US1878948A - Plumbing system - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 20, 1932. w. J. LUFF PLUMBING SYSTEM Filed July 15, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR; M/fazkigfhfizffi' IBY 0 I rromvfig Sept. 20, 1932; w. J. LUFF PLUMBING SYSTEM Filed July 15, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR. Wz/Za/TZ J 0521f) Patented Sept. 2!), 1932 tenses WILLARD J. LUFF, OF CLEVELAND HEIGHTS, OHIO PLUMBING SYSTEM Application filed. July 15, 1930. Serial No. 468,172.

My invention relates to plumbing systems, and particularly to improvements in building drainage and vent fittings. One of the objects of my invention is to provide fittings to be used to connect a waste and vent stack sys tem to a series of lateral waste branches leading to water closets, bath tubs, washbasins and similar fixtures, in such a way as to etfectually prevent the siphonage of the seals of the fixture traps in said lateral branches,

and to prevent back pressure from disturbing the seals of said traps, and also maintain an efiicient air circulation through the entire system. This invention is also intended to permit the connection of the maximum number of said fixtures into a waste stack, by connecting the lateral branches into the stack in such a manneras to secure the minimum of frictional resistance when the discharge through the lateral branch unites with the discharge in the stack, or with the discharge of other lateral branches. A further object of the invention is to secure the maximum of velocity in the lateral waste branches by connecting them into'the waste stack with the maximum of downward grade and also to avoid the encroachment of the branches below the bottom of the ceiling joist, or the front of the studding in the vertical wall in which the waste and vent stacks are located,

thus combining compactness with hydraulic elficiency. My invention also aims to secure a vertical branch vent-functioning toprotect all the lateral waste branches in the group,

1 carried to a point above the top of all the fixtures in the group to prevent thedeposit of solids in the event of solid laden wastesback ing up into said branch. To the aboveends,

my invention therefore comprises the various features which I shall hereinafter describe and claim.

To the accomplishment-of thetoregoing and related ends, said invention,.then, consists 4.5 of the meanshereinafter fullydescribed and particularly pointed-out in the claims; the

annexed drawings and the following descrip:

tion setting forth in detail-certain structure embodying the invention, such disclosed means constituting, however, but one of various mechanical forms in which the principle I l of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawings Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic elevation showing the installation of. my invention "in a venti lated drainage system for a building, the installation on a top floor and on a. lower floor being shown; Figs. 2 and '3 are detail plan views showing the connections of my im proved fitting; Fig. 4 is a verticalgcentral section through a lower floor form of my improved fitting and is taken either on'the line 44 of Fig. 5 or on the line 4-4' of Fig.8, looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig, 5 is a horizontal section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4, lookingdown; Fig. 6' is a vertical section on the line 66 of Fig. 5 in the direc tion of the arrows; Fig. 7 is a view corresponding to Fig. 4, but showing a form of fitting'for the top floor; Fig. 8 is a view corresponding to Fig. 5, but sho-wing'a double inlet; and Fig. 9 is a'view onthe li-ne99 of g. 8, in the direction of the arrows. Referring more particularly to Fig. 1, my fitting is shown as applied to a system including a. soil or waste stack 1 and a vent stack 2, and also including, on all floors below the top, an additional vent pipe The lower floor fitting is indicated as 4 and is shown on a larger scale in Fig. 4, while the top floor fittin-g designated as 7 is shown enlarged in Fig. 7. i

As best shown in Fig. 4, my fitting comprises an enlarged body portion 10, having top hubs 11 and 12, a bottom connection 13 and various lateral waste inlets 1 1, 15, 16 and, in certain forms, 17 The hub '11 receives the bottom of a section of the additional vent pipe 3,'the hub 12 receives the bottom of a section ofthe soil or wastestackl, while the bottom connection 13 fits into the hub at the top of a lower section of the soil or waste stack 1, while the lateral waste inlets receive the waste'or soil pipes from the various fixtures.

In order to keep the lateral waste inlets 1 within the limited space between ceiling and floor, as ndicated 'in Fig. 1, it is necessary to have all so located that their inner sur-v faces oin=the body 10 of the fitting at the top,

the intersection of the upper inner edge of I fitting was exceeded, causing waste or waste and soil to back up in the various fixture outlets. The running off of such an accumulation at times caused the waste seals in the va- I rious fixture traps to be siphoned out. My lmproved fitting avoids such backing up, and

' consequently permits the waste stack 1 to be utilized at maximumefiiciency. This is accomplished by giving each lateral waste inlet a sharp downward inclination so as to direct its stream in a direction to converge with the main descending stream from the top inlet 12 to the outlet 13 instead of across the main stream as in the prior art. There limitations of space are not important, as on the side where the inlet 14 enters, this downward slant can be impartedby a modified Y fitting, but for inlets such as 15, 16 and-17 which are entirely or partly on what I may term the faces of the fitting, this is not permissible because it would-result in an unsightly exposure at thejunction of wall and ceiling. Therefore those inlets have their down slope. produced by a formation which projectsvery little from the body of the fitting, as best illustrated in Figs. 6 and 9, and which is received in the space between the ventand waste channels 31 and 32, respectively, Fig. 5..

. Referring to Fig. 6 it will be'seen that the upper surface of the inlet 16 is sloped down at 29, and the lower surface is sloped down at 28. The surfaces 28 and 29 thus define a channel suchthat a tangential continuation of the axis of the inner end will intersect the plane common to the axes of the channels 31 and 32 at an acute angle which is very much less than a right angle, and preferably considerably less than 45. 3 Consequently the en- 1 tering stream is travelling downward alongside the main waste stream before the two streams join, with the result that the lateral branch discharge does not impede the progress of the main stream, and thus the disadvantages of back water and possible siphoning of the traps'are prevented without using an unduly largefitting or one which will encroach upon the ceilingor front wall space.

The branch connection just described may be doubled without departing from the prin ciples of vertical section in is placed on the side opposite to 16, the tops of the branches meetingin a cusp 27 at the the invention. This is illustrated in Fig; 9,'where a branch 17 gentially with respect to the channel 31 with 1 out having any part ofthe neck 35 extend far below the hub portion of the inlet 15.

With this fitting no aspirating or inflowing effect can occur in any branch for the reason that the vent channel 31, connected at 11 to the additional vent pipe 3, always gives a free supply of air above the descending waste streams. The pipe 3 is connected to the main vent stack as at .36.

The top fioorfitting Fig. '2, differs fromthose on the lower floors by having only a waste or soil stack connection 12; the remainder of the top of the body 10 being closed off by an integral flat surface 37 Otherwise the fitting is constructed in the samemanner as the fitting 4. In Fig. 7 the corresponding parts bear the same reference characters as-in Fig. ,4, but with prime marks, i

The'portion of the waste stack 1 above the fitting 'Z carries no water and is directly open to the roof vent, with the result that a free supply of air :is' always available through the passage 32. to prevent siphoning of trap seals.

It isunderstcod that the objects of this inventiondo notnecessitate any distinction between a soiljpipe and a waste pipe and wherever the. term.waste pipe is used herein it is intended to apply equally to a soil pipe.

v Other modes of applying the principle of my invention maybe employed instead of the one explained, change being made as regards the mechanism herein disclosed, provided the meansstated by any of the following claims or the equivalent of such stated means be employed. a V

. '1 therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention 1. A waste pipe fitting adapted for connection with the pipe sections of a ventilated building drainage, system and comprising a chamber which is provided at its bottom with 'an'outlet connection for the upper end of a section of awaste pipe and at its top with a vertically disposed connection for the lower end of a section of a waste pipe and a vertically disposed connection for the lower end 7, shown in detail in inner ends intersecting said body portion substantially at a common plane.

.2. A "waste pipe fitting constructed at top and bottom for connection into a waste pipe section of a ventilated buildingdrainage system-and having a body portion intermediate its top and bottom, a plurality of waste inlets having the axes of their inner ends directed substantially downward and the tops of the interior surfaces of saidinner ends intersecting said body portion substantially at a common plane, having the axes of their outer ends substantially in said common plane, with a axes of their inner ends directed substantially downward and the tops of the interior surfaces of said inner ends intersecting said body portion substantially at a common plane, said inlets having the axes of their outer ends substantially in said common plane, and a vent opening entering said body portion at substantially the said common plane.

4. A waste pipe fitting constructed for com a nection with the pipes of a ventilated build- '35 ing drainage system and comprising a body portion provided at itsjbottom with a waste pipe outlet connection and at its top with a vertically disposed inlet connection for a waste pipe, and a vertically disposed connection for a vent pipe, and also at its top with a waste inlet, the axis of the inner end of said inlet being directed substantially downward, the inner end of the interior surface of said inlet being disposed substantially within the space between said waste pipe connection and said vent pipe connection.

5. A waste pipe fitting connected at its top and bottom for connection with the pipe sections of a ventilated building drainage system and comprising a body portion which is provided at its bottom with an outlet connection for the upper end of a section of a waste pipe and at its top with a vertically disposed inlet connection for the lower end of a section of a waste pipe and a vertically disposed connection for the lower end of a section of a vent pipe, and also at its top with a waste inlet having the axis of its inner end directed substantially downward and entering said body portion with the top of its inner end intersecting said body portion between opposite planes, each of whichis a common tangent to said waste connection and said vent connection.

6. A waste pipe fitting adapted for use as an element of a ventilated building drainage system and comprising an elongated body portion having its walls formed in "substantially symmetrical relation to a certain plane Y and provided at one of its ends with an outlet connection for asection of awaste pipe and at the other of its ends with an inlet connection for a section of a'waste pipe and a vent pipe connection spaced from said waste inlet connection but in proximity thereto, a waste 1111617 intermedlate said inlet connection and said vent pipe connection, said waste inlet having the axis of'its inner end intersecting said certain plane at an acute angle substantially less than a right angle and having a I part of the intersection of'its interior surface with the interior surfaceof said body portion 7 between the intersections of the interior surface of said waste inlet connection an'd-of'said Ventinlet connection,"respectively, with the interior'surface of said body portion.

7. A waste pipe fitting constructed for connections with the pipe sections of a ventilated building drainage system :and comprising an elongated bo'dy portion having its walls formed in substantially symmetrical relation to a certain plane and provided at one end with an outlet connection for .a section of a waste pipe and its other end with an inlet connection for a section of a waste pipe and a vent pipe connection spaced from said inlet connection for said waste pipe "and in proximity thereto, a waste inlet intermediate said inlet connection for saidwaste pipe and said vent pipe connection,--said waste inlet having the :axis of its inner end intersecting saidcertain plane at an acute angle sub-stantial'ly less than a right angle and having the inner end of its interior surface extending substantially beyond a plane tangent to the interior surface of said body pertio-n and parallel to said certain plane.

8.'A waste pipe fitting constructed at its ends for connection with the pipesectionsof a ventilated building drainage system and comprising an elongated body portion having'its walls formed in substantially symmetrical relation to a certain plane,-said end construction comprising at opposite ends an inlet and outlet waste pipe connection, and a vent pipe connection spaced from said waste ito see

pipe sections of a Ventilated building drainage system and lets, said top connections being vertically disposed and laterally spaced, said waste inlets being disposed between said two top connections and with their axes directed substantially downward. 1 I V '10. A waste :pipefitting adapted for use as an element of a ventilated building drain age system and comprising an elongated body portion having its-walls formed in substantially symmetrical-relation to a-certain plane andprovided at one of its ends with an outlet connection for a section of a waste pipe and at the other of its ends with an inlet connection for a section of a'waste pipe and a vent pipe connection spaced from said waste inlet connection but in proximity thereto, a

pair of waste inlets intermediate said waste inletj connection and said vent pipe connection, said waste inlets having the axes of their inner ends intersecting said certain plane at acute angles substantially less than a right angle and having parts ofthe intersections of their interior surfaces with the interior surface of said body portion betweenthe intersections of the interior surfaces of said waste inlet connection and of said vent inlet connection, respectively, with the interior surface of said body portion. A

11. A waste pipe fitting connected at its top and bottom for connection with the pipe sections of aventilated building drainage system and comprising a body portion which is provided at its bottom with an outlet conalso having lateral waste in:

; more than one size with the axes of their inner ends directed substantially downward and the tops of the interior surfaces of said inner ends intersecting said body portion substantially at a common plane, said inlets having the axes of their outerfends substantially in said common plane, and a vent opening entering said body portion at substantially the same common plane. I

th's 2nd day of July, 1930 Signed by me, l WILLARD J. LUFF.

nection for the upper end of a section of waste pipe and at its top with a vertically disposed inlet connection for the lower end of a section of a waste pipe, and a vertically disposed. connection for the lower end of ascotion of a vent pipe, and also at its top with a pair of waste inlets having the axis of their inner ends directed substantially downward and entering said'body portion with the top of their inner ends intersecting said body portion between opposite planes, each of which is a common tangent to said waste connection and said vent connection.

. 12. A waste and vent pipe fitting construced witha top vent connection and a bottom connection to a waste pipe sectionaot a ventilated building. drainage system and having a body portion intermediate its top and bottom, a plurality of waste-inlets having the axes of their inner ends directed substantially downward and-the tops of the-interior surfaces of said inner ends intersecting said body portion substantially at a common plane, having the-axes of their outer ends substan tially in said common plane, with a vent opening entering said body portion substantially at the same common plane.

13. A waste and vent pipe fitting constructed with a top vent connection and a bottom connection to a waste pipe section of a ven-

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