US1879246A - Refractory body - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 27,2 1932.v 1,y S, HOGUE REFRACTORY BODY 2 sheetssheez Filed Aug. 28, 1930 TITI; TIT. II l F nu l LTF|| l- /NVEN 70E fesse ,5. Hoja/e,

WITNESS .HTTORNEYS Sept. 2 7, 1932. J. s. HOGUE REFRACTORY BODY Filed Aug. 28, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 WNWNQW QN .N .www

nrro miens Patented Sept. 27, 1932 UNITED `STATES JESSE s. Hosen, or HAMMOND, INDIANA REERACTORY BODY Application led August 28, 1930. Serial No. 478,335.

My invention relates to improvements in refractory bodies for use in the construction of cars for tunnel kilns and the like, and for other purposes which require refractory bodl5 ies substantially unaffected by high temperatures and possessing high mechanical strength and high resistance to surface abrasion, chipping and breakage. More particularly my invention is directed to the provision of a block or similar body having a core of refractory material such as fire brick or the like, outer surfaces of which are protected by means of a shellof greater mechanical strengthA than the refractory material of the core, and with which the latter is intimately united. i

In the construction of cars for tunnel kilns it has heretofore been the practice to provide a layer of fire brick or the like on each car, the bricks at the ends of vthe carbeingso constructed as to interlock with corresponding bricks of the adjacent car of the train, to thereby prevent the vertical movement or passage of the `hot gasesin the furnace between the cars. The employment of refractory bodies of this character has however, the disadvantage, among others, that, the striking together of the endV blocks of the cars during movement of theA train and at other times, and the abrasion tok which these blocks are thus and otherwise subjected, effects substantial damage to the blocks through breakage, chipping and general dis- .i integration, and thus frequentreplacement i of the blocks is required.

Among the purposes and objectsof my invention therefore, is to .provide a refractory body or Ablockwhich may be easily and cheaply manufactured, and which possesses great mechanical strength and resistance to breakage.

A. further object of my invention is to provide suchrefractory blocks having internal strengtheningand reinforcing webs, whereby the compression strength of the blocks is greatly enhanced.

A still further object'of my invention is to provide a strong and durable mold or form 50 into which refractory material orthe like may be introduced, and which is adapted to serve as an outer protective shell therefor;

A still further object of the invention is the provision of a block of the character aforesaid which is particularly adapted for 55.1 use adjacent the edges of kiln` cars or the like and which, when so employed, has a materially longer operative life than the blocks heretofore generally utilized for simie lar purposes. p y Y VG@ Other purposes, objects and advantages of my invention will hereinafter be more specifically mentioned 'or will appear' from the following particular description kof certain preferred embodiments thereof in which ref- @5 erence will be had to the accompanying drawings. j

In the said drawings Fig. l isa top plan view of a kiln car in which certain forms of H my novel refractory bodies are employed, "3 showing also an adjacent car in fragmentary top plan view; Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof partly broken away and showing more clearly the manner of cooperation ber tween adjacent cars, and Fig.y 3 isan end i elevation of the car shown in Figs. l and 2, showing-the right hand end thereof as viewed in said figures.- Like characters ofreference are used` to designate the same parts in the several figures. j 3G Referring now more vparticularly to the drawings, the kiln car which I have shown comprises a b-ed 1 having hangers 2 whereby the car is supported on the wheels 3 1in accordance with the-usual practice well known in the art. The bed l is provided on its upper surface with suitable longitudinal ribs 5 and 'transverse ribs 6 dividing the top-surface of the-bed into a plurality of rectangles, the peripheral ribs 5 and 6 forming, respec- 9C tively, buffers at the sides and ends of the car. The rectangular depressions described by the ribs ar-e each adapted to receive a refractory body or block of suitable dimensions, thus forming an upper refractorylayer or 9 tier for the car. Upon this layer, in accordance with the usual practice, a platform adapted to receive the usual annealing boxes containing material to be treated is ordinarily disposed, and since these elements may be of any preferred type and form no part of my invention, they are not indicated in the drawings.

The refractory bodies of my invention are particularly adapted to be employed in providing the refractory layer for a car of this type, and will therefore be described, and some advantages thereof indicated, in association with the car chassis to which reference has just been made.

It has heretofore been the practice to provide for the purposes aforesaid refractory bricks of suitable dimensions, and in accordance with my invention I employ substantially the same bricks as heretofore for the inner rectangles of the kiln car, such, for example, as the bricks 1() and 11, the former of which are symmetrical, while the latter, lying adjacent the longitudinal median line of the car, have projections such that a trough 12, running lengthwise of the car is formed, smaller bricks 18 being disposed therein in accordance with the usual practice.

VFor the peripheral rows of bricks in the car I provide refractory bodies of my novel form in which a shell 15, preferably formed of cast iron, is filled with crushed lire brick and high temperature cement or any other suitable refractory material which will act to absorb and hold heat as indicated at 16. Desirably spaced transverse webs 17 are provided in the shell, and a substantial increase in strength is afforded thereby.

Preferably for the several parts of the car,

- blocks of different shapes are provided, the

shells being suitably formed to effect this result. Thus the blocks 20, lying in an intermediate position at the side edges of the car, may be substantially rectangular, their edges, however, being bevelled or rabbeted as desired, to fit them properly to their associated parts, while the end blocks for the car are desirably provided with shells having special conformation adapting them respectively to one or the other end of the car. Thus, the blocks 28, at the right hand end of the cars as viewed in Figs. 1 and 2, are provided with a horizontally extending groove or recess 24, into which complementary projections on the blocks 23 disposed at the opposite end of an adjacent car will extend when a train of the cars is made up. If desired a thin layer of re clay or the like 21 may be interposed between the surface of the car platform and the blocks.

As is clearly apparent from Fig. 2, the projection'of the blocks from one end of the car into the groove 24 in the blocks in the opposite end of the adjacent car effectively avoids any open vertical passage between the blocks of adjacent cars and the bed of the car is therefore protected from direct action of heatng means disposed in the upper portion of the kiln while vertical circulation of the heating gases is retarded. If desired, the

spaces between the blocks in adjacent cars may be filled with a refractory mortar, but this will usually be found unnecessary.

Inasmuch as the outer courses of blocks are all sheathed with cast iron, in the form of my invention which I have herein shown and described, it will be apparent that the refractory material in the interior thereof is effectively protected from breakage, chipping and abrasion, while the internal w-ebs add greatly to the strength of the blocks and provide additional surfaces for adhesion of the said materiahthereby insuring retention of the latter in the shell.

` It willV be understood that uses for the refractory blocks of my invention other than those to which I have referred will readily be perceived, and further that while I have herein shown and described certain vforms of the blocks withconsiderable particularity, I

do not desire or intend to limit myself thereto, as modifications and changes therein may readily be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent of the United States:

1. An abrasion-resistant body of the class described comprising a cast iron shell and ree fractory material disposed therein.

2.` An abrasion-resistant body of the class described comprising refractory material and a metallic shell partially surrounding said material and intimately united thereto.

3. A composite refractory body comprising a hollow metallic shell and refractory material within the shell and partially bounded by the latter, said shell comprising a plurality of integral spaced webs extending through the refractory material.

4. A composite refractory body comprising a. substantially rectangular hollow shell have ing transversely extending webs integral therewith and refractory material filling said shell and enclosing the webs, said material being bounded by the shell on a plurality of sides and exposed on its other sides.

5. In combination with a kiln car having a platform, a tier of refractory bodies substantially covering said platform, those of the bodies adjacent the edges of the platform each comprising a hollow metallic shell forming certain of the vertical walls of the body and refractory material disposed in the lshell and forming the other walls thereof and blocks of refractory material substantially filling the space on the platform included by the first mentioned bodies. j

6. In combination with a kiln car having a platform, a tier of refractory blocks disposed on the platform, the outermost blocks of the tier adjacent the edges of the platform each comprising a hollow cast iron shell forming the top, bottom, and opposite end walls of the block and refractory material disposed in said shell and forming the side walls of the block, and blocks of refractory material substantially filling the space on the platform defined by the first mentioned blocks.

7. In combination with a kiln car having a platform, a tier of refractory blocks disposed on the platform, the outermost blocks of said tier lying adjacent the edges of the platform each comprising a metallic shell having refractory material disposed in the interior thereof, and other blocks composed solely of refractory material substantially filling the space on the platform defined by the first mentioned blocks.

8. In combination with a kiln car having a rectangular platform, a tier of refractory blocks disposed on the platform, the blocks of the tier lying adjacent the perimeter of the platform having metallic end surfaces.

9. In combination with a kiln car having a rectangular platform, a tier of refractory blocks disposed on the platform, the blocks of the tier lying adjacent the perimeter of the platform having metallic top, bottom and end surfaces whereby the tier presents substantially continuous metallic end faces and a substantially continuous metallic top face of a limited width around its perimeter.

l0. A refractory body for use on kiln cars having a metallic shell covering its ends for protection against damage to the refractory material in the body.

l1. A refractory body for use on kiln cars having metallic outer surfaces at its ends and refractory material disposed therebetween, the metal forming said surfaces being intimately united to said refractory material.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 22nd day of August, 1980.

JESSE S. HOGUE.

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