US1882680A - Sizing fibrous materials - Google Patents

Sizing fibrous materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US1882680A
US1882680A US388275A US38827529A US1882680A US 1882680 A US1882680 A US 1882680A US 388275 A US388275 A US 388275A US 38827529 A US38827529 A US 38827529A US 1882680 A US1882680 A US 1882680A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
resin
sizing
paper
small amount
region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US388275A
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English (en)
Inventor
Wieger Bruno
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Becker & Co (1924) Ltd
Becker & Co 1924 Ltd
Original Assignee
Becker & Co 1924 Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Becker & Co 1924 Ltd filed Critical Becker & Co 1924 Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1882680A publication Critical patent/US1882680A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
    • D21H17/22—Proteins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
    • C09K23/16—Amines or polyamines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
    • C09K23/30—Proteins; Protein hydrolysates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/60—Waxes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/61—Bitumen
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/62—Rosin; Derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
    • D21H17/66—Salts, e.g. alums

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in the sizing of paper, textiles and the like fibrous materials, and concerns more particularly the production of sizing agents to be emp oyed for this purpose.
  • colophony and similar substances which are suitable for sizing, or low melting, insoluble paper sizing agents, such as resins in general, artificial resins, waxes, parafiins, fats, fatty acids. bituminous substances, stable carbohydrates or mixtures of the same with drying oils, their distillation residues and the like, may be made to produce dispersions suitable for use as sizing agents in the following manner:
  • the materials chosen for sizing are subjected at a temperature in the region of their melting point, and in the presence of an alkaline solution containing one or more of the so-called protective colloids, for example, al bumen, casein and the like, to a short intensive uniform mechanical agitation in a suitable apparatus, for example, in a vessel provided with a stirrer rotating at about 100 to 300 revolutions per minute.
  • the protective colloids in question are those which are efiicacious in extremely small quantities.
  • the quantity of the protective colloid required is usually small, being for example from 1 to3% of the material to be dispersed.
  • the dis ersions 'thus obtained are readily and uni ormly miscible with cold water.
  • the dispersions produced in the manner described above depend for their colour upon the material employed, varying from deep yellow to white, and on precipitation coagulate very finely. Moreover, since the sizing media so produced are not soap solutions, only a small quantity of alum is required for precipitation, the effect being not, one of decomposition in the chemicalsense, but the precipitation of a colloid by a salt which, if it is a tribasic salt, is particular y effective in this connection.
  • the use for sizing, of the dispersions produced according to the invention is therefore attended with considerable economy.
  • the dispersions produced are fluid and in the case of resin may have a content of 50-60% thereof, they do not require dilution before use. Moreover, they have the advantage that they are quite insensitive to hard water and to the process water, which is always acid. Both these factors militate against effective sizing with the older processes.
  • the method of sizing above outlined shows therefore practical and economical advantages to a high degree, and moreover it is possible according to the invention to employ a considerable number of additional materials for sizing paper and other fibrous products.
  • These materials may be used alone, in admixture or mixture with colophony for sizing fibrous products.
  • hard resins such as copal, shellac and the like give harder papers with more rattle, while softer papers with a smoother feel may be produced by the addition of fatty substances.
  • a great number of materials which have a water repelling action may be applied to the sizing of paper.
  • the dispersions may be dyed with basic, water insoluble colouring matters.
  • the colouring matter becomes saline on account of the acidity of the dispersions and then remains fixed to the fibres which thereby become stably coloured.
  • Ewample 1.98 kgs. of melted pine resin is thoroughly agitated in a vessel provided with an eflicient stirring mechanism having strong stirringarms and rotating at about 300 revolutions per minute.
  • the material is cooled by the addition of small proportions of water to which, if desired, a small quantity of alkali, for example, 0.13% is added.
  • a hot solution of 2% of casein in 25 litres of water and 200 grammes of caustic soda is added, the stirring being continued at the highest available speed. In a few minutes the mixture is converted into an almost colourless mass, which is readily miscible with water.
  • the material In order to cool the product it is desirable to add cold water to the material during stirring, whereupon the fluid mass takes up the water.
  • the material becomes stiffer at first but soon becomes more fluid.
  • the material With a resin content of 50% or less, the material remains fluid at ordinary temperature and may be run off into a storage tank.
  • 2% of the colloidal material i. e. 1% of resin
  • the sizing material may be precipitated, coagulated and fixed with 1% of alum.
  • Example 2 A quantity of copal, which may be varied as desired, is first melted and then added to resin (colohony), in which it dissolves by reason of the fluid condition of the copal. The mixture is then passed through a metal filter cloth. The melted material so prepared is then dispersed according to Example 1, whereupon the product produced may be employed for sizing. A proportion of 10% of copal in a mixture of copal and colophony gives to the paper a considerably improved hardness and rattle and imparts also a considerably improved finish in machine glazing.
  • resin colohony
  • Example 3.-85 kgs. of colophony and 15 kgs. of paraflin are dispersed in the manner described in Example 1. Owing, however, to the reduction in the melting point on account of the presence of the paraflin, the temperature of dispersion may be (SS- U.
  • the prepared product is then used as in Example 1, by adding the same to the heater or hollander. Paper sized with 1% of this mixture shows a considerable improvement in smoothness and softness to the touch.
  • the molten mass is dispersed as in Example 1 and employed for sizing by addition to the beater followed by coagulation. If, for example, 1 kg. of the dye stuff is required for 100 kgs. of paper stock, then 6.66 kgs. of a 50% dispersoid of. the material will be required to be added to the beater.
  • the paper so treated will probably be considerably oversized. This may not, however, be undesirable. It is impossible to remove the colouring matter from the material with water.
  • E wample 6. A mixture of 60 kgs. of resin, 30 kgs. of copal and 10 kgs. of parafiin are dispersed as in the previous examples. 3% aqueous dispersion is now made which,
  • What I claim is 2- 1.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
US388275A 1929-05-15 1929-08-24 Sizing fibrous materials Expired - Lifetime US1882680A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1882680X 1929-05-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1882680A true US1882680A (en) 1932-10-18

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US388275A Expired - Lifetime US1882680A (en) 1929-05-15 1929-08-24 Sizing fibrous materials

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US1882680A (fr)
CH (1) CH150322A (fr)
NL (1) NL33952C (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2502080A (en) * 1947-04-19 1950-03-28 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Petroleum resin dispersion and the use thereof
US3208863A (en) * 1964-02-11 1965-09-28 Glidden Co Portland cement concrete masonry units and process for preparing same
US3251732A (en) * 1962-09-06 1966-05-17 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Rosin size and method of preparing same and paper sized therewith
US20050090566A1 (en) * 2003-10-01 2005-04-28 Nitzman Alan F. Synthetic resins in casein-stabilized rosin size emulsions

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2502080A (en) * 1947-04-19 1950-03-28 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Petroleum resin dispersion and the use thereof
US3251732A (en) * 1962-09-06 1966-05-17 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Rosin size and method of preparing same and paper sized therewith
US3208863A (en) * 1964-02-11 1965-09-28 Glidden Co Portland cement concrete masonry units and process for preparing same
US20050090566A1 (en) * 2003-10-01 2005-04-28 Nitzman Alan F. Synthetic resins in casein-stabilized rosin size emulsions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH150322A (fr) 1931-10-31
NL33952C (fr)

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