater for permanent waving comprising two bulging halves connectible to each other to form a barrel-shaped hollow structure having a diameter decreasing from its middle portion towards its ends,

1 middle portion towards its ends, adapted to embrace a hair lock wound upon a waver, said halves being movable with respect to each other to expand said structure, when the same is inserted in or removed from, its

operative position, and means for retaining said structure in its contracted position.

6. An electric heater for permanent waving comprising two bulging clamping members pivotally connected to each other to form a hollow barrel-shaped structure having a diameter decreasing from its middle portion towards its ends, adapted to embrace a lock of hair wound u n a hair waver, said clamping members being each formed with a finger rest extending outwardly of the pivotal connection therebetween, and a spring interposed between said two finger rests,

tendin to maintain said tracte position.

7. An electric heaterfor permanent waving comprising two halves hinged to each structure 1n its conother along a longitudinal line to form a hollow structure having a diameter decreasing from its middle portion towards its'ends, adapted to embrace a lock of hairwound upon a hair waver, said halves being movable with respect to each other to expand said structure, when the same is inserted in or removed from, its o ierative position, and means for lockin said alves in the contracted position of sai structure.

8. An electric heater for permanent waving comprising two bulgin halves hinged to each other along a longitu inal line to form a hollow barrel-shaped structure having a diameter decreasing from its middle portion I towards its ends, adapted to embrace a, lock of hair wound upon a hair waver, said halves being movable with respect to each other to expand said'structure, when the same is insorted 1n, or removed from, 1ts o erative position, and a bolt member for 100 g the free longitudinal edges of said halves to each other, so as to retain said structure in its contracted position.

In testimony whereof I aflix my si ature.

JOHN SG SO-

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