US1848699A - Hydraulic press - Google Patents

Description

March 8, 1932. J, DE FRANCIS@ Lfgg@ HYDRAULIC PRES S Filed March 8, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEY March 8, 1932. J. DE FRANclscl HYDRAULI C PRES S 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 8, 1926 INVENTOR, Jbse/ eanezsea,

`ATTORNEY Patented aim?. s, i932Y earner orifice JOSEPH. DE IEBANCISCI, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YGERK HYDRAULC PRESS .Application filed March 8, 1926, Serial No. 93,199.

My invention is a hydraulic press, the same being adapted, among other uses, for the production of macaroni and analogous products; butit will be understood that the invention, or parts thereof, may be employed for the production of other products'.

n'presses for the production of macaroni and the like, it is usual to employ a double charge-containing mechanism, one cylinder of which co-operates with a power-driven plunger for expressing the material, whereas another cylinder of said mechanism is undergoing a loading or charging operation, after Y which the plunger is withdrawn and the charge-containing mechanism is reversed, such reversal bringing the loaded cylinder into cooperative relation to the plunger or ram, and the previously 'loaded and now empty cylinder is positioned for receiving a fresh batch or charge of `material. The plunger or ram is hydraulically operated, one example being disclosed in my prior Patent No. 1,502,021, patented July 22, 1924, wherein I have disclosed a single valve mechanism operable manually forcontrolling the flow of fluid to and from the hydraulic cylinder in such manner that the ram or plunger is at the required periods actuated by the -Y fluid under pressure for raising and lowering said plunger.

According to the presentinvention, provision is made for raising the connected material ,cylinders by the action of the hydraulic mechanism, whereby the cylinders are lifted clear of the expressing die, and such cylinders may then be reversed or shifted without hindrance from such die. The connected material cylinders are retained in an abnormal raised position for a desired period of time by controlling the iiow of the motive fiuid to the hydraulic mechanism, but following the i reversal of said cylinders, the motive fluid is permitted by adjustment of the valve to flow au out of the hydraulic mechanism in amanner to lower the charging 'cylinders for one of them to assume the required relation to the expressing die. Such descent of the connected vcylinders may be effected by gravity alone, or it may be accelerated by appropriate spring devices, the tension of which is regnlatable as and'when required,

@ther functions and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawings, whereinl Figure 1 is an elevation of my hydraulic press, with the material cylinders in an elevated relation to the expressing die. Y n

Figure 2 is an enlarged view partly in side 60 elevation and partly in vertical section illustrating an embodiment of means by which the upward travel of the ram is made available for raising the connected material cylinders. l

Figure 3 is a sectional View taken'lQngitudinally through the hydraulic valve'for manually controlling the flow of the motive iiuid for the actuation of the hydraulic mechanism, 70 Figures #i and 5 are cross sectional views of the hydraulic valve on the plane of the dotted line l-fi of Figure 3,l showing the valve plug in two positions, and illustrating the check valve ima by-pass, whereby the fluid is checked topreclude the premature lowering of the charge cylinders after the latter shall have been raised clear of the expressing die. Figures 6 and 7 are views in ylongitudinal section of the valve showing `the valve lplug in two positions, one as in Figure 6 for the return of the fluid from the pressure cylinder to the pump through the valve plug, and the other position of said valve plug showing the said plug in position for feeding fluid to the pressure cylinder for raising the ram or plunger. i

Figure 8 is a detail section on the line 8.-,-8 of Figure 3 illustrating the bonnet valve and its valve actuator. 90 Figure 9 is a detail plan view ofthe rotary plugof the control valve, l

As in the prior patent to which reference has been made, A, A, are the vertical fixed columns or posts, B is the fluid pressure cylinder, C the ram or plunger operable there,- i`n, and F, F', are the connected cylinders for containing the charges or batches ,oit material adapted to be forced by the actionfof the plunger out of said cylinders and through an free to rotate and slide on said column. Fach cylinder F or F' is provided with stop arms g extending outwardly and operating to contact with the other column A for arresting the `swinging or rotative movement ofthe cylinders. Obviously, the connected cylindersV turn on the column acting as an axis of rotation therefor, said axis being eccentric to the'aXis of the expressing die D, whereby either cylinder is adapted tojaline or register with said die prior to the descent of the Vlunger or ram fordislodging the material rom said cylinder and' forcing the same through die D. y p' As shown, the ram or plunger C is provided, at its lower end which is exposed below the 'fluid pressure cylinder B, with a collar or vflange c. y`With this exposed flange cooperates a plurality of lifting elements E, E', which'are connected operatively with the material cylinders F, F', for the purpose of raising the cylinders F, F', by the power of the hydraulic ram or plunger. Obviously, the cylinders and the load carried thereon constitutes a heavy weight. It isdesirable to yraise this weight relatively to the die and to the columns prior to the operation of rotating the cylinders to position one or the other in register with the die, such elevation of the cylinders being for the purposeof swingingthem without hindrance from the die. Each lifting element comprises a sleeve c and an arm c', the same being usually made in one piece. The sleeve of member E passes loosely through the coupling g at the top of the cylinders F, F', so that the cylinder coupling g turns freely on the sleeve e of the member E.

n The sleeves e of the two members are fitted on the respective columns A, A, and eachV is held in a non-rotating relation to the rolumn by a screw or spline f whichl is attached to the sleeve and is littedv in a groove j provided in the column, thus adapting the sleeves c ofthe ytwo lifting membersfor sliding or up and down'travel-on the columns. rI 1e armsg' -on the material cylindersare :ulaijited for contact, the lower one with Ythe column A, and the upper one with a grooved part, e2, of the sleeve E', see Figures 1 and 2. As shown-iny Figure 2, the sleeve c of'lifting member Eis also provided with a groove c2, for receiving the upper coupling g of the cylinders F, F', and thus the upward travel of the members E, E', is communicated to the cylinders F, F', for raising the latter for a short distance relatively to the die D. The arms c of the lifting members E, E', extend inwardly from the sleeves c, e, and

these arms, e', e', are in contact with the upper face of the flange c on plunger C. The arrangement is such that asthe plunger or ram is approaching the upward limit of its travel, and just prior to reaching such upward limit, the flange c comes into engagement with the arms c', and Vas the ram continues its upward movement, the arms e', and the sleeves c, will be raised and slide along the columns A, the effect of which is to elevate the material cylinders F, F', with respect to die D, and thus permit said cylinders to be rotated around one of the columns until arrested by the arms g' coming into contact with the other column and the grooved part e2 of the sleeve E'.

The members E, E', coact with the ram for holding the cylinders F, F', in raised relation to the die, but as the ram or plunger begins its downstroke, the cylinders F, F', are low* ered,usually by gravity, although such downward movement of the cylinders may be effected by suitable Vmeans, such as coiled' spring I-I, Figures land 2. These springs loosely encircle the columns and rest upon the sleeves c of members E, E. Provision is made for regulating the tension of the springs, for which slidably fitted on the columns. These plates rest on the springs, and are adjusted as` required by set screws 7L' contacting with the under side of the lower part?) of cylinder B.

Motion is imparted to the ram or plunger by fluid pressure, to which end pipes N, O, are connected to the Lipper and lower parts of the pressure cylinder B, substantially las dis- Y closed in my prior patent. The flow of fluid to, and the return of fluid from, the pressure cylinder is controllable by a single valve to which pipes N, O, are connected, and this valve is supplied with liquid under pressure from a pump or accumulator through pipe L, and it functions, also, as the means through which the fluid from the pressure cylinder flows back to the pump or accumulator by way of pipe M. The single valve is similar in all essential particularsto the valve of my prior patent, and, speaking generally, said valve embodies a shell H, a turntable plug I, a bonnet valve'P for the control of a by-pass p through which the pressure of the motive fluid is relieved on the turnable plug I, a bushing Qco-operable with the bonnet valve and having a plate QF provided with a lever arm R which is associated with the trip rod k1", and a valve actuator U rotatable with the valve plug I, and operablel by appropriate studs w, w', on the plate Q2, all as shown in Figures 1 and 3 to 9, inclusive, and

purpose plates, la, are

described more particularly in my aforesaid patent. y

The valve is modified with a view to simplifying its construction and with the view,

. also, to the association therewith of a check valve hereinafter described, whereby the pressure of the fluid is retained within the lower part of the cylinder B for an appreciable length of time in order to hold the plunger C raised for that period of time at which the material cylinders F, F, are elevated with reference to the die D. As shown in Figures 3, 6, 7 and 9, the valve plug comprises a stem a' and a frusto-conical head t', at one end this stem is of square formation and provided with a thread, whereas the other headed end i is formed with a single uid channel j, said valve l being provided with a fluid passage 7c the ends of which constitute ports 7c', k2. he valve plug is seated in shell H to produce a fluid chamber K, as heretofore, with which communicates the fluid channel y', and the shell H is furthermore provided with the return chamber k3 (Figures 3 and 8) with which chamber h3 communicates the return pipe M, and into which chamber h3 opens the port la of the fluid passage 7c of the valve plug, so that the fluid flowing back from the cylinder B may pass through the fluid passage 7c to chamber h3, and thence by pipe M back to the pump.

in Figures -l and 7, the plug l is positioned for feeding fluid under pressure to pipe O and thence to the lower part of cylinder B for raising the ram or plunger, and inthe same position of the valve plug I the fluid returns from the upper part of cylinder B through pipe N and valve passage 7c to pipe M back to pump. Obviously, the fluid under pressure is supplied by pipe L to chamber K, thence by channel j to pipe 0, and thence to lower part of the cylinder B. At this time, the fluid flowing through valve plug channel y' acts to lift and unseat a check valve S, which is within a by-pass s provided in shell H between pipes N, O, see Figures a and 5. This by-pass s is of angular form, one end opening into pipe O, and the other end opening into the bore provided within the shell H for plug l. rlhis by-pass forms a ledge, t, constituting a seat for the check valve, S, the play of which within the by-pass is limited by a plug t attached to the valve shell. As stated, the pressure of fluid supplied through channel j and by-pass s to the pipe O and thence to the lower port of the cylinder B raises the plunger C and members E, E for lifting the material cylinders F, F, relatively to the die D, and the parts remain in such positions until the plunger is ready to begin its reverse motionor to move downwardly, back pressure of the vfluid moving through pipe O tending to act on the check valve S for holding the latter upon the seat, t, in the by-pass. With the valve reversed, as

in Figures 5 and 6, the flow of fluid under pressure to pipe O is cut oid and the return flow through pipe N is likewise cut off, but, on the contrary, the fluid under pressure from pipe L liowsthrough chamber K, through channel jV of plug l to pipe N, thence through pipe N t0 the upper part of cylinder B, whereas the return flow from the lower part of cylinder B takes place through pipe O, fluid passage L of plug I, to chamber h3, and thence through pipe M to the pump, such back flow through pipe O holding check valve S on its seatz in the by-pass.

rlhe operation may be summarized briefly as follows: With the material cylinders F, F, positioned for one (F) to be in alinement vertically with the die D, the other cylinder (F) is in position to receive a charge or batch of material, whereupon the ram is lowered for forcing the material out of one cylinder and through the die, as usual. The ram is now raised, and as it approaches the upward limit of its travel, the flange c engages with arms e and thus lifts the members E, E', to raise the cylinders F, F and the load in one of them, the raised positions of the parts being shown in Figure l. lVith the cylinders F, F, thus lifted by the hydraulic mechanism, the operator pr-oceeds to turn or swing the cylinders around the sleeve c of member E until the arms g engage the other sleeve c of member E', and the column, respectively, thus arresting the swinging motion, the sleeves e and members E, E', being at rest. rlhe valve is reversed to feed fluid under pressure from the pump through the valve and the pipe N into the upper part of the cylinder B, the liquid in the lower cylinder part being free to flow through pipe O, the valve and by way of pipe M bacK to the pump. As the plunger begins its down stroke, the members E, E', and the cylinders F, F, are lowered for the loaded cylinder to become seated relatively to the die, and the further travel of the plunger C forces the material from one cylinder and through the die, the other cylinder being loaded with a fresh batch of material. Upon the completion of the down stroke by the ram or plunger, th-e valve is turned to divert the flow of fluid, whereupon the fluid under pressure from the pump flows from pipe L, the valve, and pipe O into the lower part of cylinder B, whereas the fluid from the upper part of said cylinder B flows back to the pump by Y way of pipe N, the valve, and pipe M. As the plunger approaches the limit of its upward travel, the flange c engages the arms c and again lifts the members E, E, and the connected cylinders F, F', in which positions the parts remain and are retained by the check valve S during the period required for reversing the cylinders F, F, in order to present a filled cylinder into register with the die.

Having thus fully described the invention,

What I claim: as new and desire to secure by Letters-Patent is: Y

l. In combination in a press, a plurality of columns7 a plurality of cylinders, collars slidably mounted on said columns adapted to receive said cylinders, a movable plunger provided with a projection adapted to engage saidl collars to raise thecylinders when the plunger is near the end of its stroke.Y

2. In a device of the character described, a movable plunger, a column, a cylinder, means for rotatably and slidably mounting said cylinder on said column including a collar slidably mounted ,on said column, said collar being provided With a flange adapted to be engaged by the end of the plunger on its up- Ward stroke to raise the cylinder into inoperativerposition. y Y 3. In combination in a press, a plurality of columns, a plurality of connected cylinders, collars slidably mounted on said columns and adapted to receive said cylinders, a movable plunger provided With a projection near one end, one of said collars being provided With a flange adapted torbe engaged by the projection on thel plunger toraise the cylinder into inoperative position.

In testimony whereof I have hereto signed my name this 5th day of March, 1926.

. JOSEPH DE FRANCISCI.

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