US1846493A - Fuel atomizer for oil motors - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 23, 1932. I o. J. G. KAHR FUEL ATOMIZER FOR OIL MOTORS Filed Nov. '7, 1929 Patented Feb. 23,- 1932 v UNITED, STATES.

. OSKAR J'OHAlN' GUSTAI' KKHB, OI'ALSTEN, SWEDEN m ATOMIZER FOB OIL morons Application filed Noveinber 7, 1929, Serial No. 405,857, and in Sweden October 31, 1928.

- The present invention relates to fuel atom-- izersfor oil motors, and has particular reference to fuel atomizers of the type which are provided with a number of nozzle apertures opening inwardly toward the combustion chamber, through which apertures the fuel is divided into a corresponding number of jets, each havinga comparatively small cross-sectional area.

The object of the invention is to provide a fuel atomizer of novel constructlon designed to divide the fuel into a. plurality of separate jets and to effect a thorough breaking up and separation of the particles of fuel 1 of the respective jets.

The invention will be hereinafter more fully describedin connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of part of the cylinder of an oil motor having a nozzle according to the invention. Fig. 2 shows an embodiment,

partly insection, of the atomizer nozzle on an enlarged scale. Fig-'3 is a cross-section on line 33 in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 shows a modified'atomizer nozzle, partly in section, and Fig. 5 shows a modification of a fuel passage.

In Fig. 1, A represents the motor cylinder and B the combustion chamber having inserted therein the nozzlea, to which fuel is supso plied through the pipe G. a

The nozzle a'is provided at the bottom with a centrally arranged, outwardly flared conical openin in which a conical stud b isaocurately fitte ,the stud 6 being provided around its conical surfafce witli a number of grooves or channels 6. These grooves or channels are of progressively decreasing depth and of progressively increasing width-'jtowards their discharge ends, and the ratio'lof-"decre'asein 40 depth to increase in width of said channels preferably is such that the cross. sectional area of each channel is substantially uniform throughout its length. When the l1quidfuel',

on having passed through such a channel,

leaves the same throughthe mouth thereof,

the length Z ofwhich is, for instance, 8-10.

times the width m thereof, the jet obtains, to. commence with, the form of a comparatively thin diver ing film of fluid 11. immediately ad-' jacent to the mouth. At some distance from 1) comprising in this case two parts haying "channels 6 between each otheras well as bethe mouth, however, the film of fuel bursts by reason of its diverging shape, and the jet is divided, by an explosion in miniature, into finely divided fuel, which continues "to flow, although at an appreciably reduced velocity, in an average direction corresponding approximately to that of the whole film. The greater the angle between the channel walls diverging from the nozzle, the greater will the spreading angle be in the film of fuel outno side the mouth of the passage. Under conditions which are otherwise alike, the consequence of this will be that the film of fuel will break up, in the same degree, nearer to the nozzle, besides which the atomization is rendered still more complete. By varying the shape of the passages and of the width m of the passage openings, it will thus be possible to determine the degree of atomization of the fuel as well as the place in the combustion chamber 'where it is'desired to'cause the atomization to take place, the atomization'occur ring when the film'of fuel has become so thin that the molecular forces within the sameare no longer capable of withstanding the components of force tending to separate them.

In case the spreading angle is increased sothat the finely divided fuel beams from adj acent jets get into the ranges of each other, this drawback will be alrtly eliminated by causing the two outwar 1y diverging sides of each passage to form different angles with the centre line of the nozzle, as illustrated in Fig. 5. i

Fig. 4 shows an arrangement for increasing 85 the number of .fuel jets and for obtaining at the same time a more uniform distribution of the fuel in the combustion chamber, the stud 9o tween the outer part and the wall of the conical opening in the nozzle. I

In my application, Serial No. 405,358, filed Nov. 7 1929,-I claim the arrangement ofsu porting stud b in the manner shown in e 96 drawings. J

-1, A fuel atomizing device for internal combustion engines comprising a nozzle having an outwardly flared conical opening de: 1

fined by a side wall, and a conical stud having a side wall seated against the side wall defining said conical opening, one of said walls having a fuel channel formed therein 5 which channel is of progressively decreasing depth and of progressively increasing width toward the larger ends of the opening and the stud.

2. A fuel atomizing device forinternal combustion engines comprising a nozzle having an outwardly flared conical opening, and a conical stud seated at its side against the side wall defining said opening, said stud having a channel formed in the side thereof which channel is of progressively decreasing depth and of progressively increasing width toward the larger end of said stud.

3. A fuel atomizing device for internal combustion engines comprising a nozzle having an outwardly flared conical opening, and a conical stud seated at its side against the side wall defining said opening, said stud having a channel formed in the side thereof which channel is of progressively decreasing depth and of progressively increasing width toward the larger end of said stud, the ratio of decrease in depth to increase in width of said channel being such that said channel is of substantially uniform cross-sectional area throughout its length.

' 4. A fuel atomizing device for internal combustion engines comprising a nozzle having an outwardly flared conical opening defined by a side wall, and a conical stud-having a side wall seated against the side wall defining said conical opening, one of said walls having a fuel channel formed therein which channel is of progressively decreasing depth and of progressively increasing width toward 40 the larger ends of the opening and the stud, the side walls of said channel being disposed, respectively, at difierent degrees of angularity relative to the axis of the stud.

5. A fuel atomizing device for internal combustion engines comprising a nozzle having an outwardly flared conical opening defined by a side wall, a conical stud having a side wall seated against the side wall defining said conical opening, one of said walls having a fuel channel formed therein which channel is of progressively decreasing depth and of progressively increasing width toward the larger ends of the opening and the stud, said stud having an outwardlv flared conical open ing formed centrally therethrough, and a second conical stud seated against the side wall defining the conical opening in said first mentioned stud. one of the two conical faces of the studs which contact with one another having a channel formed therein which channel also is of progressively decreasing depth and of progressively increasing width toward the larger ends of the studs In testimony whereof I afiix my signature. OSKAR 101m; GUSTAF 1mm

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