US1859876A - Valve for fluid actuated hammers - Google Patents

Description

May 24, v PUE KopLlN VALVE FOR FLUID ACTUATED HAMMERS Filed June 18, 1930 n n INVENTOR.

Pete Ehio/viii@ H [15 A TTORNEY.

Patented VMay 24, 1932 UN1TfEnL-sra-s PETER r. KOPLIN, OEEASTON,v PENNsYLvANIA, AssIGivon To 'mefEBsoLL-nnnn ooit,

PANY, oFYJERsEY onrv,` NEW JERSEY,- A` oonr'onA'rIoNoF NEW JERSEY VALVE Fon nrnrn 'ACT-unfrei) HAMMERS Application filed rune 1s,

One object of the invention is to insure` 5 the immediate admission'of pressure fluid to p aetuatethe hammer upon the slightest effort` being applied by the operator. i AnotherV object of the inventionl is to keep the hammer in motion whilenot delivering l@ blows and obtain aquickV responseV to the admissionof pressure fiuid whe-n the delivery` of blows is required.

Other objects will be in-part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter. f

In the drawings illustrating the invention and in which similar reference .characters refer to similar parts, Y'

Figure l is a side elevation "of ay fluid actuated hammer embodying the invention, and Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectionalV view,

of the improved valve mechanism.

Referring Vmore particularly to the draw.

ings, A designates the base of the .powerV hammer having a cross head B secured thereL ed by a cylinder head D. At the lowerend of the base A is the usual anvil member E, and positioned there-over is a (member intended to be actuated, fas for example, a die block F which may be secured to a connecting A rod G carried by a reciprocatory piston H in the cylinder C. Y i l VInorder to control the 'admission of pressurepfluid to both ends ofthe. cylinder C there is provided the ,u'sualslide valve (not 'Y shown) in a casing J.. An exhaustfor-the valve inthe casing 'J bylmeans ofthe port w:

This invention more particularly contemplates the provision ofy a throttle valve ,mechf anism through whichlthe pressure fluidA from a `suitable source (not shown). may .be admittedfto operate the. slide valve. VIt willibe' readily seen'that the foregoing vConstruction isa usual one. forfluid actuated hammers and it will be understood that the invention may be applied to many othertypes. w Y y The throttle valve v.mechanism comprises Aa body portion K having an outlet passagejL Y 5U' through whichpressurefluid'may.pass to the v closes the otherend forming v shapedeo'ntour. One of theends of the valve to carrying the cylinder C which is surmount-.QV

1930. Serial'NmfllGL-SGO.

Slide Valve in the ,.C'sne J AcylindricalVl valve chest O havingV rpair of annular grooves around its periphery with a series of .ports P ln-each grooveis enclosed within thebody portion K .with the portsP income, municatio-niwith the passage A pair ofl smaller `annulargrooves .Iv/connects each series of ports around the inside of the valve chestO. An end cap Q encloses one end .ofv the valve chest O and a support member R ene achamber Sin the cylindrical valve chestO. Slidably positioned :within the chamber S' Y is a hollowV cylindrical valve T having a plurality ofV ports U through its sidewhich are adapted to communicatev with the ports P in the ychest O. 1The ports U are of a substan-'f tially Vrectangular form having one of the 'Y longer Vsides V formed with,V preferably a Vf T is open and has-a cone shaped end VVWhile` at the other end is a wallX- which hasa plurality .of .orifices Y therethrough forming passagesalong which pressure fluid may pass.

Also extendingthrough` thefwall Xlof the 76,"

lvalve is a stemZ having a threaded end b' and a'nutc thereon to Clamp the' valve securely against the shoulderv formed by the reducedl end of the stem Z. A,A key 2 may bevused be- A tweenthe reduced'end andthe valve ,tol pre-- vent rotationof the valve on the stem. l,

',In'orderto prevent the escape of pressure iiuidalong the stem Z the end capQisproy videdwithan enlarged `boreal into whichisf' i inserted packing held in position by the pack# cylinder is providedat `the lower end of .theV jmg g an 'e Vsupport member through the gland 7i is preferably threaded lock-nuts 20V may bepa Y l Y tends to a passage gl in the support member R. The valve stem'4 Z is supported atthe end projecting from the end cap Q, by the Uf shaped support 0A forming Va part ofthe casing J. Intermediate the support laand` the packing nut e andy flxedly secured to the valve stemZ-is a rack g.-. j Y j In order to reciprocate the valve T back and forth in the chamber'S-bymanual' means, there is provideda (gear r meshing with the rack g and' operate havingjat one end a redit connected tofa foot treadle u. At theother end of thel'ever' s and proj'actingY fromthecross head: Bis an adjusting bolt 3- heldE inthe desired positioninthe cross headv B by the lock nut ll. The lever 8 mayrest at' this end upon thebolt 3 whichv may be" adjusted up anddiowninthe cross head B and thus move the lever s, and therefore the valve'T through the gea-r 1" and rack Q, to normally position the valve Withits'` ports AU in any desired position until vpressure is applied; to the treadle u to manually move it. The'foot treadle u is pivot'ed-'a't oneV 1 end: and has a spring/v to return the lever 3f to position with its-end resting en thebolt 3' When-pressure is removed from the treadle'u--` Tn the operation of the'deviee, pressure fluid?, such aslsteani, is admitted! from' al suitablesourcefnot' shown)E through the* pipe and4 into the valve chamber S. Tlie valve' T in the chamber Sis normally positioned by adjusting the bolt 3 against thelever @so that the portsrU thereinfslig'htly uncover the portsv Pin the valvechest O permittinga slight admissionI of pressure fluidY into-the' cylinder C' to'lr'e'ep the piston H reciprocating back andV This-4 position of the valve preferably leaves a clearanceispaee 5 Yin the' 'chamber beyond the vvallX of the valve The forth slightly.

small ain-cunt ofpressure fluid admitted'rby this means is just enough to= permit slight movement-,of tlievpiston and the Vdie block F but not enough tol allovv the delivery-of a blow- It will readily be seen that theV novel shape of the ports U in the valve T facilitate this adjustment ofr the hammer. The V- shaped side of thev ports'U permits` af fairly large portion of the portsP in the valve chest OA tobe uncovered althoughA the actual area may1 notbe any more than that uncoveredby a hairline opening if the sides Were straight o instead. ofV-shaped.V Should the valve suffer 1 a sudden jar and move slightly as may readi ily'occur in a power hammer,lthe ports P in the valve chest O'vould still remain uncovered in the case of the V-sh'aped construction,V

but would not remain open Were the sides made stra-ight.

`Due `to the orilicesYintlie wall? of the by' means of a lever sY side of the* Wall X and the pressure" of the entering Huid does not act against only one v side as has beenthe case in prior types of fluid' actuated hammers. p. f i

This construction overcomes 'one lof thev mainA drawbacks` of prior artv structures wherein pressure Huid was admitted `to the chamber S by the operation of an ordinary poppet valve. When, in this latterconstruction, any manual pressure"was-fa'ppliedtoE the treadflel a, it was necessary' to apply suliicient force to overcome the'pressureof the fluid acting against the head of the' poppet valve before said Huid could be admitted into the chamber Si'. This condition Was also aggravated by the factv that in order to obtain a good Volume of pressure fluid in the cha-mber S, thehead of the poppet valve-wasusually' madeL of large diameter thus presentingV a. considerable surface to be actedV against' by the pressure fluid. Y In the presentconstruction,v upon pressure being appliedl tothe treadle a, thevalve T movesin-the chamber S and the ports I uncover the outlet ports in the chest O' thus admitting a full supply ofpressure luid to the outlet passage L to actuate` thepist-onl K It Will be seen that, owingto-thevalve TV being hollow, pressure fluidlis admitted therein -and a largey Volume cf'fluid-y is present at all times directly adjacent the outlet passage L. Thei rate of admission of this pressure fluidy iseontrolled in part by the Vsha-ped contour V of the ports U which function to uncover gradually, instead 'of abruptly,l the inlet ports P in the valve chest O',V

From` theforegoing, it Willl be apparent that an improved type ofvalvehas beenV devis'edl whereby the slightest ymanuall pressure applied to actuate it willi be immediately responded to,1thus relievingthe operator from thestr'ain to Which he was subject Whenunder the necessity of overcoming the pressure ap'- plied by the ii'uid'V to4 the valve. In accomroo plis/hing this' imprwementv it will also' be apparent that a simple and eeonomi'caldevice Vpressure fluid to said'hammer, ,including a hollow' valve having relatively Wide ports therein of substantially V-shapedv contour' at one side and-having passages along which said fluid may pass,fand aval-ve chest sur-y rounding the valve havingopenings :therein cooperating with the-ports to forni" air-ela'- tivelywide passage of small area for pres-v surevfluid, said chest extending beyond the ends ofthe valve to formA pressure chambers in communication with one another by the passages and `passing' pressure fluid from one to the other to equalize the pressure at each end of the valve. Y

2. Ina fluid actuated hammer, a throttle valve mechanism for controlling the flow of pressure fluid to said hammer, including a hollow valve having relatively wide ports l' therein of substantially V-shaped contour at one side, a valve chest surrounding the valve having openings therein cooperating with thepports to form a relatively wide passage of small area for pressure fluid, and means to adjust the valve in the valve chest to cony stantlyv pass a small amount of pressure fluid therethrough to actuate the hammer between delivery of blows.

3. In a fluid actuated hammer, a throttle valve mechanism for controlling the flow of pressure fluid to said hammer, including a hollow valve having relatively wide ports therein of substantially V-shaped contour at one side andhaving passages along which said 4luid may pass, a valve chest surrounding the valve having openings therein cooperating with the ports to form a rela.-

tively wide passage of small area Jfor pressure uid, saidchest extending beyond the ends of the valve to form pressure chambers in communicationk with one another by the passages and passing pressure fluid from one to the other to equalize the pressure at each end of the valve, means to adjust the valve in the valve chest to constantly pass a small amount of pressure fluid therethrough to actuate the hammer between delivery of blows, and manually operable means to move the valve in the valve chest so that thevalve ports will overlap to an increased extent the openings in the valve` chestto permit theV pressure Huid to actuate thehammer for de-I livery of blows.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

PETER F. KoPLiN.

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