US1873368A - Ventilator - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 23, 1932. A FlLKlNs I 1,873,368

v VENTILATOR Filed Sept. 18. 1929 ,what in accordance with the velocity of air playing upon the y p I T sheets of metal conected together in the form Patented Aug. 23, 1932 ARTHUR :r, FILKINs; onnrvnnsrnn, iLLmoIs vnnrrnaron Application filed September s, 1529.- se iai 110,393,375. 1 f

. This invention relates to chimney topsor ventilators, but is more particularly adapted for use. as a ventilator at a pipe terminal for conveying air, gases and the-like from the in- 7 tion, of chimney or ventilator top embodylng my lnventionand having portions thereterior of buildings, and the invention is to provide certain novel improvements in a ventilator structure of the type disclosed in V U. S. Patent No. 1,728,494 granted to Harold Knutson for ventilator :on September 17, 1929, and to improve ventilators having a mode of operation similar to the aforesaid type of ventilator in sundry details hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Among other objects, the invention is intended to provide automatic means in a ventilator of thetype described in which a strong upward draft through the hoodof the ventilator is attained,resulting in the creation] of a vacuum atthe top of the ventilator pipe and a strong upward draft through the ven- I 'operatmgw1theach of the notched portions 11 area plurality of upwardly tapered U-,

tilator pipe by which the velocity of the air currents throuahthe hood, of the ventilator and consequently the draft through the ventilator may be decelerated or retarded somevice is submitted to exceptionally high wind f velocities, this automatic device being also adaptedto function in normal use as a dij.

vision plate in the air passages of the hood,

having the double function ofthe automatic draft retarder and to a large extentthe func-,

tion of a division or partition plate in the draft passages capable of dividing the air currents and by reason ofslight restrictions in the'air passages tending to accelerate the air velocities over the top of the ventilator pipe.

Other objects of the invention-will appear from the following specificatiomwhich is directed to. the preferred embodiment of the invention as shown in the accompanying drawing forming a part of the specification, the

ed out in the appended claims'.

In the said drawing Fig. 1 1s an elevation'al view, partlyin secturesthereof. a Fig. 2 is ardetached perspectivevi'ew of one of the pivotally mounted draft controlling devlces adapted to beloperated byfthe air pressurestrikingthe ventilator hood.' a

The reference numeral 1O designates a'isecof broken away to illustrate the novel feaing. a, continuation of theupper end -of a novel features being moreparticularly point- 2 tion of pipe adaptedto: be secured-to or form 7 h ventilator or chimney pipe and having:

formed in its upper edge portion a plurality,

of uniformlyuspaced notchesll, preferably ofisubstantially V-shap'ed form. Secured to the outer surfaceofthe pipe 10"and suitably spaced therearoundiand overlying and coshaped draft memberspreferably in the form .of adividedfhood. 1

j It is a'convenien't to form these draftfmernbers of one or more of a hood'thatiwill slip downwardly around the upper end of the pipelO, the upwardly tapered; draft passages being U-shaped as designated by reference character 12 and the [outer walls} thereof being indicated at 18. .Tlie material forming this hoodhaving the divided upwardly tapered passages 12 is preferably brought between eachjof the draft members to apoint where it contacts with the outer periphery of the pipe-1O as indicated at 14, at which points of contact with the pipe thehood may be secured to the pipe in any. suitable manner, not shown, ifa mode. of securementj other 'than frictional contact is desired. 15 is the usual ventilatoryc'ap, preferably being given a slightly conical shape, as illustrated in Fig. land being sup ported by a'plurality of spaced brackets 16, I which brackets. support intermediate the cap plate 15 and the hood'13'an annular supple mental cap plate 17 in the form of a frustum of a cone, the'latterbeing rivetedto'the method of construction v I other suitable means to the top of the pipe between each of the upwardly tap'ered'passages 13 of the hood. In this type of ventilator the upwardlyrestricted passages .12 are exposed to the action of lateral air currents I "by'reaso'n of thefact that the material 13 of the hood is cut away at an angle of forty-five degrees or more to the horizontal, as indicated at 21. 7, Consequently, when lateral air cur rents strike the hood of theventilator, travelling in the approximately horizontal direction, the further direction of travel of the air upon striking thehood 13 'will' be'up- 325 'wardly and due to the restricted passageway the pressure and consequently the velocity of the air will tend to increase.

y The material of the upper end of the pipe adjacent the V-shaped notches llis prefero'ably notched, as indicated at 22, and the f edges 'of the material adjacent the notch 11, f as indi-cated at 23, are bent outwardly in this type ofventilator, with-the result that the currents passing over these flanged or bent w edges in the upper end of the pipe are found to produce eddies or counter-currents with a l tendency to vacuum at the upper end of the 'pipe that cause a distinctupperdraft in the pipe 10, the air thus set in motion with any i gases or impurities adjacent the lower-end of the'pipe 10 passing on upward through the upper end of the hood 1'3 and then outw'ard from under the cap plate 17 or theltopcap plate 15, a result that will be augmentedby the usual air pressure fromthe outside of the ventilator when there is any wind'blowing.

The type of ventilator as above described and claimed in the aforesaidprior patent is found to be highly efficient and in fact, under some conditions oflateral air pressure when 7 exceptionally strong winds are blowing, the action .of the ventilator may result ina too rapid currentbeing produced through the .device, v V

Itisthe chief object of the inventionto remedy. this situation and to'otherwise im- 1 prove the operation of the device, which I accomplish by theprovision of the wind opterated swinging vane (shown in Flg. 2),

430 which ;is pivotally mounted and counter- Weighted so as to normally hang approximately vertically within the upwardly ta- Mpered passage12of each of' the hood members 13, This swinging vane is designated it; I generally by the reference character It 10 between the notches 1 1, Therewill preferably be one of these supporting brackets is preferably a piece of sheet metal of subf stantially rectangular form and at its lower extremity and along the lower edge thereof it may be counter-weighted by rolling the sheet metal thereof, as indicated at 26, around a metallic pin 27 of a length equal to the width of the vane, or any other suitable counterbalancing 0r weighting means may be attached to the lower edge thereof. This vane 25 is preferably of a length suflicient to extend below the closed wall 13 of the passageways 12 in the hood for avconsiderable distance of the length of the; vane, thus exposing the greater part of the vane below i its pivotal mounting in the walls of the hood to the action of lateral air currents passing into and being. thencedeflected upwardly through the hood passages 12'. These vanes '25 may'conveniently be pivotally connected with the lateral walls of the hood passages 12 bymeans of pivot members of any desired" construction. v V p V One "convenient means, of constructingsuch pivotal attachment of the vanes is illustrated in Fig. '2,iin which a cylindrical metallic.

shaft 28 is flattened as at 29 intermediate its ends and perforated in the'flattened portion to takea rivet or pin 30 passingfalso through a perforation. in theyanes 25. I

prefer to bend 'the upper end; of the vanes 25 along the approximate line at which the" "pivot shaft 28 is securedthereto, the bent or deflected portion above the pin being inclined at an angle tothe body'of thevanebelow the pivot pin, as indicated at 31. V "of the vane is also slitted by parallel cuts and the portions 32 between the slits deflected from the body of the material an dsufliciently The material elongated or stretched so as to permit the inserti on of shaft 28 under these deflected slitted portions after which the portions 32 are pressed upon andaround the shaft, thus tending to more firmly anchor-the pivot shafti28 to the vanes. The, degree of the aforesaid bend 'of the upper end 31; of the vane outiof the plane of the lower body portion thereof will depend upon the size and construction ofthe hood 13 and upon the amount of maximum restriction that is desired inthe passageway.

The lateral walls of the hood passages 12 may .be somewhat radially inclined, under y l which conditions the vanes 25 in order to be 7 pivotallytoperative, will of I course, of necessityhave tojbe of a width "equal only to I the minimum distance between the side walls of the-passage, and to prevent lateral play of the vanes, bushings 33 maybe inserted 7 on the ends of the shaft .28 to properly space the vanes '25 and prevent them from binding against any portionsof the side walls of hood passages. 7 V

The operation of the novel features of the :improved hood will be understood from the aforesaid description, it sufli'clng further to say that when substantially longitudinalair currents of exceptionally high velocity-strike the projecting lower ends of the vanes- 25, the vane 25 will tend 'to-b'e. rocked to the lator, thus automatically in the case of exceptionally high wind velocities, regulating the vacuum that will be produced in the upper end of the pipe 10 and the consequent y discharge rate of theventilator. The amount of the countenweight appliedto'the lower end of the vane and other conditions attendant upon the construction of the hood passages and the vane may obviouslybe'varied duringthe course of manufacture to accommodate the device for use under various atmospheric conditions, and it willbe seen that the invention provides means whereby too rapid interchange of air through the vein tilators or chimneys maygbe automatically prevented in cases of storm and exceptionally high wind velocities. a

-he present invention is not. intended to'be limited to the precise construction and arrangement shown and described, since various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the purpose and spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. In a ventilator or chimney the combination with a pipe of a hood surrounding the eX- haust terminal of the pipe, there being a portion of the hood projecting above the upper end of the pipe, the said hood being formed as an enlargement aroundtheperiphery of the pipe with spaced apart portions thereof formed inwardly to contact with the outer periphery of the pipe whereby to provide between said spaced apart inwardly formed portions on the hood, a plurality of upwardly tapering draft passages outside of said pipe and communicating with the interior thereof at its upper extremity, a. cap plate positioned above said pipe and hood, and draft control vanes, one of which is pivotally and swingably mounted within each of said draft passages in the hood, there being a portion at the lower end of each of said pivotally and swingably mounted vanes projecting below the lower end of the draft passages in the the said vanes to the action of air currents traveling in a general horizontal direction toward the vertical axis of the pipe.

2. In a ventilator or chimney, the combination with a pipe having a plurality of V- shaped notches formed in its upper edge, of a plurality of draft members around said pipe and co-operable therewith in a manner to form a plurality of upwardly positioned" tapered pasages outside said: pipe and adjacent said notches, a cap plate positioned above said pipe and members, and pivotally' mounted partition plates within said draft i 'membersadapted to be operated to a position to substantially restrict the saidupwardly tapered passages in the draft members upon the application of wind pressures or velocities above a predetermined degree to the said draft members.

V 3.- In a ventilator or chimney, theconibinas tion with apipe having aplurality ofw shaped notches formed in its upperedge' of a plurality of draft members-positioned around said pipe and co-operabletherewith in a manner to form aplurality of upwardly tapered passages outside said pipe and adjacent said notches, a capplate positioned above said pipe and members, and pivotally-mounted partition plates" "within said, 3 upwardly tapered draft passages being adapted to form normally a plurality ofradially spaced passages within said members and also to be swung to positions to substantially restrict.

said'draft; passages uponthe application thereto of abnormal air pressures or velocities. a h

4. In a'ventilator or chimney, the comb-ination with a'p'ipe havinga plurality of V;'

shaped notches formed its 'upper edge, of aphirality of draft. members'po sitioned around said pipe and co-operable therewith ina'man'ner to form a plurality of upwardly tapered passagesouts'ide said pipeand adjacent s'aidnotches, a cap plate positioned above said pipe and draftinembers, pivotally mounted partition plates within said upwardly tapereddraft passages being adapted to form normally a plurality of radially spaced pasages within said membersand also ,1 to be swungto-positionsfito substantially {restrict said draft passages upon the application theretoof abnormal airpressures or velocities, and flanges projecting outwardly y 'fromthe edgesof 'said V shaped notches in the pipe and being adapted to "lie' adjacent the upper projecting ends of" said pivotally mounted partition plates.

5. In a ventilator or chimney, the-e on 'ibination with a pipe, of va plurality of draft mernberspositioned aroun'd said pipe and co operable therewith in a manner to forinja plurality ofupwardlyltapered passages outside said pipe, a plate. positioned above said i e and draft a ssa 'es and artition hood, thus exposing the lower extremities of r p p I i 10 4 plates pivotally mounted in each of said draft .meinbers in a manner to form a plurality of.

radially exposed passages within said members, the lower ends of saidpartition plates projecting below the -exposed lower ends of said draft memberswhereby to be -accessible -tially} restr-ic't said upwardly tapered draft passages; Y .i a

T6. In a ventilator or chimney, the combination with a pipe having a' plurality of. V- sh'aped notches formed in its upper edge, a plurality ,of U-shaped draft members univformly spaced around said pipe adjacent said notches and co-operable with said pipe in a manner to form a plurality of upwardly tapered passages outside said pipeand adjacen'tjsa-id notches, a cap plate positioned above said pipe and draft members, a plurality of j'pivot'ally mounted; partition plates in saidv draft members adapted to forma plurality ofradially spaced innerfand outer passages within said members, the lower'ends of said vpivotally mounted partition plates extending belowthe lower ends of said draft members whereby said pivotally mounted plat-es may be acted upon by excessiveiair currents 'or pressures t"Sul3StElIlt1&ll restrict the sald .radially spaced inner and outer passages in,

the draft members, and outwardly inclined flanges along the upper edge of saidV-shaped notches in said pipe whereby to permanently restrict a sectional draft area of said draft passages.

7. In a ventilator or chimney, thecombination with a pipe, a plurality of draft members-positioned around said pipe in a manner to form a plurality of upwardly tapered passagesoutside said pipe, a cap plate posi-' tioned above said pipe and members, means carried by the pipe for permanently restrict-o around the upper edge thereof and being adapted to co-operate with the. outer faceof said pipein a manner-to form a plurality of airpassages aroundthe upper end of said pipe, and a vane pivotally mounted in each of the said airpassages,ithe lower end of the vane being counter-weighted and projecting below the lower extremity of the said air draft passages whereby to be operated by lateral currents-of air of predetermined velocity or pressure :to substantially restrict Y said draft passages. a

10. Ina ventilator or chimney, the nation with a pipe of a plurality of upwardly V tapered draft ,'annularly s e-1 aroundsaid'pipe and extending above the upper edge thereof, and pivotallymounted partitionrplates in said draft-members, the low- I er endsof said plates extending below the lower ends of-said draft passages whereby beexposed to lateral air currents and rocked about their pivotal connections to restrict the cross=seotionalareas of said draft passages by-lateral currents of air'of pressure or velocity. V y

In testimony whereof I'have signed my name to this specification, on this 20th day of August A. D. 1929.- r

predetermined ingthe cross sectional draft area through said a draft members, and means adapted to divide o thepassages through said draft members into a plurality'of radially spaced inner and outer 9 1 passages, sai d means being adapted to be op- .erated by excessive lateral air currentsto substantially restrict the cross sectional area of said draft passages.

8. In a ventilator or chimney, the combination with a pipe having a plurality of V shaped notches spaced around the upper'end thereof, of a plurality of U shaped upwardly tapered draft -members'. 'annula-rly spaced around said pipe and extending around the upper edge thereof, said members being adapted to co-operate with the outer face of said pipe in a manner to form a plurality I ally mounted vanes in the, respective U- said U-shaped members shaped members being pivotally mounted in a ARTHUR'J. FILKINS.

,of air passages adjacent said notches, pivot j substantially vertical position with their lower ends exposed below the lower ends of the p to provide a plurality L of radially spaced upwardly tapered passages within said members,and a cap plate positioned above said members said vanes and said pipe. I

9, Ina ventilator or chimney, the combination with a pipe, upwardly tapered draft members-annularly spaced around said pipe and extending a plurality ofI U-shaped

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