US1861563A

US1861563A - Drawing bench

Info

Publication number: US1861563A
Application number: US268319A
Authority: US
Inventors: Diehl Johannes Friedrich
Original assignee: Berkenhoff & Drebes AG
Current assignee: Berkenhoff & Drebes AG
Priority date: 1927-04-21
Filing date: 1928-04-07
Publication date: 1932-06-07
Anticipated expiration: 1949-06-07

Description

June 7, 1932. J DlEHL 1,861,563

DRAWING BENCH Filed April '7, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 my h/or: i Mm $5M 926/24 June 7, 1932.

J. F. DIEHL 1,861,563

DRAWING BENCH Filed April '7, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 haven/or: W e 8M J. F. DIEHL.

DRAWING BENCH June 7, 1932.

4 Sheets-Shet 3 Filed April '7, 1928 June 7,1932. J. F. DlEHL 1,861,563

DRAWING BENCH Filed April 7, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 l L. U 1 Q 30 I25 LLE J Patented June 7, 3.932

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOHANNES FRIEDRICH DIEHL, F HERBORN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO BERKENHOFF & DRECBES AKTIENGESELLSC HAFT, 0F ASSLAB, NEAR WETZLAR, GERMANY DRAWING BENCH Application filed April 1928, Serial No.

My invention relates to, drawing benches for use in the manufacture of metal wire and more particularly to multiple benches. It is an object of my invention to provide an improved bench of this type. To this nd I so arrange its driving mechanism that the bench is actuated from above instead of from below as usual, involving the necessity of introducing the driving'shaft through the bottom -of the tank for the cooling medium.

Cooling by means of a liquid, such as a soap solution has been found to be indispensable in multiplel benches as slipping of the wire on the rec s is practically inevitable notwithstanding the use of stepped reels accordingto the variations of relative length and diameter of the wire, as the\circumferential velocity of the reels can never be predetermined to prevent slipping throughout. For comparatively thin wires effective cooling is particularly important. The coolingmedium may be squirted on those parts of the Wire which are exposed to excessive friction, but as this is often insufficient to prevent overheating, the only possibility is to effect the drawing in a body of cooling medium. This, however, involves certain difiiculties in connection with the oldsystem of arranging thedriving mechanism below the cooling tank. These diifi'culties are overcome according to my invention by arranging the whole mechanism altogether above the cooling tank so that the reels are immersedin the tank from above and are connected with the driving parts at their upper ends, their lower ends being free.

It is another object of my invention to provide means for varying the position of the driving mechanism with respect to the reeling tank so as to e'fi'ect the threading of the wire outside of the cooling medium and preferably outside of the cooling tank. Means may be provided for lifting the immersed parts from the tank, or else the tank may be adapted to be lowered with respect to the parts. A particularly suitable solution is a rockal le arrangement of the mechanism.

In the drawings aflixed to this specification and forming part thereof benches embody- 268,319, and in Germany April 21, 1927.

ing my invention are illustrated diagrammatically by way of example.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation,

' .Fig. 2 is a plan view, and

Fig. 3 is an end elevation of a bench according to my invention in which two reels are provided and the support of the driving I mechanism is trunnioned to the cooling tank,

Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation, and Fig. 5 is an end elevation of a similar bench having a greater number of reels,

Fig. 6 is a partly sectional elevation, and

Fig. 7 is a plan viewv of a machine in which the support for the driving mechanism is adapted to rock about a pivot which is arranged independently of the cooling tank.

In the old system referred to in the intro duction it is necessary that the operation 'should proceed from the bottom to the top of the tank and consequently the smallest step of the reel is at the base. In this arrangement of the parts the threading of the wire becomes extremely diflicult and could hardly be performed if it were desired to utilize both directions of running of the wire for reducing its diameter. Therefore this is not done, but a single reel comprising the six steps corresponding to the six stages of reduction is arranged on, one side of the drawplate instead of its steps being distributed on either side of the drawplate at the rate of three at the right and three at the left.

It is also most inconvenient that the upper bearing of the capstan shaft cannot hearranged above the cooling tank but this would unduly interfere with the threading of the wire. Its arrangement below the tank involves the necessity of providing packing means or a. sleeve for the capstan shaft. Apart from this inconvenience the diameter of the capstan shaft must be considerable to prevent vibration at its freeend. Another necessity why the capstan shaft must be made rather thick is that as mentioned above, all stages must be combined in a single reel.

Therefore, and in view of the large diameter of the'shaft and of the clearance required for the sleeve, the diameter of the smallest step becomes inconveniently large.

Referring now to Figs. 1 to 3 the drivingis thedra-wplate which is arranged intermediate the drums 1a, 1b and is reciprocated by the usual means (not shown). In the normal position of the reels the shafts 6a, 6b are vertical and are immersed in the cooling tank which is preferably filled with the cooling mediumonly to the extent of just coverin the upper steps of the reels 1a, 1b.

11 this arrangement all difiicult-ies connected with the introduction of the driving shaft from below through the bottom of the liquid tank 5 are eliminated and threading is greatly facilitated as compared with the old system referred to. My arrangement in volves the further advantage that both directions in which the wire is moving may be utilized for drawing and therefore the steps of the single reel in the old system can be distributed over two reels, 1a, lb as shown. Besides it is possible here without any difficulty to proceed in downward direction, that is, to arrange the smallest step of each reel at the top. As compared with the opposite arrangement of the old system, this involves the a vantage that the tangential velocity of the parts near the level of the liquid is comparatively small and splashing is eliminated.

The reels 141,112 are sup orted at one end only, as in the old machine, at as the steps of the process are distributed over twov reels, or ma' be distributed over any greater number o reels, as will be described further below, the load on the several shafts 6a, 67) is reduced to one-half or a still smaller fraction of'load on a single shaft. Besides the sleeve on the shaft is dispensed'with, eliminating the necessity of providing a clearance and of making the smallest step of the reel larger than required. Therefore with an arrangement as illustrated in .Figs. 1,. 2.

and 3 it is possible to greatly reduce the diameter of the reel as compared with that of the old system.

The threading of the wire is facilitated by removing the immersed-parts of the mechanism from the cooling liquid. This may be effected by displacing the mechanism with respect to the tank or by displacing the tank with respect to the mechanism. In the examples to be described hereinafter the mechanism is movable and the tank is stationary, but the converse arrangement will readily be apparent to any person skilled in the art.

As illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the'casing 8 is equipped. with a. handle 14 and a balance weight 15 by means of which its reels may be placed in any desired position from the vertical to the horizontal as shown in Fig. 3. It is obvious that any convenient position may be selected in which the parts are held for threading and it will be understood that threading is performed as readily as in a machine without a cooling tank.

The driving shaft 9 is arranged co-axially with respect to the hollow trunnions of the casing 8. Preferably the casing 8 constitutes a self-contained unit which protects the parts housed therein against access of impurities and quite particularly against splashes from the cooling liquid in the tank 5. The casing 8 may be provided with an oil-tight cover (not shown) and may be filled with oil, grease or other lubricant for the parts which are operating therein.

The balance weight 15 not only facilitates the manipulation of the casing 8, but also holds it in the position which has been imparted to it by the handle 14 so that it will not swing back with a jerk when the handle 14 is released by carelessness. lVhere a motor is provided on the casing, aswill be described, such motor may be so arranged as to serve as a balance weight.

- 16 is a casing which is integral with one f the trunnion bearings, 19 is a vertical shaft in the casing, 17 18 are bevel gears on the driving shaft 9 and the shaft 19, respectively, and 4 is a winding drum secured on the projecting end of the shaft 19. The casing 16 might also be connected with the casing 8 so as to partake in its rocking movement.

As mentioned above, any number of reels exceeding two may be arranged on a. common support or casing. For instance a set of reels may be distributed in a circle and the drawplates may be arranged in one or more rows in parallel to the axes of the reels. The wire after moving once round the circular set of reels is separated and threaded through the following die of the next row of draw-plates.

Such an arrangement is illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5. 20 and 21 are two of the reels which project downwardly from the casing 8, the casing being trunnioned on the tank 5 as described. The other reels in front and to the rear of the reels shown are arranged with their shafts on a circle, the centre of which coincides with the axis of the drivin shaft 22. 23 isa pinion on the

shaft

22, and 24 are spur gears on the shafts of the several reels which are meshing with the pinion 23. R0- tation imparted to the shaft 22 by a motor 26 which also serves as balance weight for the parts supported by the casing 8. Obviously a driving shaft in co-axial arrangement with respect to the trunnions of the casing might also be provided. as described with re terence to Figs. 1 to 3, but it is preferable to combine the balance weight with the motor. 3 are the draw-plates which are arranged A particularly simple and convenient solu tion of the problem in which a casing is arranged to rock about a pivot arranged independently of the tank. is illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7. Here the casing 8 with the reels 1a, 1b is secured to the end of a rocking frame 28 which is pivoted about a shaft 29 in uprights 30. With the pivot of therocking frame arranged independently of the tank 5 it is possible to move the

reels

1a and 16 from their vertical position into an inclined position, While still within the cooling liquid or the-tank 5. and also to lift the reels altogether from the tank. This involves several advantages, one of which is that any projections on the tank or at least on three of its sides, for holding the reels above the tank and for lifting and lowering the reels are eliminated so that any manipulations in connection with the cooling tank and the reels are not interfered with by such projections. This is very important as the operator is able to get access to the reels from outside. without any obstruction. i

- With this convenient arrangement it is not necessary to sacrifice any of the favorable features described with reference toa-ny of the previous figures. For instance a motor 26 may be arranged on the frame 28, preferably in such manner as to act as a balance weight.

a pulley 27 being provided on the driving shaft 9 for the reels.

The angle through which the axes of the reels 1a. 1b are displaced from the vertical is equal to the angle about which the frame 28 is rocked. Therefore'if it were desired to move the reels into horizontal position. it

' would be necessary to move the frame 28 into vertical position which would be inconvenient for considerations of space. Apart from this the invariable. relation of the inclination of the reels and the frame is undesirable for another reason, to wit, each inclination of the reels corresponds to a given elevation above the tank 5 and this may be inconvenient as stated. since considerable space must be available above the bencl overcome by providing means for rocking the casing 8 with respect to the frame 28. for which purpose it may be trunnioned in the frame 28 similarly as it is trunnioned on the tank 5 in Figs. 1 to 3. An arrangement of this type is not illustrated but will readily be understood by anybody skilled in the art. The

. These drawbacks are drive from the motor 26 is not interfered with by the pivotal arrangement of the casing 8 as the pulley 27 and the driving shaft .9 are co-axial with the trunnions about which the casing rocks.

- A lever-like handle 14 (Figs. 2 and may be provided for rocking the casing 8 about its trunnions, but it is also possible to provide automatic means for rocking the casing 8 in conformity with the rocking movement of the frame 28, for instance by pivoting a system of links and leversto one of the uprights 30 at one end and to the casing 8 at the other end. In this manner, by suitably selecting the leverage of the system, any suitable angular position of the reels may be combined with any inclination of the frame 28, for instance so as to invariably hold the reels in horizontal position for any inclination of the frame 28. In this manner it is alsopdssible to obtain, with inclinations of the frame '28 which do not extend beyond and need not even attain, the vertical position of the frame 28, positions of the reels 1a. 1?) above their horizontal position. A mechanism of the kind described has not been illustrated but will be readily understood by any person skilled in the art.

It may also be desirable to thread the wire at a station remote from the tank and to this end it is necessary that the frame should be displaced laterally. For instance the uprights 30 may be combined into a single central pillar in which a' bracket 31 (Fig. 6) may be pivoted about a vertical axis.

I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described for obvious modifications willoccur to a person skilled in the art.

1.. A Wire-drawing machine comprising a lubricant-containing tank, a. frame mounted to rock with respect to said tank, a main 'shaft journalled in said frame, means for rotating said main shaft, dies on said frame, a winding shaft operatively connected to said main shaft and journalled in said frame, means on said winding shaft for moving wire through said dies, said winding means being so positioned as to enter said tank in certain positions of said frame with respect to said tank, and means for rocking said frame so as to alternately dip 'said winding means into the lubricant in said tank, and to-extract it therefrom.

2. A wire-drawing machine comprising a 1lubricant-containing tank, a frame mounted -to rock with respect to said tank. a mam.

shaftjournalled in said frame, means for rotating said main shaft which are so arranged as to balance the weight of the other members mounted on said frame. dies on said frame. a winding shaft operatively connected to saidmain shaft and journalled in said fing wire through said dies, said winding means being so positioned. as to enter said tank in certain posltions of said frame with respectto said tank, and means for rocking said frame so as to alternately dip said winding means into the lubricant in said tank, and to extract it therefrom.

3. A wire-drawing machine comprising a lubricant-containing tank, a frame mounted to rock with respectto said tank, a main shaft journalled in said frame, driving means on said main shaft which are so arranged as to balance the weight of the other members mounted on said frame, dies on said fran1e,'a winding shaft operatively connected to said main shaft and journalled in said frame, means on said winding shaft for moving wire through said dies, said winding means being so positioned as to enter said tank in certain positions of said fran'ie with respect to said tank, and means for rocking said frame so as to alternately dip said winding means into the lubricant in said tank. and to extract it therefrom.

4. A wire-drawing machine comprising a lubricant-containing tank, a frame mounted to rock with respect to said tank, a main shaft journalledin said frame in co-axial relation to "the axis said frame is mounted to rock about, means for rotating said main shaft, dies on said frame, a winding shaft operatively connected to saidunain shaft and journalled in said frame, means on said winding shaft for moving wire through said dies, said winding means being so positioned as to enter said tank in certain positions of said frame with respect to. said tank, and means for rocking said frame so as to alternately dip said winding means into the lubricant in said tank, and to extract it there from.

5. A wire-drawing machine comprising a lubricant-containing tank, a frame mounted to rock with respect to said tank, a main shaft journalled in said frame, means (for rotating said main shaft, dies on said frame, a. winding shaft operatively connected to said main shaft and journalled in said frame transversely to said main shaft, means on said windin shaft for moving Wire through said dies, said winding means. being so positioned as to enter said tank in certain positions of said frame with respect to said tank, and means for rocking said frame so as to alternately dip said winding means into the lubricant in said tank, and to extract it therefrom.

6. A wire-drawing machine comprising a lubricant-containing tank, a frame mounted to rock with respect to said tank, a main shaft journalled in said frame, means for rotating said main shaft, dies on said frame, a winding shaft operatively connected to said main shaft and journalled in said frame at right an les to said main shaft, means on said win ing shaft for moving wire through said dies, said winding means being so positioned as to enter said tank in certain positions of said frame with respect to said tank, and means for rocking said frame so as to alternately dip said winding means into the lubricant in said tank, and to extract it therefrom.

7. A wire drawing machine comprising a lubricant-containing tank, a pivot fixed outside said tank, a frame mounted to rock about said pivot with respect to said tank, a main shaft journalled at one end of said frame, means for rotating said main shaft arranged at the other end of said frame, dies on said frame, a winding shaft operatively connected to said main shaft and journalled in said frame at the end where said mainshaft is positioned, means on said winding shaft for moving Wire through said dies, said winding means being so positioned as to enter said tank in certain positions of said frame with respect to said tank, and means for rocking said frame so as to alternately dip said winding means into the lubricant in said tank, and to extract it therefrom.

8. A wire-drawing machine comprising a lubricant-containing tank, a frame mounted to rock with respect to said tank, a main shaft journalled in said frame, driving means on said main shaft which are so arranged as to balance the weight of the other members mounted on said frame, dies on said frame, a winding shaft operatively connected and extending in parallel to, said main shaft and journalled in said frame, means on said winding shaft for moving wire through said dies, said winding means being so positioned as to enter said tank in certain positions of said frame. with respect to said tank, and means for rocking said frame so as to alternately dip said winding means into the lubricant in said tank, and to extract it therefrom.

9. A wire-drawing machine comprising a lubricant-containing tank, a casing mounted to rock with respect to said tank, a main shaft journalled in said casing, means for rotating said main shaft, dies on said casing, a winding shaft operatively connected to said main shaft and journalled in said cas- J OHANNES FRIEDR. .DIEHL.