US1862222A

US1862222A - Internal combustion engine valve mechanism

Info

Publication number: US1862222A
Application number: US497186A
Authority: US
Inventors: Kasten Walter
Original assignee: SKINNER MOTORS Inc
Current assignee: SKINNER MOTORS Inc
Priority date: 1930-11-21
Filing date: 1930-11-21
Publication date: 1932-06-07
Anticipated expiration: 1949-06-07

Description

June 7, 1932. w. KASTEN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE VALVE MECHANISM Filed Nov. 21, 1930 2 Sheets-Shee June 7, 1932. w. KASTEN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE VALVE MECHANISM Filed Nov. 21, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented dune Ti,

WALTER KASTEN, 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOB T0 SKINNER MOTORS, INC., 01? DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE VALVE MECHANISM Application filed November 21, 1930. Serial No. 497,186.

My invention pertains to certain structural and operating changes and advantages in the valve mechanisms of internal-combustion engines and relates more particularly to improvements in sliding valves and their operating means.

One outstanding aim or purpose of the invention is the provision of simplified means for actuating such valves, such mechanism requiring, or making desirable, certain modifications in the valves themselves.

The invention is of especial advantage and adaptability for incorporation or embodiment in semi-circular sliding valves, which, heretofore,have been used in pairs with a separate or independent actuating means for each valve, thus necessitating the employment of operating mechanism at each side of the cylinder.

According to the principles of the present new invention, the valves are so constructed that both may be worked by means positioned only at one side of the engine-cylinder.

To enable those trained in this art to understand the invention fully, a present, preferred embodiment of the same has been illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and for simplicity, like reference numerals have been employed to designate the same parts throughout the several views.

In these drawings Figure 1 is a vertical cross-section through a multi-cylinder, internal-combustion engine in which the invention has been combined. or employed, the engine comprising two rows of transversely, oppositely, inclined cylinders, according to a common practice;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary section on an enlarged scale showing a part only of the eccentric or crank-shaft for operating the sliding valves;

Figure 3 is an enlarged cross-section on line 3-3 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a perspective view of one of the arcuate or curved sliding valves;

Figure 5 is a similar view of its companion, reciprocatory valve; and

Figures 6 and 7 illustrate more or less diagrammatically another means for actuating the valves.

Referring to these drawings, which present a multi-cylinder, \I-type of internal-combustion engine with two rows of aligned cylinders arranged at an angle to one another, it will be observed that Figure 1 shows two

such cylinders

11 and 12 in cross-section.

Each such water-cooled, outer cylinder houses a suitably-supported, inner cylinder or sleeve 13 concentric therewith and spaced inwardly away therefrom, each such internal cylinder terminating just below the inlet and exhaust ports 14 and 15, respectively, of the companion, outer cylinder.

Bearing on the upper end of the inner cylinder there is a split, expansible sealing-ring 16 having

ports

17 and 18 in register with the corresponding ports of the outer cylinder.

Such sealing-ring is free to expand and contract and it co-operates with the ported, curved or

arcuate valves

19 and 21 between and slidable lengthwise of the two. cylinders.

Each cylinder has a suitable head 22 and between this and the sealing-ring appropriate co-operating members 23 are employed to seal the gas pressures in the cylinders, but without precluding the desired freedom of expansion and contraction of the sealingring. Such pressure-sealing construction constitutes the subject-matter of another pending so patent application.

Within the inner cylinders, the sliding pistons 24 are used and these are joined by connecting-rods .25, 26, in the usual way, to a common crank-shaft 27.

So far as thus described, there is nothing substantially novel, but the shapes of the valves are new and the operating mechanism is improved.

Each inlet-valve 19 at its upper end extends half-way around the companion cylinders and such upper part has a bridged port 28 adapted and designed to co-operate with the admission port 14 of the outer cylinder and the intake-port 17 of the sealingring.

In order that the two inlet-valves of the two opposed cylinders may be operated by suitable mechanism between the cylinders,

' each such valve has an extension 29 reaching about quarter way around the cylinders, and such extension is equipped with a pair of spaced, apertured

lugs

31, 31 located approximately 180 from, or about diametrically opposite, the middle of the ported, upper part of the valve.

Each of the two exhaust-valves 21 has a port 32 co-acting with the corresponding ports of the outer cylinder and sealing-ring, and each such valve has a longitudinallystraight, transversely-curved extension 33 fitted with a pair of outstanding, spaced, apertured

lugs

34, 34 located beside the

similar lugs

31, 31 of the companion intake-valve.

The extension or projection 33 extends around about one-fourth of the cylinders, and its

lugs

34, 34 are approximately in register or alignment with the middle of the' wider, upper section 21 of such valve.

This close arrangement of the lugs of both valves of the same cylinder allows the use of an operating or actuating means for the two on one side only of the cylinder, and the collocation or grouping of the cylinders permits the employment of a single eccentric or crank-shaft or similar means between the cylinders for working all of their valves.

Accordingly, a crank-shaft 35, revoluble in suitable bearings and rotated by the engine by any approved means in propertimed relation to the operation of its various elements, is positioned above the main, engine crank-shaft 27 and approximately between the inclined cylinders of the two groups or rows. 1

Each crank-section 36 of such shaft 35 is operatively connected to and reciprocates the intake-valve 19 of one cylinder and the exhaust-valve 21 of the opposed cylinder, and, to this end, each such crank-portion 36 is joined by an ordinary connecting-rod 37 to a wrist-pin 38 mounted in the lugs 31. 31' of.

the inlet-valve of one cylinder and by another connecting-rod 39 to a wrist-pin 41 carried by the lugs 34:, 34 of the exhaustvalve of the opposite cylinder.

Thus, by a single crank-shaft, or any other appropriate operating mechanism, located at one side only of the cylinder or at one side only of the piston and its connectingrod, both sliding valves are reciprocated in the correct manner, and, by positioning such actuating means, as shown, all of the valves of the two groups of opposed cylinders may be properly worked.

Those skilled in this art will readily understand that the invention, as defined by the appended claims, is not limited and restricted to the precise and exact details of structure shown and described, and that many more or less radical modifications may be incorporated in the structure without departure from the heart and essence of the invention and without the loss or sacrifice of any of its substantial or material benefits or advantages.

For example, in some cases the structure presented in Figures 6 and 7 may be used to advantage.

In this instance, the single crank section 51 of the crank-shaft 52, by suitable connecting-rods operates the intake-valve of one cylinder and the exhaust-valve of the opposed cylinder, the crank portion 53 actuates the exhaust-valve of the first-mentioned cylinder and another crank section 54 works the intake-valve of the second-mentioned cylinder.

Although this invention has been illustrated and described as incorporated in an internal-combustion engine, it should be borne in mind that it is equally applicable for satisfactory employment in an air compressor or similar structure.

I claim:

1. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of a ported outer cylinder, an inner cylinder inside of and spaced inwardly away from said outer cylinder, a head for said outer cylinder, a piston slidable in said inner cylinder, a crank-shaft to which said piston is operatively connected, a pair of substantially semi-circular valves unitedly forming a practically complete circle cooperating with the ports of said outer cylinder and located between and slidable lengthwise of said cylinders, means to seal the gas pressures in said cylinders, a rotary shaft revolved by said crank-shaft, and means 0peratively connecting said rotary shaft to both of said valves to effect their reciprocations.

2. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of an outer cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, an inner cylinder inside of and spaced inwardly away from said outer cylinder, a head for said outer cylinder, a piston slidable in said inner cylinder, a crank-shaft to which said piston is operatively connected, a-pair of substantially semicircular inlet and exhaust valves unitedly forming a practically complete circle cooperating with the corresponding ports of said outer cylinder and located between and slidable lengthwise of said cylinders, means to seal the gas pressures in said cylinders, and

means operated by said crank-shaft and located at one side only of said piston reciproeating both of said valves.

3. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of an outercylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, an inner cylinder in-' circular inlet and exhaust valves unitedly' forming a practically complete circle cooperating with the corresponding ports of said seaeaa outer cylinder and located between and slid able lengthwise of said cylinders, means to seal the gas pressures in said cylinders, an eccentric shaft rotated by said crank-shaft and located at one side of said piston, and means operatively connecting said eccentric shaft to both of said valves to eflect their reciprocations.

4. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of an outer cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, an inner cylinder inside of and spaced inwardly away from said outer cylinder, a head for said outer cylinder, a piston slidable in said inner cylinder, a crank-shaft to which said piston is operatively connected, a pair of substantially semicircular inlet and exhaust ports unitedly forming a practically complete circle cooperating with the corresponding ports of said outer cylinder and located between and slidable lengthwise of said cylinders, means to seal the gas pressures in said cylinders, said valves having lower portions in substantial alignment with the transverse center of one of said valves, and operating means actuated by said crank-shaft and located at one side only of said piston and connected to said valve lower portions to effect the valve reciprocations.

5. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of an outer cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, an inner cylinder inside of and spaced inwardly away from said outer cylinder, a head for said outer cylinder, a piston slidable in said inner cylinder, a crankshaft to which said piston is operatively connected, a pair of substantially semi-circular inlet and exhaust valves unitedly forming a practically complete circle cooperating with the corresponding ports of said outer cylinder and located between and slidable lengthwise of said cylinders, means to seal the ga's pressures in said cylinders, said valves hav ing lower portions with lugs in substantial alignment with the transverse center of one of said valves, an eccentric shaft located at one side of said piston and rotated by said crank-sh aft, and connecting-rods joining-said eccentric shaft with said valve lugs to effect the valve reciprocations.

6. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of a pair of outer cylinders arranged at an angle to one another and each having inlet and exhaust ports, an inner cylinder inside of and spaced inwardly away from each of said outer cylinders, a head for each of said outer cylinders, a piston slidable in each of said inner cylinders, a crankshaft to which said pistons are operativcly connected, a pair of substantially semi-circular inlet and exhaust valves unitedly forming a practically complete circle for and 00- operating with the corresponding ports of each of said outer cylinders and located between and slidable lengthwise of said cylinders, means to seal the gas pressures in said cylinders, and means operated by said crankshaft and located between said pistons for reciprocating both valves of both cylinders.

7. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of a pair of outer cylinders arranged at an angle to one another and each having inlet and exhaust ports, an inner cylinder inside of and spaced inwardly away from each of said outer cylinders, a head for 1 joined to one crank portion of said rotary crank-shaft and connected to and reciprocating the inlet-valve of one cylinder and the exhaust-valve of the other cylinder, and connecting-rods joined to another crank portion of said rotary crank-shaft and connected to and reciprocating the exhaust-valve of said first cylinder and the inlet-valve of said second cylinder.

8. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of a pair of outer cylinders arranged at an angle to one another and each having inlet and exhaust ports, an inner cylinder inside of and spaced inwardly away from each of said outer cylinders, a head for each of said outer cylinders, a piston slidable in each of said inner cylinders, a main crankshaft to which said pistons are operatively connected, a pair of substantially semi-circular inlet and exhaust valves unitedly forming a practically complete circle for and cooperating with thecorresponding ports of each of said outer cylinders and located between and slidable lengthwise of said inner and outer cylinders, means to seal the gas pressures in'said cylinders, a rotary crankshaft revolved by said main crank-shaft, connecting-rods joined to one crank portion of said rotary crank-shaft and connected to and reciprocating the inlet-valve of one cylinder and the exhaust-valve of the other cylinder, and means operated by said rotary crankshaft to reciprocate the exhaust-valve of said first cylinder and the inlet-valve of said second cylinder.

9. The combination of an outer cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, an inner cylinder inside of and spaced inwardly away from said outer cylinder, 21 head for said outer cylinder, a piston slidable in said inner cylinder, a crank-shaft to which said piston is operatively connected, substantially semicircular inlet and exhaust valves unitedly forming a practically complete circle cooperating with the corresponding ports of said outer cylinder and located between and slidable lengthwise of said cylinders, means to seal the gas pressures in said cylinders, and means operated by said crank-shaft and located at one side only of said piston reciprocating both of said valves.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

WALTER KASTEN.