US1844751A - Process of electrodepositing chromium - Google Patents
Process of electrodepositing chromium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1844751A US1844751A US49820A US4982025A US1844751A US 1844751 A US1844751 A US 1844751A US 49820 A US49820 A US 49820A US 4982025 A US4982025 A US 4982025A US 1844751 A US1844751 A US 1844751A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- chromium
- fluorid
- fluorine
- per liter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 10
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- FTBATIJJKIIOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluorochromium Chemical compound F[Cr](F)F FTBATIJJKIIOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 Chromic fluorid Sodium fluorid Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 241000286904 Leptothecata Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/04—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium
Definitions
- This invention relatesto processes of electrodepositing chromium, and aims to provide improvements therein.
- the invention provides a novel process of ⁇ 5 depositing chromium, by which a good quality of late, both as to structure, brightness, and c or may be obtained, and with good etficiencies for chromium plating.
- the invention has the further advantage that the l0 electrolytic solution may be used with lead lined tanks without aflecting the lining, chromic acid, especially in combination with acids or salts of stron acids being uite active in attacking most su stances suita 1e for use 1 as containers.
- the invention further provides a process of electroplating chromium which may be used without etchlng polished surfaces of artlcles to be plated.
- the invention further provides a novel chromium plate, having a lighter orwhlter shade than plate produced by other processes of depositing chromium, this being of importance where the color of silver is to be approximated.
- chromic acid is used as the electrolyte.
- the cata lyst or addition agent is a compoundof fluorine, usually a fluorid, such as chromic or sodium fluorid. We have obtained satisfactory bright plates using as catalyst or addition agents the following:-.
- ydrofluoric acid v a the substances bein "arranged substantially in their order of e ciencies.
- Hydrofluoric acid while serviceable, very considerably decreases the efiiciency of plating as com ared with the other substances given above.
- emperatures from 15 C. to C. are quite suitable, and current densities from to 1 ampere per square inch are suitable, the lower current density being preferred for bright,
- the best efliciency has been found to be around 3 grams er liter of the fluorine compound, calculate as chromium fluorid, decreasing above and belowthis amount, the fluorine radical being the constituent of importance.
- the solution does not etch polished surfaces of articles (steel, iron, brass, for example) placed therein for electroplatmg.
- process of electroplating chromium comprising passing an electric current through a solution containing chromic acid and a soluble fluorine-containing compound, said compound being fluosilicic acid, the amount of fiuosilicic acid being that amount which contains the same amount of fluorine as that contained in 10 grams per liter or less of CrF, for a solution containing 250 100 grams per liter CrO and aproportionately higher or lower fiuosilicic acid content for a higher or lower CrO content.
- a process of electroplating chromium comprising passing an electric current through a solution containing chromic acid and a soluble fluorine containing compound, said compound being fluosilicic acid, the amount of fluosilicic acid being that amount which contains the same amount of fluorine as that contained in approximately three grams per liter of CrF for a solution containing 250 grams per liter Gro and a proportionately higher or lower fiuosilicic acid content for a higher or lower CrO content.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
Description
' Patented Feb. 9, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT orrrcs 4 NEW YORK,
PROCESS OF ELECTRODEPOSITING OHRQMIUM Ro Drawing.
This invention relatesto processes of electrodepositing chromium, and aims to provide improvements therein. I
The invention provides a novel process of {5 depositing chromium, by which a good quality of late, both as to structure, brightness, and c or may be obtained, and with good etficiencies for chromium plating. The invention has the further advantage that the l0 electrolytic solution may be used with lead lined tanks without aflecting the lining, chromic acid, especially in combination with acids or salts of stron acids being uite active in attacking most su stances suita 1e for use 1 as containers.
The invention further provides a process of electroplating chromium which may be used without etchlng polished surfaces of artlcles to be plated.
The invention further provides a novel chromium plate, having a lighter orwhlter shade than plate produced by other processes of depositing chromium, this being of importance where the color of silver is to be approximated.
ccording to the present invention, chromic acid is used as the electrolyte. The cata lyst or addition agent is a compoundof fluorine, usually a fluorid, such as chromic or sodium fluorid. We have obtained satisfactory bright plates using as catalyst or addition agents the following:-.
Chromic fluorid Sodium fluorid Fluosilicic acid gLSiE) Fluoboric acid BF,,)
ydrofluoric acid; v a the substances bein "arranged substantially in their order of e ciencies. Hydrofluoric acid, while serviceable, very considerably decreases the efiiciency of plating as com ared with the other substances given above. emperatures from 15 C. to C. are quite suitable, and current densities from to 1 ampere per square inch are suitable, the lower current density being preferred for bright,
e-grained deposit. a The efliciency of the current in de ositing chromium varies with the amount 0 fluorid used in the bath. With a solution containing 250 grams sul hates, gives good results.
' modes of procedure cally described.
compounds Application filed August 12, 1825. Serial No. 49,820.
per liter of chromic acid the best efliciency has been found to be around 3 grams er liter of the fluorine compound, calculate as chromium fluorid, decreasing above and belowthis amount, the fluorine radical being the constituent of importance. In amounts u to about 10 grams per liter of the fluorid the solution does not etch polished surfaces of articles (steel, iron, brass, for example) placed therein for electroplatmg.
Boric acid added to the aforesaid catalyst or addition agents, or even to other catalysts or addition agents such as sulphuric acid and mod e of procedure is as follows :-A bath is made up containing 250 grams per liter of chromic acid (010,) and 3 grams per liter of chromium fluorid (or an equivalent amount of sodium fluorid). The article to be plated, a polished piece of flatwear (a spoon) for example, is connected to the cathode bus-bar and a current of ampere per square inch passed through the solution. A lead-lined tank is used to advantage, as the solution does not attack the lead lining. The starting temperature may be room temperature of 15-20 0., which may increase to about 30 or 35 C. in large tanks, in warm weather, due to the heat of the current. The temperature may be kept constant at a desired temperature by suitable heating and cooling means.
The process may be carried out by other than that herein specifi- The process involving the use of fluorine of the fiuoboric acid type is claimed in our application Serial N 0. 586,700, filed January 14, 1932. 1
What is claimed is:
1. process of electroplating chromium comprising passing an electric current through a solution containing chromic acid and a soluble fluorine-containing compound, said compound being fluosilicic acid, the amount of fiuosilicic acid being that amount which contains the same amount of fluorine as that contained in 10 grams per liter or less of CrF, for a solution containing 250 100 grams per liter CrO and aproportionately higher or lower fiuosilicic acid content for a higher or lower CrO content.
2. A process of electroplating chromium comprising passing an electric current through a solution containing chromic acid and a soluble fluorine containing compound, said compound being fluosilicic acid, the amount of fluosilicic acid being that amount which contains the same amount of fluorine as that contained in approximately three grams per liter of CrF for a solution containing 250 grams per liter Gro and a proportionately higher or lower fiuosilicic acid content for a higher or lower CrO content.
In witness ,whereoi, we have signed our names.
COLIN G. FINK. HUGH DAVID MQLEESE.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US49820A US1844751A (en) | 1925-08-12 | 1925-08-12 | Process of electrodepositing chromium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US49820A US1844751A (en) | 1925-08-12 | 1925-08-12 | Process of electrodepositing chromium |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1844751A true US1844751A (en) | 1932-02-09 |
Family
ID=21961908
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US49820A Expired - Lifetime US1844751A (en) | 1925-08-12 | 1925-08-12 | Process of electrodepositing chromium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1844751A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2640021A (en) * | 1949-11-23 | 1953-05-26 | United Chromium Inc | Composition, bath, and process for chromium plating |
| US2841541A (en) * | 1955-10-28 | 1958-07-01 | Diamond Alkali Co | Chemical composition for chromium plating |
| US2841540A (en) * | 1955-10-28 | 1958-07-01 | Diamond Alkali Co | Chemical composition for chromium plating |
| US2985567A (en) * | 1959-03-16 | 1961-05-23 | Allied Chem | Electrodeposition of black chromium coatings |
| US3021267A (en) * | 1959-10-07 | 1962-02-13 | Du Pont | Plating bath and process |
| US3303114A (en) * | 1964-01-10 | 1967-02-07 | Udylite Corp | Chromium plating |
| US3303113A (en) * | 1963-10-18 | 1967-02-07 | Udylite Corp | Chromium plating |
| US20070267466A1 (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2007-11-22 | Kirsten Laura Brand | Cartons With Liquid-Tight Receptacles |
| US20100000672A1 (en) * | 2007-02-23 | 2010-01-07 | Fogle James C | Reinforced carton and methods of making carton blanks |
| US8727204B2 (en) | 2009-11-16 | 2014-05-20 | Graphic Packaging International, Inc. | Expandable carton |
| US10737824B2 (en) | 2016-11-14 | 2020-08-11 | Graphic Packaging International, Llc | Reconfigurable carton and package |
-
1925
- 1925-08-12 US US49820A patent/US1844751A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2640021A (en) * | 1949-11-23 | 1953-05-26 | United Chromium Inc | Composition, bath, and process for chromium plating |
| US2841541A (en) * | 1955-10-28 | 1958-07-01 | Diamond Alkali Co | Chemical composition for chromium plating |
| US2841540A (en) * | 1955-10-28 | 1958-07-01 | Diamond Alkali Co | Chemical composition for chromium plating |
| US2985567A (en) * | 1959-03-16 | 1961-05-23 | Allied Chem | Electrodeposition of black chromium coatings |
| US3021267A (en) * | 1959-10-07 | 1962-02-13 | Du Pont | Plating bath and process |
| US3303113A (en) * | 1963-10-18 | 1967-02-07 | Udylite Corp | Chromium plating |
| US3303114A (en) * | 1964-01-10 | 1967-02-07 | Udylite Corp | Chromium plating |
| US20070267466A1 (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2007-11-22 | Kirsten Laura Brand | Cartons With Liquid-Tight Receptacles |
| US8196805B2 (en) | 2006-05-18 | 2012-06-12 | Graphic Packaging International, Inc. | Cartons with liquid-tight receptacles |
| US20100000672A1 (en) * | 2007-02-23 | 2010-01-07 | Fogle James C | Reinforced carton and methods of making carton blanks |
| US8226794B2 (en) | 2007-02-23 | 2012-07-24 | Graphic Packaging International, Inc. | Reinforced carton and methods of making carton blanks |
| US8727204B2 (en) | 2009-11-16 | 2014-05-20 | Graphic Packaging International, Inc. | Expandable carton |
| US9113648B2 (en) | 2009-11-16 | 2015-08-25 | Graphic Packaging International, Inc. | Expandable carton |
| US10737824B2 (en) | 2016-11-14 | 2020-08-11 | Graphic Packaging International, Llc | Reconfigurable carton and package |
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