US1832226A - Furnace for sintering, calcining, roasting, and smoldering of substances and process for working said furnace - Google Patents

Description

NOV. 17, 1931. c, LQESCHE 1,832,226 FURNACE FOR SINTERING, CALCINING, ROASTING, AND SMOLDERING OF SUBSTANCES AND PROCESS FOR WORKING SAID FURNACE Filed Oct. 10, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 In vemar';

fen/s7 C. Lassa/l5 Nov. 17, 1931. E. c. LOESCHE 1,832,226 FURNACE FOR SINTERING, CALCINING, ROASTING, AND SMOLDERING 0F SUBSTANCES AND PROCESS FOR WORKING SAID FURNACE Filed Oct. 10, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 In van/0r: EBA/.3 T C Lassa/46 WWMAW Patented Nov. 17, 1931 'nmvsr over LorisorrE, on IBERLIN-LANKWITZ, GERMANY rUmvAon non smrname, CALCINING, aoas'rme, AND SMOLDERING or SUBSTANCES AND raooEss ronwonxnve'sam FURNACE Application filed October 10, 1928, Serial No.

The inventionrelates to chamber-furnaces in which all particles of material to becalcined are, if possible in continuous working, passing the flame, or zone kept at the required temperature, directly on their way to the furnace, in order to be discharged thereafter, possibly automatically from the furnace. A chamber is for this purposeused, at the one end of which the flame enters preferably from above, being practically producedby means of oil, gas, coal-dustete, while the material to be calcined enters at the oposite side in such a way, that thematerial to be .calcined opposes the flame about in the shape of a crater-like heap. Thecalcined' particles of material are forced over the edge, while the material following-is coming up from the inside of the said heap.

The advantage of the invention consists .20 therein, that the flame only strikes fresh particles to be calcined and consequcntlycan not destroy the walls of the chamber. As the supply of the material to be calcined can be adjusted exactly corresponding to the 'com- 2 bustion and the flame can likewise very easily be regulated, every single particle of material to be calcined will be calcined thoroughly, without having to remain longer in the furnace than necessary. g

The consequence is, that thefurnace will in itself be of comparatively small dimensions and can be made very cheaply."

. Several constructions of a chamber-furnace according to the present inventionhave been illustrated'by way of example in the accompanying drawings, in which:

7 Figs; 1+3 show diagrammatically 8 different constructions, of the furnace in vertical section, v v

Fig. 4 shows another modified construction in vertical section.

In Fig. 1 the calcining-chamber is marked 1, having a raised bottom 2, with a central elevation or hearth 2, walls 3, and aceiling 1. A vertical canal 5 has been provided inthe 311,667, and in Germany October 14, 1927..

bottom 2, through which the material to be treated is conveyed to the, furnace. The canal 5 discharges to the upper surface of the hearth 2'.

A pipe 6 hasbeen passed through the ceiling 40f themfurnace, located opposite the canal 5, This pipe Gserves for supplying the fuel. The pipe 6 is surrounded by a pipe 7,

through which air is admitted. The two pipes 8. and 9, connected to openings in the side-walls 3, serve for the outlet of the flue-gases. The flaps 10 and 11, provided on the side-walls 8, servefor closingopenings through which the ready calcined material can be. removed, after the fiapslO and 11 have been opened. e

- In the construction according to Fig. 2, 1 -6and10 and 11 dcsignate'thesame parts as in Fig. '1. The air is supplied by. two

pipes.1 2,and,l3 provided in the ceiling Lofthe furnace. The discharge of the flue-gases is effected through the pipes 14 and 15, likewisearranged in the ceiling 4. l Inside of the furnace-chamber 1, two annular receptacles 16, 17 have been provided, for water and connected with one another by vertical pipes 18, 19; A steam-boiler is producedin this way, by which the heatof the furnace-chamber is utilized. The produced steam can escape by the pipe 16.

The construction according to Fig. 3 differs from the construction according to Fig. 1 only thereby, that an annular canal 20 has been provided in the bottom 2, being connected with'ring-like gaps21. Part of the combustion-air is supplied to the furnacechamber by way of the annular space and the g p y In the construction according to Fig. 4, the furnace-chamber 1 is provided with a bottom 2, side walls 3,and a ceiling l. 6 is a pipe for supplying the fuel, 7 a pipe for the supply of air. Adjustableopenings 7 have furthermorebeen rovided in the ceiling 4, forthe supply of additional air.

In the side-Walls 3, several outlet-openings 22 have been provided entering an annular canal 23, connected with a smoke-flue 24.

In the hearth 2, a canal 5 has been provided for feeding the material to be treated. The canal 5 discharges to the upper surface in of the hearth 2. The material is supplied for'the feed-water, and a discharge-pipe for the produced steam.

The bottom 2 of the furnace-chamber has a cylindrical elevation 2 projecting from an inclined surface 36. At the lower end of this inclined surface 36 adischarge-opening has been provided, usually held closed by the flap 37. The flap 37 is loaded by a 7 Weight 38. Above the flap 37 a pipe 39 has been provided, through which cold air can be admitted for the purpose of cooling the heated material.

' The working method of the furnace is the following:

The material to be calcined is, according to the construction explained in Fig. 4C, supplied to the bottom of the furnace through the canal 5 by means of the worm 28, and the piston 25, forming there a crater-like heap 40. As soon as a sufficiently high enough heap has been formed, the fire is turned on. The flame escaping from the pipe 6 is directed upon the point of the cone 40. As fresh material is supplied through the canal 5, the

material treated by the flame rolls down over the mantle-surfaces of the cone upon the inclined surface 36 and in this way to the discharge flap 37. The brickwork cannot be damaged by the flame, as the flame only strikes the heap of material 40. The heat produced in the furnace-chamber is utilized in the boiler 33, for the production of steam. The air, supplied through the pipe 39, is warmed by the ready-treated material and serves for the combustion of the fuel supplied by means of the pipe 6. F or treating some suesgxtnces, indirect heating can be employed, d in this case, the supply and the path (f the material to be calcined is so regulated, that every particle which movesthrough the zone of combustion, has the required temperature.

According to the shape of the surface of the chamber-bottom 2 the heap of material 40 can be giventhe form of a more or less high tone, a pyramid or the formof a saddle. In some cases it may be practical to arrange the axis of the cone and the arms of the pipe 6 at an angle to each other.

I claim:

1. In a furnace, an open horizontal hearth adapted to receive the material to be treated, a canal in said hearth for the supply of said material to said hearth, said canal discharging to the upper surface of said hearth so that it'is covered by the material supplied to said surface, a burner above thedischarge opening of said canal, the flame of said burner being directed upon the material.

2. In a furnace, an inclined bottom, side Walls surrounding the bottom, a ceiling supported by: the side walls, an open horizontal hearth projecting from said bottom and adapted to receive the material to be treated, the side wallat the lower end of said inclined bottom having a discharge opening, a canal in said hearth for the supply of said materialto said hearth, said canal discharging to the upper surface of said hearth so that it is covered by the material supplied to said surface, a burnerabove the discharge opening of said'canal, the flame of said burner being directed upon the material.

3. In a furnace, an inclined bottom, side walls surrounding the bottom, a ceiling supported by said side walls, an open horizontal hearth projecting from the bottom adapted to receive the materiahto be treated, a canal in saidhearth for the supply of said material to said hearth, said canal discharging to the upper'surface of said hearth so thatit is covered by the material supplied to said surface, a burner in said ceiling above the discharge opening of said canal, the flame of said burner being directed upon the material,-a circular receptacle for Water in said combustion chamber, said receptacle surrounding the burner, a supply pipe for water and a discharge pipe for steam'arranged on said receptacle.

' 4. In a furnace, an inclined bottom, side walls surrounding the bottom, a ceiling supported by said side walls, an open horizontal hearth projecting from said bottom and adapted to receive the material to be treated,

the side wall at the lower end of said inclined bottom having a discharge opening therein, a canal in said hearth for the supply of said material. to said hearth, said canal discharging to the upper surface of said hearth so that it'is covered by the material supplied to said surface, a burner in said ceiling above the mouth of said canal, the flame of said burner being directed upon the material, a

canal for the supply of air in that sidewall,

which contains the discharge opening, the last-mentioned canal discharging near to said discharge opening so that the air passes the heated materialr o 5. A process for working furnaces, consisting in forcing the material to betreated nature.

ERNST CURT LOESCHE.

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