US1846849A - Wall construction - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 23, 1932. COVELL 1,846,849

WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 24, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 JNVENTOR: lnzziyizz m/elz,

A TTORNEYS.

' Feb. 23, 1932.] E; D CQVELL 1,846,849

WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Jan. 24, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 WITNESSES A TTORNEYS.

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EARL nwren'r covE L. or rnrminnnrnm, rnnnsYLvAnIA;'Assre1\Toa To rnn covnL'L, oonrona'rron, or WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, ,A' conronnrron or DELAWARE- WALL'CONSTRUCTION 7 Application filed. January 24,1929. 7 Serial No. 334,724. v 3 e g from Figs. III and Iva Will be ob erved This inventionrelates to the construction of walls, and is more particularly concerned with erection of .walls from standardized block units.

The purpose of my invention isto'enable construction of walls of any required depth 'or thickness more rapidly and expeditiously than- .pos'sible under existent methods, and with greatsaving in the number of building units required and corresponding economy in thecost oflaying or erection.

' I new the. foregoing and other important" advantages can be readily attained in prac tice Without sacrifice either of strength, rigidity or stability in the walls, will be manitest from the detailed description which follows. V

a In the drawings, Fig. I shows a side elevation of a triple thickness building wall em bodying my invention in one form.

Fig. II is a plan sectional view of the wall taken as indicated by the arrows IIII in Fig I. v I

Figs. III and IV are anterior and posterior perspective. views showing the manner in 'WlllCll the frontal or harr1ertlllCkIlGSSO-f the wall of Figs. I and II is constructed from special facing units. I r

' Fig. V is ,a perspective view illustrating the novel arrangement of ordinary building unitsin the double backing thickness of the wall of Figs. I and II. i 7

Figs. VI, VII and VIII are illustrations respectively similar to Figs. I, II and "V showing a modified arrangement ofthe units 7 comprising the wall.

Figs. IX and X are plan sectional views like Figs. II and VII showing still other modifications. 7

Referring first to Figs. I-V of these illustrations, the form of wall there shown is of triple thickness, that is to say: it embodies a single frontal thickness 12-in this instance constructed from special molded block units 13 of the type shown and described in UJS. Patent #1,662,300 granted tome under date of March '13, 1928; and a; doublebacking thickness 14 constructed from ordinary brick units15 or the like. The special units 13 are laid in the usual overlapping relation, and

that their confi uration is such asjto define 'a continuous fins face on-the outside, and a systemof continuously communicatinghorr Zontal and vertical interveningintervals .16,

17 open at the rear. In building thevvalhI the units 13 jdry in interlapping relation'as aforesaid andas clearlysetforth inyFigs. III

and IV'. f I then proceed with the erection of the double backing, thickness 14. fromthe units 15,laying them in pairs sideby side" longitudinally] of the wall with contiguous pairs spaced; end forend in'one horizontal row for capacity to bridgingly support correspondingly spacedunits' 15 of the superjacent horizontal. row laid fc-rosswise all as shown in Figs. II .and 'Va' Incidental to the last described procedure, a narrow vertical interval 18 is left between the outer and inner thicknesses 12, 14: of :the wall,-as well fas 1a narrow interval 19in every instance between the longitudinally laid pairs ;of the units.

The wallgis finallyf'bon'ded bylintroducing from the rear cementitious bonding material M into the transverse spacial intervals 116, 17 and "20, 21 occasioned as a consequence of arranging the units 13, 1 5 inthe manner eX- plained. This may be readilyaccomplished with the aid of anysuitabl'e type of'cement gun or other device from whichlthe cementitious material mortar or other suitable joint fillers is projected with appropriate velocity under pressure or otherwise. 'Cementitious "material so introduced will readilyffind its way: through the several passages 19 and the intervals 18 into the interspace's 16, 17 between the units 13 of the outer wall thickness thereby. tyingther latter units and the units 15 of the backing thickness 14 continuously and effectively togetherinto rigid whole.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. VI, VII and VIII, the units 156; of the inner wall thickness 142a are arranged somewhat dii fercntly- Here it'will be noted that the units 15a are laid'longitudinally ofthe wall in all the horizontal rows, the modified arrangement permitting greater end for end spacing than in the first'described embodiment with lQSllllJil-Ill] greater econom zation' 1n thc'number of block units 15a required. The modification has the further advantage in vthat it enables building of walls with a single backing thickness as can be readily visualized by considering the rear thickness in Fig. VII

removed.

If desired, ordinary facing brick units may obviouslybe employed for the outer thickness 12 or 12a of the wall in lieu of the special molded units 13, 13a in either'the embodiments ofFigs. I-V or Figs. VI-VIII; but in such case, mortar would of course have to be placed between said ordinary units incif dental to laying. The procedure followed as regards laying of the backing thickness 14 of the wall and final bonding of the units 15 or 15awould however be exactly as already explained, with the frontal thickness 12a acting 7 (like the frontal thicknessesof the previous forms) after the manner of a barrier to restrain'the bonding material.

In instances where a facing thickness is not required or desired, oriwhere merely a rough wall isiwanted to serve as a base for stucco or plaster, I may erect, as shown n Fig. IX, a temporary vertical surface 12b of lumber, building paper or-sheet metalf to constitutea barrier for restraint of the cementitious bonding. material as it is introduced into the transverse interstices 21?) between the' units' 156 from the opposite side oft'he-wallf V My invention mayalsobe adapted to the construction of a thickness or shell of masonry about frame buildings after the manner illustrated in Fig. Xwhere the letter U designates the-upright timbers,'and S the siding "of a building, the "units'150 being laid aft-er themanner of Fig. VIII contiguous; to the siding and the cementitious bonding material 'introducedintothe interstices 210 of the wall from the opposite side as inall the other instances. "An eflicient base is thus provided forapplication of the stucco or plaster convenientionally indicated at 22 in the illustration.

From the foregoing it will be seen that through my improved method, walls of any thickness may be easilyferectedwith a minimum number of-block unitsandtherefore at 'a cons derable saving in laborcosts of laying .over older methods without sacrifice either of strength, rigidity or stability, the block units beingso arranged in-all instances as to constitute a mould which is afterward filled in with the cementitious bonding agent.

It is of course to be understood that the arrangement of the units is obviously suscepti- .ble to considerable diversification, and I do .not, therefore, wish to be limited to the pre- .-cise 'rou in s herein eXem lifi ed.

Having thus described my invention, I

I claim:

,1. The new art of :wall construction which consists in erecting a vertical barrier surface,

laying building blocks row upon row contiguous to the barrier surface with the blocks of one row laid so as to afford relatively large open spaces providing bridging support for the blocks of a superjacent row and of differing cubic capacity at paralleling 1 edges only, and bonding such structure with 3 only, and cementitious bonding material filling; the transverse spaclal intervals of large cubic capacity occasioned in the wall by arrangement of units as aforesaid.

i '3. Adouble wall'constructed: from block units laid inhorizontal rows with the units of one row placed longitudinally side by side 1 inpairs and spaced apartend for end vfrom neighbor ng pairs to afford bridging support for correspondingly spaced pairs of the units of a superj acent row at the ends only, e and cementitious bonding material filling the transverse spacial intervals of large cubic capacity occasioned in the wall by arranging the unitsa's aforesaid.

4 A double wall constructed from counterpart block units laid in horizontal rows [with the units of one row placed longitudinally sideby side in pairs and spaced apart end for end fromneighboring pairs to afford bridging support for correspondingly spaced units of a superjacent row at paralleling edges only,and vcementitious bonding material filling the transverse spacial inter-. vals of differing cubic capacity occasioned in the wall by arrangingthe units as aforesaid.

5. A wall constructed. with a continuous fronta -l thickness formed from block units laid overlappingly and a backing thickness constructed from block units laid in horizontal rows contiguous to the frontal wall thick- 7 uess with the units of one row'spaced apart to afford bridging support for the units of a superj acent row at parallelingedges only,and cementitious bonding material filling all the transverse and intervening spacial intervals occasioned in the wall by arranging the units as aforesaid. I 1 i 6. A wall constructed with a frontal thick-- nessfornied from special units laid overlappingly and jointly providing a continuous anterior face and continuously communicating system ofhorizontal and vertical intervening lntervals between units at the rear, and a backing thickness constructed from ordinaryjblock unitslaidin horizontal rows contiguous to the frontal thickness aforesaid withfthe units. of one row spaced apart "to {afford bridging su pport for correspondingly spaced units of a superjacent row at the ends only, and cementitious bonding material filling all the spacial intervals between the units of both the frontal and backing thicknesses of the Wall. V

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in Philadelphia, Pennsyl- Vania, this 21st day of January, 1929.

EARL DWIGHT COVELL.

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