US1849622A - Dialyzer frame - Google Patents

Dialyzer frame Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US1849622A
US1849622A US285169A US28516928A US1849622A US 1849622 A US1849622 A US 1849622A US 285169 A US285169 A US 285169A US 28516928 A US28516928 A US 28516928A US 1849622 A US1849622 A US 1849622A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
blades
chamber
liquid
frame
chambers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US285169A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Heibig Edouard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1849622A publication Critical patent/US1849622A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/24—Dialysis ; Membrane extraction
    • B01D61/30—Accessories; Auxiliary operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
    • B01D63/082—Flat membrane modules comprising a stack of flat membranes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an im-Y provenient in the devices employed in dialysis.
  • ⁇ these consist of two series of chambers separated by interposed diapphragms through whichthe-liquids of. which the constituents are to be exchangedpassY in I counter-current.
  • the invention relates more particularly to the construction ofthese compartments.
  • the improvements according to the Y invention may be applied to all, or only to some ⁇ of thechambers, 4forexample to only one ofthe two series. l
  • l Thusa plurality of'cells or. frames, prollwvidedV with* ⁇ a diaphragm on both sides, may
  • the frames may be provided-with apertures in the corners so that the liquid yin each frame flows from one corner to the corner diagonally opposite.
  • the chambers therefore form an alternating series of hollow spaceswhich, when in use, are filled,pwith the one or the other of the two liquids.
  • the capacity of the chambers is determined by the area of the surfaces covered by the diaphragms and by the thickness ⁇ of the frames.
  • the rate offflow inthe central-portion is somewhat o Y greater ⁇ than in ⁇ the vicinity of the diaphragmsbecause the liquid in this latter position.- encounters a certain resistance at the surface ofthe lattices, woven material ⁇ or perforated sheet metal usually employed to 65 support the diaphragms, and this resistance isabsentin the centre of the chamber. Gonsequently, the amount of liquid which iows through the chamber without undergoing dialysis is still-further increased Y 70 Moreover, Vitis a.. well-known fact that the rate at which dialysis proceeds increases with the osmotic pressure, that is to say with. the difference in the concentrationof the liquids on the two sides of the diaphragm.
  • the iniuence of the rate of iiow through the chambers it may happen, if the liquid flowing slowly through a chamber changes in concentration and density, especially when the concentration decreases in the case of a downward current and increases in the case of an upward current, that the incoming liquid passes directly to the outlet without being uniformly distributed over the whole frame, with the result that dead, or at least less active, corners are formed within the chamber.
  • the problem on which the invention is based consists in removing the aforesaid drawbacks and in facilitating the circulation and diffusion, so as more especially to promote the osmosis action.
  • the chamber formed by each frame is provided with two relatively crossing systems, each comprising a number of parallel plates or blades occupying one half of the chamber.
  • the blades are preferably in contact in the middle of the chamber and are thinner towards the outside.
  • the diaphragms are supported by the outer edges of the blades and, if the blades taper to a thin edge, only a very small portion of the eifective area of the diaphragms will be wasted, certainly not more than with the usual lattices, woven fabrics or perforated plates.
  • one set of plates or blades is disposed horizontally and the other vertically.
  • the capacity of the chamber is reducedby the space occupied by the blades, and secondly the blades serve to support the diaphragme.
  • the greatest advantage is to be found in the circumstance that the blades compel the circulating liquid to change its direction every time and to flow from the outside of the chamber to the middle and then back towards the outside, so that the diffusion of the liquid inside the chamber is energetically facilitated.
  • some of the blades may extend over the whole thickness of the chamber.
  • These plates have only a single opening at one of their ends, the openings lying in a zigzag line relatively to each other and to the openings for admitting and discharging the liquid flowing through the chamber.
  • Each chamber is consequently divided into compartments and the diffusion of the layers of liquid is still further facilitated by the longer path traversed by the liquid.
  • each diaphragm is supported by vertical blades on the one sidev and horizontal blades on the other.
  • the frames and blades may be cast as an integral unit. Consequently, the frames can be supplied in the rough, the skin being left untouched, so that, in many cases, the material oifers increased resistance to the liquids, for example caustic soda solution, with which it comes in contact.
  • the invention can also be applied to dialyzing apparatus of other than the filterpress type, provided they possess compartments in which the crossing blades can be disposed, and diaphragms are in contact with the edges of the blades.
  • Fig. l is a perspective view of part of a frame.
  • Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section on the line II-II of Fig. l.
  • a few of the horizontal blades e extend across the entire width of the chamber, and thereby divide it into diferent compartments. These blades are provided with openings 0.
  • the blades are of tapered or wedge section, and the diaphragms m rest against their outer edges.
  • the liquid can only move horizontally on the front side of the frame and vertically on the rear side. Consequently, the liquid is also compelled to travel in a direction at right angles to the diaphragm, so that the largest possible number of particles of liquid are brought into contact with the diaphragme.
  • the particles which have taken part in the dialysis are moved away from the diaphragms and consequently theosmotic pressure on the two sides of a diaphragm is approximately equal to the mean pressure between, the contents of the two chambers separated by the diaphragm.
  • a dialyzer frame comprising a skeleton frame proper defining an internal chamber adapted to be closed at opposite sides by ilexible diaphragms, and two intersecting sets of thin flat blades disposed within the confines of such chamber With their inner edges in abutting contact at the medial vertical plane of the chamber; one set of blades being arranged horizontally and the other set vertically, some of the blades of the horizontal set extending across the full width of the chamber, while the blades of the vertical set and the remaining blades of the horizontal set have a width equal approximately to only half the width of said chamber.
  • a dialyzer frame comprising a skeleton frame proper defining an internal chamber adapted to be closed at opposite sides by flexible diaphragms and having inlet and outlet openings for the liquid flowing through such chamber, and two intersecting sets of thin flat blades disposed within the confines of said chamber; certain blades of one set extending across the full width of the chamber while the remaining blades of that set and the Vblades of the other set have a width approximately equal to half the width of the chamber; said full-width blades having each a single opening7 said openings being disposed in a zig-zag line relatively to one another and to said inlet and outlet openings.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
US285169A 1927-11-12 1928-06-13 Dialyzer frame Expired - Lifetime US1849622A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1849622X 1927-11-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1849622A true US1849622A (en) 1932-03-15

Family

ID=19873178

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US285169A Expired - Lifetime US1849622A (en) 1927-11-12 1928-06-13 Dialyzer frame

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US1849622A (enrdf_load_html_response)
BE (1) BE345386A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE540066C (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR642884A (enrdf_load_html_response)
NL (1) NL20553C (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2664395A (en) * 1949-08-24 1953-12-29 Marchand John Felix Dialyzer
US2784158A (en) * 1954-05-25 1957-03-05 Rohm & Haas Multiple ion exchange membrane electrodialysis cell
US2799644A (en) * 1955-11-18 1957-07-16 Kollsman Paul Apparatus for transferring electrolytes from one solution into another
US2897130A (en) * 1956-01-18 1959-07-28 Tno Apparatus for electrodialyzing liquids
US3332746A (en) * 1963-03-29 1967-07-25 Single Cell Res Foundation Inc Pulsatile membrane oxygenator apparatus
US20150209731A1 (en) * 2012-09-06 2015-07-30 Smartflow Technologies, Inc. Permeate channel alterations for counter current filtration for use in cross-flow filtration modules useful in osmotic systems

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1034143B (de) * 1954-02-22 1958-07-17 Bayer Ag Austauschermembran
DE1095788B (de) * 1955-07-30 1960-12-29 South African Council For Scie Vielkammerelektrodialysevorrichtung
US3620374A (en) * 1967-09-14 1971-11-16 Joseph T Kyerson & Son Inc Reinforced plastic filter plate structure
SE342143B (enrdf_load_html_response) * 1970-11-17 1972-01-31 Gambro Ab
FR2535214B1 (fr) * 1982-10-28 1987-06-12 Hospal Ind Intercalaire pour appareil a membranes

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2664395A (en) * 1949-08-24 1953-12-29 Marchand John Felix Dialyzer
US2784158A (en) * 1954-05-25 1957-03-05 Rohm & Haas Multiple ion exchange membrane electrodialysis cell
US2799644A (en) * 1955-11-18 1957-07-16 Kollsman Paul Apparatus for transferring electrolytes from one solution into another
US2897130A (en) * 1956-01-18 1959-07-28 Tno Apparatus for electrodialyzing liquids
US3332746A (en) * 1963-03-29 1967-07-25 Single Cell Res Foundation Inc Pulsatile membrane oxygenator apparatus
US20150209731A1 (en) * 2012-09-06 2015-07-30 Smartflow Technologies, Inc. Permeate channel alterations for counter current filtration for use in cross-flow filtration modules useful in osmotic systems
US10786784B2 (en) * 2012-09-06 2020-09-29 Smartflow Technologies, Inc. Permeate channel alterations for counter current filtration for use in cross-flow filtration modules useful in osmotic systems
US11565215B2 (en) 2012-09-06 2023-01-31 Smartflow Technologies, Inc. Permeate channel alterations for counter current filtration for use in cross-flow filtration modules useful in osmotic systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL20553C (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE540066C (de) 1931-12-07
FR642884A (fr) 1928-09-06
BE345386A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US1849622A (en) Dialyzer frame
US2689826A (en) Electrodialytic apparatus
US3341441A (en) Method for preventing scale buildup during electrodialysis operation
US3099615A (en) Electrodialysis involving periodic current reversal
FI86961C (fi) Vaermevaexlare
JPH0194905A (ja) 濾過板、濾過板要素およびそれを具備する濾過器
US2650709A (en) Continuous extracorporeal dialyzer
GB1137679A (en) Procedures and apparatus for electrodialytic treatment of liquids
US2735812A (en) Van hoek
US3831763A (en) Separation apparatus
NO860088L (no) Elektrodialyseapparat for kjemisk vedlikehold av kobberpletteringsbad uten elektrolytisk virkning.
NO772699L (no) Platedel for diffusjonsanordning.
US4196069A (en) Means for distributing electrolyte into electrolytic cells
US1757364A (en) Dialyzing apparatus
US2981671A (en) Method of reducing scale formation in electrodialytic cells
US2247143A (en) Dialysis method and apparatus
JPH08150393A (ja) 電気脱イオン法による脱イオン水の製造方法
GB1506721A (en) Fluid treatment modules
US3469615A (en) Recirculation plate type evaporators
US2872407A (en) Apparatus for modifying the chemical composition of fluids by ion transfer
US5389255A (en) Module for performing pervaporation of fluids
GB1089380A (en) Improvements in the production of cheese pastes and milk curds
US1790248A (en) Electrode for electrolytic cells
CA1122536A (en) Twin pack hemodialyzer
US3488690A (en) Artificial kidney membrane support means