US1860581A - Fuel pump - Google Patents

Description

May 31, 1932. H. HUEBER 1,860,531

- FUEL PUMP Filed July 2, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 H. HUEBER FUEL PUMP Filed July 2. 19:50

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May 31, 1932.

Patented May 31, 1932- I UNITED STA TES,

PATENT. OFFICE HENRY HUEBER, OF BUFFALO, New YORK, ASSIGNOR- so @3100 rnonucrs coarom- Y TION, or BUFFALO, new YORK v FUEL rum Application filed July 2,

Thi'sinvention relates to the art of feeding fuel to internal combustion engines and especially to those of motor vehicles- It is primarily directed to the transfer of fuel from the supply tank, which is usually located at the rear of the motor vehicle, to the carburetor or other chamber located at a relatively higher level.

Various types of devices have been utilized for effecting this transfer of fuel, the present invention particularly relating to the pump type of transfer wherein there is provided in the fuel line between the supply tank and the carburetor a pump. This pump is usually operated from a moving part of the engine and therefore the output of the pump varies in accordance with the speed of the engine. Heretofore it has been difficult to control-theoutput so as not to exceed the demand made by the carburetor for fuel while at the same time assuring a sufficient supply therefor.

The present invention aims to provide a pump which will insure the proper delivery of fuelto the carburetor in accordance with the demand. and not inexcess thereto, therebyavoidmg 1n ury to the fuel feed system through excessive pressures and doing away with the necessity of a special or complicated system. v

The invention will further be found to reside'in the features of construction and their arrangements and combinations of parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed, I

reference being had to the accompanying drawings wherein 1 Fig. 1 is a more or less diagrammatic showing of a motor vehicle power plant of the internal combustion type depicting the general location, and embodiment of the improved 'fuel transfer. v

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the improved pump as mounted on the crank case of the engine, a portion of the latter being depicted therein.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view through the pump.

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view showing more a particularly the port arrangement of the pump.

Fig. 5 is an end elevation of the pump.

1930. Serial NO. 465,419.

Y Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of the ported piston.

Referring more part-icularlyto the drawings the numeral 1 designates the engine having a carburetor 2 which is connected to the supply tank 3, located usually at the rear of reciprocat-ed from the engine cam shaft 13 the cam 14 of which is operable within a yoke 15 in turn connected to the piston rod so that as the cam rotates the yoke will be moved back and forth so as to impart reciprocationto the piston rod.

To avoid leakage of any fuel from the chamber 6 along the rod 8 I provide a packing pressure chamber 17 in which slidably fits a plunger part 18 carried by the rod 8 and serving to compress any fluid which may be in advance of the plunger part at the inner side thereof so as to resist and counteract .any tendency on the part of the fuel entering the crank case along the piston rod. The inner end of the chamber 18 may be provided with an inwardly opening check valve 19 whereby upon the outward movement of the plunger part 18 a fresh supply of fluid may be ward stroke of the piston rod. The plunger 18 does not have a fluid tight fit but is adapted to permit the escape of liquid from the chamber under predetermined restriction. I

To maintain the yoke 15 in proper position it may be guided in a slot 20 in the outer wall portion of the chamber 17. p

The cylinder or chamber 6 is provided with an inlet port 21 and an outlet port 22 both opening through the side wall of the chamber at points intermediate the limits of movement of the piston. Thus, the piston will pass over the ports and serve as valve means therefor. The valving action of the piston with respect to the inlet port is to uncover the inlet port at each limit of its movement to permit a charge of fluid being taken into the chamber behind the piston and then on the return stroke to cover said port so as to close the same against the return of the fluid and trap the intaken fuel for subsequent delivery. In order to shorten the required stroke of the piston the inlet port 21 may enter the piston chamber at spaced points, such as is indicated at 21 and 21".

The intaken fluid is compressed or placed under pressure asthe piston advances until the delivery or outlet port 22 has been opened for the escape of such compressed fluid. The piston, in controlling the outlet port, is provided with a pair of passages 23 and 24 each opening through a respective end thereof and also through the periphery of the piston by means of radial passages being relatively spaced in an axial direction and adapted to alternately register with the outlet port 22 as the piston approaches and reaches the opposite limits of its travel. fluid 'in advance of the moving piston will be placed under compression until the proper one of the ports 23 -and 24 comes into registry with the outlet port whereupon the fluid so held under compression will escape through the piston port and the delivery port.

At the same time that the fuel is being delivered by the pump afresh charge is being intaken at the rear side of the piston by reason of the uncovering of the inlet port'so that as the. piston begins its return movementthe intaken charge will be placed under pressure until the companion piston port comes into registry with the outlet port 22 whereupon such 0 charge taken in at the opposite side of the piston. Therefore the pump is of the double acting type delivering one charge andtaking in another charge on each stroke of the piston.

' Since the liquid fuel is practically non-" compressible it is desired to provide a pressure reservoir into which the liquid fuel may be forced by the advancing piston against a yielding wall or resistance. In the present showing two independent reservoirs 25 and 26 are provided one foreach end of the piston chamber, these reservoirs being substantially air-tight and having communication at one end with the adjacent end of the chamber 6. This will insure of a column of air being trapped within the reservoir, to be compressed under the action of thetrapped fuel,

so that when, the piston, port is in registry with the delivery or outlet, port, such compressed air within the reservoir will serve forcibly to expel the fuel from the piston chamber; The reservoirs may be connected in a suitable manner, that herein illustrated being by threading the same into sockets or openings 6".

Consequently, the

arge will be expelled and a fresh In the operation of the pump the piston 17, which is devoid of special packing, is reciprocated within the chamber 6, the latter being maintained cool by the fins 27 on the outer wall thereof. Now, assumin that the piston is advancing to the left, the uel in advance of the piston is driven into the reservoir 25 until the port 24: comes into re istry with the delivery port 22 whereupon the trapped gases within the reservoir 25 will forcethe fuel out through the piston port and the outlet port and into the fuel line section 4' toward the carburetor. \Vhile the port 24' is in registry with the outlet port the inlet port 21 will be uncovered and a fresh charge of fuel will be intaken atthe then rear side of the piston, aided more or less by the reduced pressure set up in the chamber. Upon the return stroke the piston will close the inlet port 21", as well as the outlet port 22, and force the liquid fuel in advance thereof into the reservoir 26 until the piston port 23' is brought into registry with the outlet port 22 whereupon the trapped fluid will be released for delivery to the carburetor. In this position of the piston the inlet port 21' is open for the intaking of a fresh charge of fuel, and the ;,cycle of operations is again repeated.

So, there is provided a pump requiring no special packing, utilizing no, separate or independentvalves, and one wherein the piston serves the added function of valve means for the ports. The action of the piston is not only to expel the fluid from in advance thereof but also to reduce the pressure at the rear side thereof and thereby insure a rapid intaking action when the inlet port is uncovered.

In the event that the carburetor demand is being more than satisfied by the pump, excessive pressure in the fuel line section 4' is prevented from building up by reason of any slight increase in pressure which will counteractthe pressure in the reservoirs 25,

'1. A fuel pump for motor vehicles, com-- prising a chamber having inlet and outlet portsln its side walls, and'a piston reciprocable within the chamber and controlling the ports, said piston having a partmovable across the inlet'port to close the'same when the piston is intermediate its limits of move.-

ment and acting to uncover the inlet port at each limit of movement to intake a charge of fluid, said piston having spaced delivery passages alternately communicable with the outlet port and one passage opening into the chamber through one end of the piston and the other passage opening into the chamber through the opposite end of the piston, whereby said piston will intake at the rear side and deliver at the advance side on each stroke. v

2. A fuel pump for motor vehicles, comprising-a chamber having inlet and outlet ports in its side walls, a piston reciprocable within the chamber and controlling the ports, said piston having a part movable across the inlet port to close the same when the piston is intermediate its limits of movement and uncovering the inlet port at each limit of movement to intake a charge of fluid, said piston having spaced delivery passages alternately communicable with the outlet port and one passage opening into the chamber I through one end of the piston and the ,other passage opening into the chamber through the opposite end of the piston, whereby said piston will intake at the rear side and deliver at the advance side on each stroke, and means at each end of the chamber for receiving the fuel under pressure between the intake and the delivery of a charge of fuel.

3. A fuel pump for motor vehicles, comprising a chamber having inlet and outlet ports in its side walls, a'piston reciprocable within the chamber and controlling the ports, said piston having a part movable across the inlet port to close the same when the piston is intermediate its limits of movement and acting to uncover the inlet port at each limit of movement to intake a charge of fluid, said piston having spaced delivery passages alternately communicable with the outlet port and one passage opening into the chamber through one end of the piston and the other passage opening into the chamber through the opposite end of the piston, whereby said piston will intake at the rear side and deliver at the advance side on each stroke, said chamber having end openings, and reservoirs connected to the end openings.

4. In combination with the crank case of a motor vehicle engine having a movable element therein, a cylinder having a closed inner end, a piston reciprocable in the cylinder and having a piston rod extending through the closed end of the cylinder into engagement with the movable element for reciprocation thereby, a chamber within the crank-case closed at its outer end and opening into the crank case, a plunger portion on the rod for operation in the chamber, and a check valve at the outer end of the chamber for admitting fluid from the crank case upon inward movement of the rod and plunger portion, the fluid in the chamber being compressed when fluid between the piston and inner end of the cylinder is un compressed.

5. A fuel pump for vehicles, comprising a cylinder having an inlet port and an outlet port, each end of the cylinder being provided with an opening, a fluid reservoir for each end of the cylinder secured over the opening therein and having communication with the interior thereof, a piston reciprocable in the cylinder between the ends thereof, said piston having means movable therewith for closing communication between the inlet port and the end of the cylinder on the advance side-thereof at the beginning of each stroke and, after pressure has been placed upon the inlet fluid by subsequent movement of the piston during the stroke, to open the outlet port, whereby fluid ineach reservoir may be compressed by movement of the piston toward the end of the cylinder adjacent the reservoir and may expel fluid through the outlet port upon opening of the latter.

6. In a pump, a cylinder, a fluid inlet passage and a fluid outlet passage, each of said passages communicating through the walls of the cylinder into the chamber thereof, a piston reciprocable within the chamber between the ends thereof and controlling the passages, said piston closing communication through the inlet and outlet passage during medial phases of its movement and in each of its limit positions opening communication between the inlet passage and the chamber between the piston and the distant end of the cylinder and between the outlet passages and the chamber between the piston and the adjacent end of the cylinder, whereby when the piston is moved to each of its limit positions fluid will be drawn into the chamber between the piston and the distant end of the cylinder and will be expelled from the chamber between the piston and the adj acent end of the cylinder.

HENRY HUEBER.

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