US1882107A - Baker's oven - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 1131, 1932.

O. WUNDRACK BAKERS OVEN Filed July 15. 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEYS.

IN VEN TOR.

m N SN a Mmm Oct. 11, 1932. O U D K 1,882,107

BAKERS OVEN Filed July 15, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR.

6??? W BY My ATTORNEYS.

a sheds-sheet s O. WUNDRACK BAKERS OVEN Filed July 15. 1930 Oct. i1, 1932.

I MNN w wmm INVENTOR. m

BY 3% z 2 g ATTORNEYS.

Patented Oct. l 1, 1932 PATENT OFFICE.

'OT'lO WUNDRACK, F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

man's ovnn Application fled my 15, 1930. Serial No. 468,188.

they are applied. The said furnaces or fireboxes lend themselves to automatically operable means for controlling the fuel supply to better advantage than in-the old style of heating. V

An important object is to provide equalizing chambers associated with the furnaces or fire-boxes and disposed entirely within the oven, said equalizing chambers being operable to deflect the heating medium from the furnaces by means of bafiles in such a manner as to. uniformly distribute said. medium throughout the oven.

A plurality of flues are provided in open communication with the equalizing hambers for conducting the heating medi tudinally and transversely of the ov n, tobe fan' or other draft-means, said medium being subjected to pressure and utilized for combustion in the furnaces. v

An additional feature is to so arrange and construct the furnaces or fire-boxes, equalseries of bafiles for confining the heat produced by the passage of the heating medium therethrough to the various runs or flights of the circuitous conveyor.

My invention may be more readily understood by reference to the following specification taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

a bakers" ovenembodying my invention;

.tion. the length and "size of the oven to which longi exhausted therefrom by means of a notion izing chambers and flues as to constitute a' Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of 7 even structure and are constructed of fire 0 Fig.2, atransverse section taken on the line II-II of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3, an enlarged detail sectional view of the furnace construction, said section being taken on the line IIIIII of Fig. 1

Fig. 4, a cross-section on the line IV IV of Fig. 3 showing the furnace or fire-box and the equalizing chamber;

Fig. 5, a view similar to Fig. 4, showing a modified form of furnace or fire-box construction; and

Fig. 6, a diagrammatic view in side elevation of the oven, particularly showing means for utilizing the heating medium for combus- Referring to the drawings, the bakers oven A is generally rectangular in form, the walls thereof being constructed of suitable heat insulating material and entirely enclosed within an outer casing 11. Mounted therein and adapted to travel in a circuitous path, I provide a conveyor system including a plurality ofsprockets 2, continuous link chains 3 having suitable rollers 4 thereon for supporting the conveyor upon trackways 5, and a plurality of transversely extending trays 6. Said trays are pivotally mounted upon the link chains b1 means of trunnions 7, and extend substantially the width of the interior'of the .oven. The conveyor proper may be driven by any suitable means; as illustrated, 2a designates the drive sprocket fixedly mounted on a driveshaft s and connected with a suitable powersource not shown. 1

As is customaryin bakers ovens of the 35 "character shown, the sprockets 2 are so positioned as to provide a series of substantially horizontal runs or'flights for the conveyor in a circuitous path. Such construction permits of the application of heating means to said series of runs or=fl"ghts to produce the desired baking temperatures. To this end Il'prov'ide a plurality of oven furnaces or fire-boxes 8, 8a and 86, extending transversely of the oven A and positioned one above the other in staggered relationdirect-v lybeneath different runs'or flights. of the conveyor, as shown in Fig. 1. Said furnaces or fire-boxes are disposed entirely within the upon which the burner flame impinges, therener'.

brick or other refractory material. One end of each of said fire-boxes is open as at 9 for the 5 In the form of Figs. 3 and 4, I have shown said opening adapted to the insertion of an oil or gas burner 10, but the same may be larger for the introduction of other means, as for example coal, which is used in connection with the grate construction shown in Fi 5. Ready access is had to the furnaces or %reboxes at their open ends by means of the open recesses 11 in the walls and easing of the oven.

When oil burners are employed, a baflle b is provided midway of-the furnace or fire-box by 'vin more eflicient combustion.

he si e walls 12 and the bottom walls 13 of the furnaces or fire-boxes are preferably constructed of heat resisting refractory material, as for example, fire brick. The top walls 14 are formed of eflicient heat conducting and radiating material such as fire tile. Said walls are encased in metallic coverings 15, includin top plate members 16 extending throng out thelength of the furnaces. Thus it will be seen that the top walls 14 and the plates 16 constitute radiating surfaces for utilizing the direct heat produced in the furnaces or fire-boxes. I p

A side :wall 12 of each of the furnaces is formed with a plurality of s aced-a part openings 17 immediately below 1: e top walls 14 of said furnaces, and in conunnmcation with equalizing chambers 18 extendin longitudinally of the furnaces. Said equa izing chambers are disposed entirely within the oven and have bottom and side walls 19 and- 20 respectively, formed of refractory mate- 40- rial. The tops of the chambers comprise heat conducting metal plate members 21 having longitudinally extending flanges 22 along one edge thereof for 'oining with the plates 16 of the furnacesor re-boxes. Metal casing 22a is filrovided around the said bottom and side w s. 1

tions of the walls 20, the samebeing onthe opposite side of the baflles 23 from the openings 17 to the interior of the fire-boxes. The openings 24 are furnished with flue connection members 25 secured in place by joining to the plate members 21 in any suitable man- The heating mediumor hot gases passing from the furnaces by means of the openings 3517 are deflecteddownwardly and thence upwardly around the baflies 23,'as indicated in the drawings, thereby effecting anniform distribution of said medium for delivery through the flue connections 25. U

As. illustrated-in Fig. 1 the furnaces or fire-boxes 8, 8a and 8b are positioned one above the other in staggered or stepped ml...

tion within the even, each. of said furnaces being directly beneath a run or flight of the conveyor, and spaced therefrom a suflicient provide a plurality of longitudinal heating flues 26 extending forwardl of the oven and in open communication wit the flue connections 25 of an equalizing chamber 18 associated with the furnace 8. Said heating flues I are preferably formed with a bottom wall 27 constructed of sheet metal, side members consisting of out-turned channels 28, and heat conducting and heat radiating top membiers 29. The portions of the 'flues just described may be secured together in any suitable manner, as by welding. The top members 29 are preferably corrugated as shown for increasing the eflective heat radiating surfaces thereof. f I

Similarly, the furnace or fire-box 8a,v is provided with heating flues 26a extending longitudinally of the oven and immediately below the second flight of the conveyor. Theflues 26a are constructed'i the same manner as Sit nit

the fiues 26, and the parts thereof have been 3 so' designated.

. Also, the furnace or fire-box 8b is provided with similar flues 26b for heating the space through which the lastor lowermost flight 1 of the conveyor paws, said fiues also com- A prise the same parts as the flues 26 and 26a,

and are similarly joined to their respective fire-boxes by means of the connections 25.

The aforesaid heating flues are adapted-to communicate with transverse heating me-- dium conveyor flues entering into the construction of the multiple furnace system. That is, the heatin flues 26 arein open communication with e transverse heating me dium conveyor flue 30, heating fines 26a with transverse flue 30a, and heating flues 26?) with the transverse flue 301). In addition,

another transverse flue 301i is provided imniediately below the uppermost flight of the conveyor .system in vertical alinement with the transverse flue 306, said flues being in open communication at'their ends with'vertical connecting flues- 31 formed in the side walls of the oven.

Similarly, the transverse flues 30 and 30a are in vertical alinement for communication at their ends with vertical flues 32 also formed in the side walls of the oven. 33 designates flues for conducting the heating-medium from the vertical flues 32 into the flues 31 to provide a continuous path for said medium.

The heating medium from the several furnaces or fire-boxes passes through the respective heating flues, transverse conveyor flues and'up'wardly by means of the vertical flues 31 and 32 into transverse flue d, whereby means of vertical flues34 into a transverse exhaust flue 35. A motor-driven fan or exhauster 36 is provided to draw the heating medium from the flue and the entire system to pass into the atmosphere, or utilized in the manner hereinafter set forth.

It is to be noted that the longitudinal heating flues 26, 26a, 26b and 2611 together with their respective fire-boxes constitute baflles for confining the heat generated by the passage of the heating medium therethrough to the several runs or flights of the conveyor system, thereby facilitating the control of the baking temperatures at each of said flights. In addition,a series of horizontally'extending baflles 37 are provided between said flights.-

Also, an irregular bafile 38 is positioned rearwardly of the horizontal conveyor flights to maintain the temperature within the baking area and prevent excessive heating dur the return or vertical flight 39 at the rear o the s oven.

In operation, the bread or other substance 7 to be baked is applied to the trays 6 through co? eration.

the oven doors 40. During the first part of its travel, the bread is sub ected to steam by means of'steam pipes 41 to supply moisture and give color thereto. The conveyor then carries the bread throu h its successive flights where the bread is su jected to the various baking temperatures, controlled by means of the fire-boxes and the flue system hereinbefore described. When the bread again reaches the doors it is completely baked and may be removed and the trays reloaded. I

Suitable dampers 42, 42a, 42b and. 42d are provided at the forward ends of the heating flues 26, 26a, 26b and 2603 respectively and are so arranged on transverse damper rods 43 as to effectively control the passage of the heating medium. In the drawings, the heating flues are shown in grfoups' of three and the dampers are so designed that any number thereof may be opened .for the passage of the heating medium. The damper rods 43 extend outside the oven proper for manual op- For the purpose of utilizing the heatingmedium or hot gases in connection with the oil-orgas burners 10, the same is wlthdrawn from the. flue system by means of the fan or exhauster 36 and passed into an exhaust conduit 44, which is in open communication with a vertical conduit 45 having a booster fan 36a therein for increasing the pressure of said gases before passing to the burners. The

ases pass from the fan into a manifold 46 cm which the are conveyed to the burners 10 by individua pipes 47. Fuel, as oil or gas, is supplied to said burners b means of pipes 48 and the supply line 49. en desired, the gases may be exhausted or partially exhausted to the atmosphere, as at 50, by opening damper 51 and closing the damper 52 in the conduit 45.

During the operation of the oven, the air in the space c between the Walls thereof and the outer casing a becomes heated. Said heated air may also be utilized in the burners 10 by means of a connecting conduit 53 between the casing and the conduit 45, and having a damper 54 therein for regulation and control.

Referring to Fig. 5 and as stated, the fireboxes or furnaces may be so constructed as to accommodate coal as a fuel.- Thus the firebox 80 is provided with a grate 55 for burning pea coal, said ate having openings 56 therethrough for t eintroduction of air from a lower chamber 57 supplied by a conduit 58 which may enter into the system for utilization of the gases or heating medium'described supra.

able source may be introduced into the equalizing chamber 18, as at 59, by means of a conduit 60. The remaining parts of the fire-box and equalizing chamber are the same as in the form employed with an oil or gas burner, and have been so designated.

I claim: 1 v

1. In a bakers oven, a baking chamber. a conveyor operable Within the chamber, a plurality of fire-boxes each disposed entirely within .the oven equalizing chambers extending parallel with said fire-boxes, and heatmedium conveyor flues communicating with the equalizing chambers and extending longitudinally and transversely of the baking chamber, said fire-boxes having openings on the sides thereof adjacent the equalizing "chambers.

2. In a bakers oven, a baking chamber, a conveyor (gwrable within the chamber, a plurality of re-boxes each disposed entirely within the oven equalizing-chambers extending parallel with said fire-boxes, and heat medium conveyor flues communicatingwith the 'ualizing' chambers and extendlng longitudmallyand transversely of the baking, chamber, saidfire-boxes arranged in different 1 horizontal planes, said fire-boxes having openings on the sidessthereof adjacent the equalizing chambers.

3. In a bakers oven, a baking chamber, a conveyor operable within the chamber, a plurality of fire-boxes each disposed entirely within the oven equalizing chambers extend- 4 at difierent levels and having ing parallel with said fire-boxes, and heat the length of said 'equalizin medium conveyor flues communicating with heat conveyor flues connecte to each of said the e uallzing chambers and extending lon-. equalizing chambers'and extending partially gitudmally and transversely of the baking longitudinally of the oven to-a common out- 5 chamber, said fire-boxes arranged in differlet.

ent horizontal planes and in staggered relation, said fire-boxes having openings onthe aides thereof adjacent the equalizing chamers. I 4. In a bakers oven, a baking chamber,

a conveyor operable within the chamber means for efiecting a plurality of horizonta flights of the conveyor, and a plurality of independent fire-boxes disposed within the oven and extending thereacross, one of said fire-boxes, located between two horizontal flights of the conveyor equalizing chambers extending parallel with said fire-boxes adjacent thereto and in communication therewith throughout its length, and heat medium conveyor flues communicating with the equalizing chambers and'extending longitudinally and transversely of the baking chamber.

5. In a baker s oven,

conveyor operable within the chamber, a firebox disposed entirely within the oven and extending transversely thereacross, a heatmedium distributing and equalizing chamber arranged parallel with the fire-box and in communication therewith at the side thereof, a baflle in said chamber extending longitudinally thereof across the communicating opening between said chamber and the firebox and terminating short of the 'bottom of the said chamber, and a heat 'medium con.- veyor flue in'communication with said chamber, said, last mentioned flue extending longitudinally of the baking chamber.

6. A bakers oven com risin in combination, a baking chamber, a conveyor operable within the'baking chamber, means for effecting a plurality of horizontal flights of the *conveyor, a plurality of independent fire- .boxes disposed transversely within the oven a plurality of openings at the sides thereo an equalizing chamber parallel with and adjacent to each of said fire-boxes on the side where said openings are located, baflles extending through out the length of said equalizing chambers and terminating short of the bottom thereof and heat conveyor flues connected to each 0 said equalizin chambers; and extending partially lon 'tm linally of the oven.

7. A ba ers oven, comprising in combination, a'bakin chamber, a conveyor operable within thelba 'ng chamber, means for' effecting a plurality of horizontal flights of the conveyor, a plurality of inde ndent fi'reboxes disposed transversely wit in-the oven at. different levels and having a plurality of openings at the sides thereof, an equalizing chamber parallel with and adjacent to each of said fire-boxes on theside where said o ni ings-arelocated, baflles extending throng out I a baking chamber, a

' In testimony whereof I aflix si 'ature.

v OTTO WUN R chambers and iao

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