US1856701A - Electrical fuse for high or low voltage - Google Patents

Electrical fuse for high or low voltage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US1856701A
US1856701A US141995A US14199526A US1856701A US 1856701 A US1856701 A US 1856701A US 141995 A US141995 A US 141995A US 14199526 A US14199526 A US 14199526A US 1856701 A US1856701 A US 1856701A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
fuse
mixture
aluminium
combustible
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US141995A
Inventor
Gerdien Hans
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CBS Corp
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co filed Critical Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1856701A publication Critical patent/US1856701A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02Details
    • H01H85/04Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055Fusible members

Definitions

  • My invention relates to an electrical fuse and particularly to fuses of the high voltage type.
  • My improved fuse consists essentially of a fuse element, wire or strip, having a comtible material, such as aluminium or magnesium.
  • the combustible material is ignited.
  • the heat thus set free destroys the fuse element and the circuit is opened. It has, furthermore, been found that it is particularly advantageous to use a combustible mixture with an excess of oxygen so that the fuse element is completely oxidized.
  • Fig. 1 is a view, partly in section and part ly in elevation, of a fuse embodying my invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of a fuse embodying a particular form of my invention.
  • a fuse wire or strip preferably consisting of a metal which forms a non-conducting oxide, for instance, aluminium, is mounted in an insulating tube 2 and forms an electrical circuit with terminals 3 that are provided on the ends of the insulating tube 2.
  • the terminals 3 are in the form of caps and are provided with apertures forming outlets from within the tube 2.
  • the tube 2 is located within an insulating tube 4 of explosion-proof material. This tube has its ends completely enclosed by caps 5, through which sealed leading-in wires extend within the tube 4.
  • the inner tube 2 is filled with a combustible mixture 6, such as nitrate of barium, magnesium and aluminium powder.
  • the device functions in the following manner: If the temperature of the fuse wire 1 exceeds a predetermined value due to an overload condition in the circuit the combustible mixture in the tube 2 is ignited, burns very quickly and thus fuses or melts the wire 1.
  • the combustible mixture should therefore preferably possess a high heat of combustion. Due to the excess of oxygen in the combustiblemixture the fuse wire is also burned and forms a non-conducting oxide.
  • a considerable pressure is set up within the tube 4 which suppresses or prevents the striking of may be interposed at a suitable place within the fuse-element which transmits the ignition to the combustible material.
  • a mixture of potassium chlorate, sugar and magnesium powder may be employed. Such a mixture was found to ignite at about 200 C.
  • substances with a high content of oxygen may be placed in the tube 2 or the tube 4.
  • Particularly suitable for the purpose are substances which liberate oxygen with difficulty and which after the reduction form a non-conducting material, for instance sulphate of barium.
  • FIG. 2 A construction which is particularly suitable for opening high-voltage circuits is shown in Fig. 2. It consists of a metal tube 7 of aluminium or magnesium which is slotted in its middle portion at 11 for the purpose of reducing the conducting cross-section. At this place the tube is filled with an easily inflammable mixture 12 such as potassium chlorate, magnesium and aluminium powder; At both sides of this filling there is provided in the tube the before mentioned combustible mixture 6 comprising n1- trate of barium, magnesium and aluminium powder. The ends of the tube 7 are secured in the terminals 8 of the circuit which pass through the caps 9 completely enclosing the ends of the insulating tube 10.
  • an easily inflammable mixture 12 such as potassium chlorate, magnesium and aluminium powder
  • This fuse operates in the following manner: As soon as the temperature of the central portion of the fuse tube 7 exceeds the ignition temperature of the mixture contained in this portion, the mixture is ignited and initiates the combustion of tlie filling of the tube 7. The tube 7 is thereby fused or oxidized, the fuse blows and the circuit is opened. Here also the striking of an are between the terminals of the circuit is prevented by the high pressure developed within the tube during the blowing of the fuse. Sulphate of barium may be provided in the tube 10 for fixing the metallic va ors.
  • the fuse according to my invention 1s particularly suitable for opening circuits carrying lar e currents at high voltages, because the striiing of an arc is suppressed and the metallic vapors developed are burned into non-conducting oxides.
  • a tubular metallic fusible element In an electric fuse, a tubular metallic fusible element, and a combustible material containing oxygen in excess within the tubular element.
  • a tubular fusible conducting element in combination, a tubular fusible conducting element, a mixture of nitrate of barium, aluminium and magnesium powder within the element and a mixture of potassium chlorate, sugar and aluminium powder located at a place of said element of reduced cross-section.
  • a fusible current carrying tube consisting of metal the oxide of which is a non-conductor, and a combustible material within the tube.
  • a tubular fusible conducting element In an electric fuse, a tubular fusible conducting element, a combustible material within the said tubular element, and a gas-tight explosion-proof tube enclosing said element.

Landscapes

  • Fuses (AREA)

Description

y 1932- H. GERDIEN 1,856,701
ELECTRICAL FUSE FOR HIGH OR LOW VOLTAGE Filed Oct. 16, 1926 E E WITNESSES: 1
INVENTOR ggg zw fians Gerd/en Patented May 3, 1932 HANS G-ECRDIEN, OF BERLIN-GRUNEWALD, F GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA ELECLRICAL FUSE FOR HIGH OR LOW VOLTAGE Application filed October 16, 1926, Serial No. 141,995, and in Germany October 16, 1925.
My invention relates to an electrical fuse and particularly to fuses of the high voltage type.
My improved fuse consists essentially of a fuse element, wire or strip, having a comtible material, such as aluminium or magnesium.
If the temperature of the fuse element exceeds a predetermined value due to an overload, the combustible material is ignited. The heat thus set free destroys the fuse element and the circuit is opened. It has, furthermore, been found that it is particularly advantageous to use a combustible mixture with an excess of oxygen so that the fuse element is completely oxidized.
In the drawings affixed hereto the structure of my invention is illustrated wherein:
Fig. 1 is a view, partly in section and part ly in elevation, of a fuse embodying my invention.
Fig. 2 is a view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of a fuse embodying a particular form of my invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, a fuse wire or strip, preferably consisting of a metal which forms a non-conducting oxide, for instance, aluminium, is mounted in an insulating tube 2 and forms an electrical circuit with terminals 3 that are provided on the ends of the insulating tube 2.
The terminals 3 are in the form of caps and are provided with apertures forming outlets from within the tube 2. The tube 2 is located within an insulating tube 4 of explosion-proof material. This tube has its ends completely enclosed by caps 5, through which sealed leading-in wires extend within the tube 4. The inner tube 2 is filled with a combustible mixture 6, such as nitrate of barium, magnesium and aluminium powder.
The device functions in the following manner: If the temperature of the fuse wire 1 exceeds a predetermined value due to an overload condition in the circuit the combustible mixture in the tube 2 is ignited, burns very quickly and thus fuses or melts the wire 1. The combustible mixture should therefore preferably possess a high heat of combustion. Due to the excess of oxygen in the combustiblemixture the fuse wire is also burned and forms a non-conducting oxide. By the combustion of the mixture in the tube 2 a considerable pressure is set up within the tube 4 which suppresses or prevents the striking of may be interposed at a suitable place within the fuse-element which transmits the ignition to the combustible material. For this purpose a mixture of potassium chlorate, sugar and magnesium powder may be employed. Such a mixture was found to ignite at about 200 C.
In order to oxidize the metallic Vapors which are generated in the tube 2 during the combustion, substances with a high content of oxygen may be placed in the tube 2 or the tube 4. Particularly suitable for the purpose are substances which liberate oxygen with difficulty and which after the reduction form a non-conducting material, for instance sulphate of barium.
A construction which is particularly suitable for opening high-voltage circuits is shown in Fig. 2. It consists of a metal tube 7 of aluminium or magnesium which is slotted in its middle portion at 11 for the purpose of reducing the conducting cross-section. At this place the tube is filled with an easily inflammable mixture 12 such as potassium chlorate, magnesium and aluminium powder; At both sides of this filling there is provided in the tube the before mentioned combustible mixture 6 comprising n1- trate of barium, magnesium and aluminium powder. The ends of the tube 7 are secured in the terminals 8 of the circuit which pass through the caps 9 completely enclosing the ends of the insulating tube 10.
This fuse operates in the following manner: As soon as the temperature of the central portion of the fuse tube 7 exceeds the ignition temperature of the mixture contained in this portion, the mixture is ignited and initiates the combustion of tlie filling of the tube 7. The tube 7 is thereby fused or oxidized, the fuse blows and the circuit is opened. Here also the striking of an are between the terminals of the circuit is prevented by the high pressure developed within the tube during the blowing of the fuse. Sulphate of barium may be provided in the tube 10 for fixing the metallic va ors.
The fuse according to my invention 1s particularly suitable for opening circuits carrying lar e currents at high voltages, because the striiing of an arc is suppressed and the metallic vapors developed are burned into non-conducting oxides.
Various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention, and I desire, therefore, that only such lirnitations'shall be placed thereon as are imposed by the prior art.
I claim as my invention 1. In an electric fuse, a tubular metallic fusible element, and a combustible material containing oxygen in excess within the tubular element.
2. In an electric fuse, a tubular fusible current carrying element and a mixture of nitrate of barium, aluminium and magnesium powder within the element.
3. In an electric fuse, in combination, a tubular fusible current carrying element, a mixture of nitrate of barium, aluminium and magnesium powder within the element and a mixture of potassium chlorate, sugar and aluminium powder located at one place of said element.
4. In an electric fuse, in combination, a tubular fusible conducting element, a mixture of nitrate of barium, aluminium and magnesium powder within the element and a mixture of potassium chlorate, sugar and aluminium powder located at a place of said element of reduced cross-section.
5. In an electric fuse, a fusible current carrying tube consisting of metal the oxide of which is a non-conductor, and a combustible material within the tube.
6. In an electric fuse, a tubular fusible conducting element, a combustible material within the said tubular element, and a gas-tight explosion-proof tube enclosing said element. In an electric fuse, in combination, a gas-tight, explosion-proof tubular case and a fusible current carrying aluminium tube filled with a combustible and easily inflammable material located in said case.
8. In an electric fuse, in combination, a
gas-tight, explosion-proof tubular case and an aluminium tube filled with a combustible and easily inflammablematerial with slots at about the middle, located in said case.
9. In an electric fuse, in combination, a gas-tight explosionroof tubular case and an aluminium tube at about the middle, located in said case containing a material rich in oxygen.
10. In an electric fuse, in combination, a metal tube containing a combustible mixture and slotted at about its middle where an easily inflammable material is located, terminals at both ends of said tube, and an outer gas-tight, explosion-proof tube enclosing said lnner tube.
lled with a combustible and easily inflammable material with slots 11. The combination in an electric fuse, of I a fuse element havlng a reduced section, 9.1
US141995A 1925-10-16 1926-10-16 Electrical fuse for high or low voltage Expired - Lifetime US1856701A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1856701X 1925-10-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1856701A true US1856701A (en) 1932-05-03

Family

ID=7746261

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US141995A Expired - Lifetime US1856701A (en) 1925-10-16 1926-10-16 Electrical fuse for high or low voltage

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US1856701A (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2798921A (en) * 1955-12-29 1957-07-09 John W Haas Thermally controlled safety switch
US2892062A (en) * 1955-01-15 1959-06-23 Calor Emag Arrangement for interrupting electric currents by means of explosive material
US3275772A (en) * 1964-12-23 1966-09-27 Devices Inc Clear barrel cartridge fuse
US3611238A (en) * 1970-07-28 1971-10-05 Chase Shawmut Co High-voltage fuse having high speed ratio
FR2088316A1 (en) * 1970-05-04 1972-01-07 Knudsen Nordisk Elect
US3735315A (en) * 1971-10-15 1973-05-22 Stanger & Co Ltd Fuse links for dropout expulsion fuses
US4342978A (en) * 1979-03-19 1982-08-03 S&C Electric Company Explosively-actuated switch and current limiting, high voltage fuse using same

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2892062A (en) * 1955-01-15 1959-06-23 Calor Emag Arrangement for interrupting electric currents by means of explosive material
US2798921A (en) * 1955-12-29 1957-07-09 John W Haas Thermally controlled safety switch
US3275772A (en) * 1964-12-23 1966-09-27 Devices Inc Clear barrel cartridge fuse
FR2088316A1 (en) * 1970-05-04 1972-01-07 Knudsen Nordisk Elect
US3662310A (en) * 1970-05-04 1972-05-09 Knudsen Nordisk Elect Sand-filled electric fuses
US3611238A (en) * 1970-07-28 1971-10-05 Chase Shawmut Co High-voltage fuse having high speed ratio
US3735315A (en) * 1971-10-15 1973-05-22 Stanger & Co Ltd Fuse links for dropout expulsion fuses
US4342978A (en) * 1979-03-19 1982-08-03 S&C Electric Company Explosively-actuated switch and current limiting, high voltage fuse using same

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3261950A (en) Time-lag fuses having high thermal efficiency
US4388603A (en) Current limiting fuse
US1856701A (en) Electrical fuse for high or low voltage
US3437971A (en) Current limiting fuse
US3227844A (en) Fuse with hydrated arc extinguishing material
KR910003658B1 (en) Fuse for high-voltage circuit
US3840836A (en) Current limiting sand fuse
US2337504A (en) Current limiting fuse
US4731600A (en) Fuse
US2239390A (en) Fuse
US2543245A (en) Fuse construction
US2494917A (en) Fuse lead for electric lamps
US4283700A (en) Double tubular time-lag fuse having improved breaking capacity
US4358747A (en) Current-limiting fuse with improved means for interrupting low overcurrents
US3603909A (en) Multi-fuse-link high-voltage fuse having a link-supporting mandrel and means for equalizing the interrupting duty of the fuse links
US1944762A (en) Expulsion fuse
US1867924A (en) Fuse
US4313099A (en) Current limiting fuse having aluminum sulfate arc-quenching filler
US856292A (en) Safety-fuse.
US2358676A (en) Fusible electric circuit protector
US3969694A (en) Electric fuse for elevated circuit voltages capable of interrupting small overload currents
US1288724A (en) Electric safety-fuse.
US3893056A (en) Fuse device
US2109850A (en) High tension fuse with high rupturing power
US620309A (en) William s