US1866195A - Radio valves employing gallium - Google Patents

Radio valves employing gallium Download PDF

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Publication number
US1866195A
US1866195A US456255A US45625530A US1866195A US 1866195 A US1866195 A US 1866195A US 456255 A US456255 A US 456255A US 45625530 A US45625530 A US 45625530A US 1866195 A US1866195 A US 1866195A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
gallium
filament
glass
radio
valves employing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US456255A
Inventor
Creuze Pierre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe dEtudes Scientifiques et Industrielles de lIle de France SA
Original Assignee
Ile De France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ile De France filed Critical Ile De France
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1866195A publication Critical patent/US1866195A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J1/02—Main electrodes
    • H01J1/13—Solid thermionic cathodes
    • H01J1/14—Solid thermionic cathodes characterised by the material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/294—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core including metal or compound thereof [excluding glass, ceramic and asbestos]
    • Y10T428/2942—Plural coatings
    • Y10T428/2944—Free metal in coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/294—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core including metal or compound thereof [excluding glass, ceramic and asbestos]
    • Y10T428/2942—Plural coatings
    • Y10T428/2949—Glass, ceramic or metal oxide in coating

Definitions

  • Gallium is a white, hard, slightly malleabl'e' It oxidizes but little and does notvolatilize' at all, even at a red heat. It unites all the conditions for obtaining an abundant emission of electrons with the aid of very low temperatures. Finally it possesses the prop erty of adhering strongly to glass when it is cover a metallic filament with a very light layer of a glass having a high fusing point,
  • the object of the present invention is to employ gallium or its salts forconstructing a valve which can be heated at extremely low temperatures either directly with continuous or alternating current from the mains (with a transformer and resistance) or with bat-f.
  • the filament covered with glass then receives a more or less thick coating of gallium either by dipping in the liquid state and slow- 1y cooling, or by pulverizing under a low pressure, or by a galvanoplastic or electrolytic process or by casting it, etc;
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view'ofa filament.
  • Figure 2 is a dlagrammatlc. view of'a radio valve embodying afilament according to the The arrangement shownin Figural of the drawing comprises a filament 1' made of suit 1 any other way.
  • the filament thus prepared is then arranged in the claws of thefilament supporting wires of avalve, and the subsequent operations for completing the'valve aresimilar to those usually carried out (positioning the grid and the plate, creating the vacuum, etc.)
  • Figure 2 shows adiagrammaticsectional view of a valve comprising a filament such. as that shown in Figure 1. In this figure, 4.
  • the gallium may be arranged in the form ofa solid or hollow disc in the in teriorof which the heating element is ar-
  • the metal heating filament covered with .glass is ar- 7 V ranged across a diameter of the gallium disc; but it may also be arranged in the form of a spiral, as shownat 13 in the plan ;view in L 80 7 i In the example shown in Figure 5, the metal Figure 4.
  • heating filament 14 is arranged inside a glass 7 support 15 receivingthe gallium disc 16.
  • the source of'heat may continue to be external, 7
  • a generator which may be a simple alcohol lamp or a petrol lamp with a temperature regu-l lator.
  • This regulator may beformed by a simple strip of zinc or iron, closing the source of heat when the temperature reaches31?,1
  • Vglass being in turn coated with a layer of

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  • Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)

Description

Filed May 27, 1950 l vvvvvv I molten; Moreover, it is known that it is possible to Patented July 5, 1932 UNITED sT rEs PIERRE onEUzE; E PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNO 'ro ,so IErE, nmunnssoinnrrr reuns ET INDUSTRIELLES, or RABS,; FRANGE RADIO vALvEs m mas earma- I i Application filed May 2?, i930. Serial mi; 456,255yand in France Jur st-1925;:
Gallium is a white, hard, slightly malleabl'e' It oxidizes but little and does notvolatilize' at all, even at a red heat. It unites all the conditions for obtaining an abundant emission of electrons with the aid of very low temperatures. Finally it possesses the prop erty of adhering strongly to glass when it is cover a metallic filament with a very light layer of a glass having a high fusing point,
such as boro-silicate glass.
The object of the present invention is to employ gallium or its salts forconstructing a valve which can be heated at extremely low temperatures either directly with continuous or alternating current from the mains (with a transformer and resistance) or with bat-f.
tery or accumulator elements of very low power or by any external source of heat.
Nothing has to be modified in the existing form and arrangements of radio valves excepting in the filament. The latter, which is of a suitable metal of suitable diameter, is covered with a layer of boro-silicate glass.
The filament covered with glass then receives a more or less thick coating of gallium either by dipping in the liquid state and slow- 1y cooling, or by pulverizing under a low pressure, or by a galvanoplastic or electrolytic process or by casting it, etc;
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:
Figure 1 is a sectional view'ofa filament.
according to the. invention.
Figure 2 is a dlagrammatlc. view of'a radio valve embodying afilament according to the The arrangement shownin Figural of the drawing comprises a filament 1' made of suit 1 any other way.
able metal, a layer 'of' glassfi on thisvfilament and a coating of gallium 3 covering the glass.
- =.The filament thus prepared is then arranged in the claws of thefilament supporting wires of avalve, and the subsequent operations for completing the'valve aresimilar to those usually carried out (positioning the grid and the plate, creating the vacuum, etc.)
Figure 2 shows adiagrammaticsectional view of a valve comprisinga filament such. as that shown in Figure 1. In this figure, 4.
and 5 are the leadsto the filament 6, 9,is the" grid and the plate. Provision may be made. of a transformer 7 and a resistanceS contained in the base of the: valve.
Instead of forming the 'filamentfas. de-
scribed ab ove, the gallium may be arranged in the form ofa solid or hollow disc in the in teriorof which the heating element is ar- In the case shown in this figure, the metal heating filament covered with .glass is ar- 7 V ranged across a diameter of the gallium disc; but it may also be arranged in the form of a spiral, as shownat 13 in the plan ;view in L 80 7 i In the example shown in Figure 5, the metal Figure 4.
heating filament 14 is arranged inside a glass 7 support 15 receivingthe gallium disc 16.
In the case when it is desired-to obtain the heating by other means than electricity, the source of'heat may continue to be external, 7
andbe composed of vapoursor hot air with a generator which may be a simple alcohol lamp or a petrol lamp with a temperature regu-l lator.
This regulator may beformed by a simple strip of zinc or iron, closing the source of heat when the temperature reaches31?,1
this regulation being similar to that employed in heating stoves using petrol or operated in As will be seen, this valve permits with very different and numerous accessory heating;
means',jver.y varied types of lamps to be obtained. These lamps are capable of permit-:
j T: f 3 p 1,866,195
ting numerous mountings which avoid the greater part of the dangers which are encountered in practice. They also permit the weight of apparatus and the overall dimensions to be reduced and to obtain detection and amplification :under .themo st favorable ternating currents.
conditions and also the rectification .of al- I What I claim is:
' -1.-A filament for radiova'lves composed T of a metal coated with a layer of glass, the
. Vglass being in turn coated with a layer of,
gallium. I
2. 'A filament for radio valves composedof. v
a metal, coated with a layer of fire resisting glass, the glass being in turn coated with a i 7 layer of gallium. 7 .In'testimony whereof I have-signed my name to this specification.
PIERRE CRE ZE."
US456255A 1929-06-01 1930-05-27 Radio valves employing gallium Expired - Lifetime US1866195A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1866195X 1929-06-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1866195A true US1866195A (en) 1932-07-05

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US (1) US1866195A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2421039A (en) * 1944-01-31 1947-05-27 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Cathode structure
US2440203A (en) * 1945-07-09 1948-04-20 Us Sec War Cathode structure

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2421039A (en) * 1944-01-31 1947-05-27 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Cathode structure
US2440203A (en) * 1945-07-09 1948-04-20 Us Sec War Cathode structure

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