US1838015A - Annealing apparatus - Google Patents

Annealing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US1838015A
US1838015A US198613A US19861327A US1838015A US 1838015 A US1838015 A US 1838015A US 198613 A US198613 A US 198613A US 19861327 A US19861327 A US 19861327A US 1838015 A US1838015 A US 1838015A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cooling
heating
chamber
gas
furnace
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Expired - Lifetime
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US198613A
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English (en)
Inventor
Forster Hermann Von
Lay Emil
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
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Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device for cleaning and polishing metal pieces by heating them.
  • the heating chamber and cooling chamber are usually filled with inert gases protecting the surface of the articles from tempering or the like.
  • the cooling chamber is as a rule permanently attached to or integral with the heating chamber. But it has already been proposed to make the cooling chamber movable with respect to the heating chamber.
  • the articles to be treated are carried by a suitable heating frame in the cooling chamber which is placed above the heating chamber and from which the frame is lowered down into the heating chamber. A plate arranged on the heating frame above the articles served as closure for the furnace from the cooling chamber remaining during the heating process above the heating chamber.
  • This known device has however many disadvantages. In the first place the cooling chamber above the heating chamber is heated more or less durthe heating process thereby increasing time necessary for cooling.
  • Figures 1, 2, 3 and 5 show several complete devices in section and Figures 4 and 6 cooling devices especially adapted for using them in combination with the heatingfurnace also in section.
  • Fig. 1 the furnace 1 is provided with a stuffing box 2 through. which there passes a sliding rod 3 carrying the articles to be heated.
  • the entrance openin 4 for the protective gases.
  • the closure of t e furnace I 1 takes the form of a slide 5 having on the lower side a hollow for the reception of the cover 6 for the cooling vessel 7.
  • the slide 5 is arranged in a box 8 and may be operated by a rod 9 which extends outside the box 8 and is guided for sliding movement by a substantially gas tight stufiing box.
  • the cooling vessel 7 ' is arranged transportably upon a carriage 10. Below the furnace 1 is arranged a device 11 for raising and lowering the carriage 10 with the cooling vessel 7.
  • the latter may be connected to a conduit 12 for the protective gas and has an opening 13 for
  • the device works as follows:
  • the furnace 1 may be charged with articles to be heated from the cooling vessel 7 or in any other way.
  • As the feeding opening is at the bottom of the furnace there will be no material loss of the protective gases in the heated furnace chamber 1 when the chamber is opened for short periods. Considerable amounts of gas cannot escape and explosions are not to be feared, for the protective gas is lighter than the surrounding air, thus preventing the mixture of great amounts of protective gas with the air.
  • protective gas is introduced through the opening 4 into the furnace 1 in such amounts that at the leaks of the bottom closure or at a special opening a small flame is burning This is a guaranty therefore, that the furnace is always filled with protective gas.
  • cooling vessel 7 is then not only closed against the furnace 1 but also protected against the atmospheric air when the vessel 7 is lowered and carried away with the carriage 10.
  • the covert may then also be fastened by the clamps to obtain a better tightening.
  • the burning of the control flame 14 is an indication therefore, that the heated material is always in an atmosphere of protective gas. It is obvious that the cooling vessel 7 may already be filled with protective gas before connecting it to the furnace 1.
  • the furnace 1 When the cooling vessel 7 is removed the furnace 1 may be charged with new material to be heated. By using a suitable amount of cooling vessels 7 the heating and the cooling process may be carried through without dis- 65 turbing each other.
  • the furnace 1 is movable and the cooling chamber stationary.
  • the same numerals as in Figure 1. The same is the case in the devices shown in Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6.
  • the movable furnace 1 In operation the movable furnace 1 is placed over the hole 21 and the material to be treated is raised from below into the furnace 1 by the raising table 22, which is raised so high that it touches the projections 23 of the slide box.
  • the raising table 22 When the heating process is finished the raising table 22 is lowered into the hole 21 filled with protective gas and the furnace slide 5 carrying the cover 6 for the hole 21 is closed.
  • the furnace 1 may then be raised by the raising and transporting device 24 and moved to the next cavit for cooling.
  • a flame 14 for controlling the lling of protective gas in the cooling chamber may also be provided.
  • the device as shown in Figure 3 differs from that in Figure 1 only by a special and more simple construction of the closures for furnace and the cooling chamber.
  • the closures consist of plates 25 and 26 on the frame 17 carrying the material to be hea (1. Slide 5 and cover 6 as used in Figurj 1 and 2 are then avoided.
  • the plate 25 contacts with the lower surface of an annular intermediate member 27 which is thereby pressed against the walls of the furnace around the charging opening, closing it tightly.
  • the cooling vessel 7 When the heating process is finished, the cooling vessel 7 is pressed against the intermediate member 27 by the raising device 11.
  • the upper rim-0f the cooling vessel 7 is provided with a flange 28 constructed in such a manner that it engages with the outer rim of the intermediate member 27, when the cooling vessel 7 is pressed against the furnace 1.
  • the cover plate 26 When the'heated material is lowered into the cooling vessel 7 the cover plate 26 provided wth a conical border engages with a corresponding conical part 27 thereby clos-- ing the opening of the cooling vessel 7.
  • the rod 3 is then disconnected from the frame 17 by means of the coupling 18. It is not necessary to provide for a special fastening device such as clamps for the cover 26, because the weight of the material hanging on the cover 26 provides for a closure of sufficient tightness.
  • the cooling vessel 7 is filled with protective gas preferably before charging it with heated material and connected to the protective gas tube-12 during the transportation and the cooling process.
  • the special vessel As the special vessel is continuously surrounded by protective gas during the heating and the cooling step, no oxidation of this vessel occurs.
  • the special vessel may therefore have thin walls, improving the heat conduction, is cheap, and lasts a long time.
  • FIG. 5 A device of the kind, in -.which impure protective gas may be used, is shown in Figure 5.
  • the material to be heated for example coils of iron 16 is arranged in the interior of an iron pct 32 with thin walls carried by the plate 26, similarly as in Figure 3.
  • the pot 32 may be reinforced by ribs.
  • the protective gas for example illuminating gas, introducted by the tube 4, enters the upper part of the furnace 1 and leaves the latter in the lower part,
  • the heat necessary for the heating process may be produced in the interior of the furnace itself, for example by an electric resist ance, thus obtaining an especially good trans- .fer of heat onto the material to be heated.
  • the cooling may also be effected by steam, naturally only until such a temperature is reached at'which the steam is not yet condensed and other rotective gases, such as illuminating gas, by rogen or the like do not have a bad influence upon the heated material.
  • the steam is replaced by a protective gas, which, for example, is introduced into the cooling vessel in such a manner that it drives the steam out in order to prevent the deposition of Water uponthe heated material.
  • Thecooling is then finished in the atmosphere of protective gas. In many casesit is of advantage to go down to a temperature near the condensation temperature of the steam.
  • the cooling vessel is provided with a jacket passed by cooling water during the whole or a part of the cooling process.
  • the cooling vessel is therefore connected to a gasometer filled with protective gas, so that any-amount of gas may be sucked into the cooling vessel at any time.
  • FIG. 6 shows such a cooling device b way of example.
  • the cooling vessel 7 with water jacket 37, cover 6 and bell 30 in an oil or water filled ring container 31, is provided with a water tube 38 and steam exit 39, and connected to the gasometer 40.
  • 41, 42 and 43 are stop valves 1n the tubes 44, 45 and 46. 47 is a valve in the bell 30.
  • the cross section of the furnace is not limited to be circular as shown in the drawings but may have any desired shape.
  • the invention has proved to be of great advantage for the heating of wires, plates, sheets or the like by electric heating, preferably using electric resistances in the in terior of the furnace for the production of the heat.
  • oxidizing metals such as iron may be used for the resistances and it is possible to employ high temperatures.
  • the invention however also presents great advantages when heating by other means. These advantages are principally the simple and clear operation of the device and the great economy obtained with it.
  • a device for heating metal pieces in an 5 atmosphere of protective gases comprising a vertically arranged heatin chamber, a cooling chamber arranged be ow said heating chamber, means to provide for a relative movement between said heating and said cooling chamber in all phases of the operation and means to provide for a gas-tight connection between said chambers.
  • a device for heating metal pieces in an atmosphere of protective gases comprising a vertically arranged heating chamber, means for supporting the material to be heated in said heating chamber, a cooling chamber arranged below said heating chamber, means to provide for a relative movement between said heating and said cooling chamber in all phases of the operation and means to provide for a gas-tight connection between said chambers.
  • a device for heating metal pieces in an atmosphere of protective gases comprising 35 a vertically arranged heating chamber, a stuffing box in the top part of said heating chamber, a rod slidable in said stufling box, 7 means to fasten the material to be heated on said rod, a cooling chamber arranged below said heating chamber, means to provide for a relative movement between said heating and said cooling chamber in all bases of the operation and means to provide for a gas-tight connection between said chambers.
  • a device for heating metal pieces in an atmosphere of protective gases comprising a vertically arranged heating chamber, a stuffing box in the top part of said heating chamber, a sliding rod in said stufiing box, a frame attachable to said rod for carrying the material to be heated, means carried by the lower end of said frame and serving as closure for the charge and discharge opening of said heatim chamber during the heating process, a cooling chamber arranged below said heating chamber, means to provide for a relative movement between said heating and said coolin chamber in all phases of the operation and means to provide for a 11 gas-tight connection between said chambers.
  • a device for heating metal pieces in an atmosphere of protective gases comprising a vertically arranged heating chamber a cooling chamber arranged below and in gas-tight connection with said heating chamber, a stufting box in the top part of said heating chamber, a sliding rod in said stufiing box, a frame attached to said rod for carrying the material to be heated, means to provide for a closure of said heating chamber during the heating )rocess carried by said frame, means to provide for a closure of said cooling chamher during the cooling process carried by said frame, means to disconnect said frame from said rod and means to provide for a relative movement of said chambers during all phases of o ration.
  • essors vertically arranged heating chamber, a cooling chamber arranged below said heating chamber, means to provide for a. gas-tight connection between said chambers, a stalling box in the top part of said heating chamber, a sliding rod in said stalling box, a frame for carrying the material to be heated attached to said rod, a plate for closing heating chamber during the heating process carried by said frame, a. plate for closing the cooling chamber during the cooling process carried by said frame, means to disconnect said frame from said rod and means to provide for a. relative movement between said chambers in all phases of operation.
  • Apparatus for heating metal articles in an atmosphere of protective gases comprising a vertically arranged heating chamber having an open lower end, a substantially gas tight closure for the open lower end of said chamber, a cooling chamber having an open upper end, the adjacent ends of said chambers being shaped to cooperate in forming a and means in one of said chambers and operable from the exterior thereof for transferring articles from one chamber to another.
  • Apparatus for heating metal articles in an atmosphere of protective gases com- Jrising a vertically arranged heating chamer having an open lower end, a substantially gas tight closure for the open lower end of said chamber, acooling chamber having an a open upper end, conveyor mechanism for movably supporting one of said chambers and adapted to move the same to bring the open ends of said chambers into vertical aline-.
  • the adjacent ends of said chambers be ing shaped to cooperate in forming a gas tight joint between said chambers, and means in one of said chambers and operable from the exterior thereof for transferring articles from one chamber to another.
  • a device for heating metal pieces in an atmosphere of protective gases comprising a vertically arranged heating chamber, stufiing box in the top part of said heating chamber. a rod slidable in said stalling box, means to fasten the material to be heated on said rod. a coolin chamber arranged below said heating chamber, means to provide for relative movement between said heating and said cooling chamber in all phases of the operation and means to provide for a gas-tight connection between said. chamber comprising a ring carried in the upper edge of said cooling chamber, and projecting above the upper edge of saidcooling chamber.
  • a device for heating metal pieces in an atmosphere of protective gases comprising a verticallyarranged heating chamber, a. cooling chamber arranged below said heating chamber, a stufling box in the top part of said heating chamber, a sliding rod in said stufiingbox, a frame for carrying the material to be heated attached to said rod, a plate for closing said heating chamber during the heating process carried by said frame, a plate for closing the cooling chamber during the cooling process carried by said frame, means to disconnect said frame from said rod, means to provide for a relative movement between said chambers in all phases of operation, and means to provide for a gas tight connection between said chambers comprising a ring carried in the upper edge of said cooling chamber and projecting above thenpper edge of said cooling chamber, said ring having an internal diameter less than the external diameter of the aforesaid closing plates.
  • A. device for heating metal pieces in an atmosphere of protective gases comprising a vertically arranged heating chamber, a cooling chamber below said heating cham ber, means to provide for a relative movement between said heating and said cooling chamber and means to provide for a gastight connection between said heating and said cooling chamber, said cooling chamber being provided near its upper edge with an external circumferential channel adapted to provide a. gas-tight liquid seal in coopera-' "tion with a bell-shaped cover during the cooling operation.
  • a device. for heating metal pieces in an atmosphere of protective gases comprising a vertically arranged heating chamber, a cooling chamber below said heating chamber, means to provide for a relative movement between said heating and said cooling chamber, means for supplying protective gases to. said chambers, an means to provide for a gas-tight connection between said heating and said cooling chamber.
  • an inverted heating chamber open at the bottom and supported in an elevated position, a cooling chamber located below said heating chamber for holding the metal before and after annealing, means to provide for relative lateral movement of said chambers to bring the same into vertical alignment, and means for elevating and lowering the metal to be annealed from said cooling chamber into and out of said heating chamber While excluding air from access to said metal.
  • a receiver in said magazine for the metal to be annealed means to exclude air from the top of said magazine, and,

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
US198613A 1925-12-01 1927-06-13 Annealing apparatus Expired - Lifetime US1838015A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1838015X 1925-12-01

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US1838015A true US1838015A (en) 1931-12-22

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SE (1) SE83632C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2556234A (en) * 1941-03-21 1951-06-12 Ohio Crankshaft Co Work expulsion mechanism for furnaces
US2869856A (en) * 1955-08-30 1959-01-20 Greene Ben Furnaces
US3262420A (en) * 1962-03-22 1966-07-26 Galvarplast S N C Coating and oven system including work handling means
FR2016358A1 (en) * 1968-08-26 1970-05-08 Kasermann Et Sperisen Automatic heating apparatus
US4415145A (en) * 1980-06-16 1983-11-15 Firma Dr. Werner Herdieckerhoff Metal charge treatment apparatus
US4610628A (en) * 1983-12-28 1986-09-09 Denkoh Co., Ltd. Vertical furnace for heat-treating semiconductor
US4790750A (en) * 1986-02-12 1988-12-13 Stein Heurtey Automated flexible installation for a rapid thermochemical treatment
US4828490A (en) * 1986-06-12 1989-05-09 Baruch Indig Furnace for dental workpieces
US4858893A (en) * 1987-06-05 1989-08-22 Pierre Beuret Bell furnance and hardening vat arrangement
US4861000A (en) * 1987-06-03 1989-08-29 Pierre Beuret Installation having several elements for heat treatments

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE8206158L (sv) * 1982-10-29 1984-04-30 Hans G Wahlbeck Forfarande och anordning for framstellning av allergifria edelmetallforemal

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2556234A (en) * 1941-03-21 1951-06-12 Ohio Crankshaft Co Work expulsion mechanism for furnaces
US2869856A (en) * 1955-08-30 1959-01-20 Greene Ben Furnaces
US3262420A (en) * 1962-03-22 1966-07-26 Galvarplast S N C Coating and oven system including work handling means
FR2016358A1 (en) * 1968-08-26 1970-05-08 Kasermann Et Sperisen Automatic heating apparatus
US4415145A (en) * 1980-06-16 1983-11-15 Firma Dr. Werner Herdieckerhoff Metal charge treatment apparatus
US4610628A (en) * 1983-12-28 1986-09-09 Denkoh Co., Ltd. Vertical furnace for heat-treating semiconductor
US4790750A (en) * 1986-02-12 1988-12-13 Stein Heurtey Automated flexible installation for a rapid thermochemical treatment
US4828490A (en) * 1986-06-12 1989-05-09 Baruch Indig Furnace for dental workpieces
US4861000A (en) * 1987-06-03 1989-08-29 Pierre Beuret Installation having several elements for heat treatments
US4858893A (en) * 1987-06-05 1989-08-22 Pierre Beuret Bell furnance and hardening vat arrangement

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Publication number Publication date
SE83632C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1935-06-18

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