US1830607A - Mineral fiber paper and process of making the same - Google Patents
Mineral fiber paper and process of making the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1830607A US1830607A US200773A US20077327A US1830607A US 1830607 A US1830607 A US 1830607A US 200773 A US200773 A US 200773A US 20077327 A US20077327 A US 20077327A US 1830607 A US1830607 A US 1830607A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- kelp
- paper
- mineral
- asbestos
- mineral fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 title description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 241000512259 Ascophyllum nodosum Species 0.000 description 24
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000183024 Populus tremula Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical class [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 that is to say Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
- D21H17/30—Alginic acid or alginates
Definitions
- My invention relates particularly to a pa per containing a mineral fiber, such, for example, as asbestos or mineral wool, andthe process of making the same, and which has many advantagesover previous papers made from mineral fibers.
- a mineral fiber such as asbestos or mineral wool
- the object of my invention is to provide a paper containing a mineral fiber, as, for example, asbestos or mineral Wool, but which has very superior characteristics over previous asbestos papers and similar products, and the obj ectis, also, to provide an advantageous process for the making of the same.
- a mineral fiber as, for example, asbestos or mineral Wool
- the paper made in accordance with my in e vention does not require the presence of any vegetable fiber whatever, and, furthermore, can be made with a very much larger percentage of asbestos or other mineral fiber. Nevertheless, a paper made in accordance with my invention has a greater strength, takes a much smoother finish, and is very much more flexible than previous asbestos papers. Furthermore, by reason of the increased strength the large percentage of breakages, as in the'use of previous asbestos papers, is avoided, thus materially decreasing the cost of manufacture and the cost of working the paper into manufactured products.
- the paper made in accordance with my invention has a wide variety of uses and is espe cially applicable to the winding of electric wires and cables, not only by reason of the small percentage of the breakage, but, also, because of the very high dielectric of the pa- Application filed June 22,
- kelp while wet and preferably with the stems removed which comprises approximately 100 lbs. of solids by dry weight, are mixed with 15 lbs. of soda ash, that is to say, sodium carbonate, or anyother form of alkali;
- soda ash that is to say, sodium carbonate, or anyother form of alkali
- These are ground up in any desired kind of appara j jtus for comminuting the same, such, for instance, as a meatthopperl-
- I add a 10% solution of sulphuric acid in water in just suiiicient quantity to neutralize the alkali. This produces a coagulated precipitate which 1s then washed in three wash waters to eliminate the natural mineral salts of the kelp, such asso-dium, potassium, calcium, iodme, bro1n1ne,1ron, and
- the purpose of this stop is to prevent the subsequent crystallization of these salts in the paper, which would interfere WlL-ll the dielectric of the latter.
- the water is then removed from the coagulated precipitant, either in a press to form press-cakes, or in a rotary centrifuge, thus obtaining a kelp product ready for. admixture with the mineral fibers.
- the mineral fibers may be asbestos, mineral wool, or any other desired kind of mineral fiber.
- the web formed fromthe pulp-as above described is put through a super-calender, that is to say, a calender. having rolls heated to a temperature of 115 (1., added strength and gloss to the product.
- a super-calender that is to say, a calender. having rolls heated to a temperature of 115 (1., added strength and gloss to the product.
- Asbestos papers made in accordance with previous processes could not be subjected to the super-calendering step without becoming more brittle and liable to crack so as to tend to make the larger asbestos fibers fall out and thus form perforations in the paper.
- the use of the super.calendering step makes the product softer than before the super-calendering treatment.
- the prooess which comprises forming a paper web from a pulp containing a mineral fiber and a kelp product precipitated therein from alginic acid by a mineral salt adapted to 7 form an insoluble compound therewith, the alginic acid having been pro-..
- the process which comprisesforming a paper web from a pulp containing a mineral fiber and a kelp product precipitated therein from alginic'acid by a mineral salt adapted to form an insoluble compound therewith, the alginic acid having been pro-' so as to give an insoluble compound therewith, the alginic acid having been produced by grinding the kelp with an alkali, neutralizing with an acid, washing, and then removing the water therefrom so as .to form press-cakes.
- the process which comprises forming a kelp product by grinding the kelpwith an alkali, neutralizing the alkali with an acid, washing, and 7 then ,7 removing thev water therefrom.
- An asbestos paper consisting essentially of asbestos fiber and a kelp product formed from kelp, including its alginic acid and algulose which has-been solubilized withan alkali and rendered insoluble with a precipitant.
- a mineral fiber paper consisting essentially of mineral fiber'pulp and a kelp product v formed from kelp including its alginic acid and algulosewhich has" been solubili zed and then rendered insoluble b the addition. of a'mineral acid.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
Description
Patented Nov. 3, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT tiara Y ARTHUR L. KENNEDY, OF KEENE, nnwnniv rsrrmn, assreivon T PLASTIC, Inc, A
' conronnrron or new HAMPSHIRE MINERAL FIBER PAPER AND PROCESS OF MAKING THE SAME No Drawing.
My invention relates particularly to a pa per containing a mineral fiber, such, for example, as asbestos or mineral wool, andthe process of making the same, and which has many advantagesover previous papers made from mineral fibers.
The object of my invention is to provide a paper containing a mineral fiber, as, for example, asbestos or mineral Wool, but which has very superior characteristics over previous asbestos papers and similar products, and the obj ectis, also, to provide an advantageous process for the making of the same.
Previously, in the manufacture of ashestos paper it has been found necessary to include therein a large amount of vegetable fiber, the minimum amount of this fiber required being'usually 40%, in order to avoid continual breakage in the web, so as to produce the desired flow of the wet pulp, to pre vent the web sticking to the rolls, and, fur.- thermore, to avoid producing holes and pool:
' marks in the finished papers. Also, in using asbestos papers made in accordance with previous processes, as, for example, in the winding of electric wires and cables, the manufacturer. found it necessary to count upon a very large percentage of loss due to breakage of the paper in the winding operations.
The paper made in accordance with my in e vention does not require the presence of any vegetable fiber whatever, and, furthermore, can be made with a very much larger percentage of asbestos or other mineral fiber. Nevertheless, a paper made in accordance with my invention has a greater strength, takes a much smoother finish, and is very much more flexible than previous asbestos papers. Furthermore, by reason of the increased strength the large percentage of breakages, as in the'use of previous asbestos papers, is avoided, thus materially decreasing the cost of manufacture and the cost of working the paper into manufactured products.
The paper made in accordance with my invention has a wide variety of uses and is espe cially applicable to the winding of electric wires and cables, not only by reason of the small percentage of the breakage, but, also, because of the very high dielectric of the pa- Application filed June 22,
1927. SerialNo. 200,773.
As one example of my invention, 1000 lbs. of
kelp while wet and preferably with the stems removed, which comprises approximately 100 lbs. of solids by dry weight, are mixed with 15 lbs. of soda ash, that is to say, sodium carbonate, or anyother form of alkali; These are ground up in any desired kind of appara j jtus for comminuting the same, such, for instance, as a meatthopperl- To the mass thus obtamed I add a 10% solution of sulphuric acid in water in just suiiicient quantity to neutralize the alkali. This produces a coagulated precipitate which 1s then washed in three wash waters to eliminate the natural mineral salts of the kelp, such asso-dium, potassium, calcium, iodme, bro1n1ne,1ron, and
sulphur compounds. The purpose of this stop is to prevent the subsequent crystallization of these salts in the paper, which would interfere WlL-ll the dielectric of the latter. The water is then removed from the coagulated precipitant, either in a press to form press-cakes, or in a rotary centrifuge, thus obtaining a kelp product ready for. admixture with the mineral fibers. The mineral fibers may be asbestos, mineral wool, or any other desired kind of mineral fiber.
15 lbs. of the kelp product are then mixed with 100 lbs; of, asbestos, using,'preiierably, asbestos fibers, having a length of ,4,{01' more. If desired, however, a fiber shorter than f. length may be used, although the length fibers are preferred. 2% lbs. of sodium carbonateare then added, as Well as gals. of water, and the kelp mixture is'the'n subiectedto the action of a heater to thoroughly mix the same. When they are or, in fact, any other soluble metallic salt that will produce an insoluble compound with the alginic acid of the kelp. The algulose V which is also present may or may not combine in part or wholly with the said salt. The pulp thus formed s then run into an .ord1-'. nary paper making machine, such, for example, as is used in the production of newspaper print or book papers, and which, 1n
general, comprises a web forming part, a drying part, and a calendering part. Thereafter, the web formed fromthe pulp-as above described, is put through a super-calender, that is to say, a calender. having rolls heated to a temperature of 115 (1., added strength and gloss to the product. Asbestos papers made in accordance with previous processes could not be subjected to the super-calendering step without becoming more brittle and liable to crack so as to tend to make the larger asbestos fibers fall out and thus form perforations in the paper. On the contrary, in the product made in accordance with my invention, the use of the super.calendering step makes the product softer than before the super-calendering treatment.
.While I have described my invention above in detail I wish it tobe understood that many changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the same.
I claim:
l. The prooess which comprises forming a paper web from a pulp containing a mineral fiber and a kelp product precipitated therein from alginic acid by a mineral salt adapted to 7 form an insoluble compound therewith, the alginic acid having been pro-..
duced by grinding the kelp with an alkali, neutralizing with an acid, washing, and then removing the water "therefrom. 2-. The process which comprises forming a paper web from a plup containing asbestos and a kelp product precipitated thereinfrom alginic acid by a mineral salt adapted to form an insoluble compound therewith, the alginic acid having been produced by grinding the kelp with an alkali, neutralizing with an acid, washing, and then removing the water therefrom.
'3. The process which comprisesforming a paper web from a pulp containing a mineral fiber and a kelp product precipitated therein from alginic'acid by a mineral salt adapted to form an insoluble compound therewith, the alginic acid having been pro-' so as to give an insoluble compound therewith, the alginic acid having been produced by grinding the kelp with an alkali, neutralizing with an acid, washing, and then removing the water therefrom so as .to form press-cakes.
5. The process which comprises forming a kelp product by grinding the kelpwith an alkali, neutralizing the alkali with an acid, washing, and 7 then ,7 removing thev water therefrom.
6. The process which comprises forming a kelp product by grindingthe kelp with an alkali, neutralizing the alkali with an acid, washing, and then removing the water therefrom in a press to form press-cakes.
7. The process of making paper which comprises treating kelp with an alkali to solubilize the alginic' acid and algulose, c0- agulating with a mineralv acid,-washing to eliminate natural mineral salts, incorporating fiber pulp with the coagulated material and forming paper therefrom. I I
8. A mineral fiber. paperconsisting essen tially of mineral fiber pulp and a kelp product formed from kelp, including its alginic acid and algulose which has been solubilized withan alkali and rendered insoluble with a precipitant. p I
9. An asbestos paper consisting essentially of asbestos fiber and a kelp product formed from kelp, including its alginic acid and algulose which has-been solubilized withan alkali and rendered insoluble with a precipitant. f U V '10. A mineral fiber paper consisting essentially of mineral fiber'pulp and a kelp product v formed from kelp including its alginic acid and algulosewhich has" been solubili zed and then rendered insoluble b the addition. of a'mineral acid.
In testimony that I claim the foregoing, I have hereunto set my hand this l7thday of June, 1927. a
. ARTHURv L. -KENNEDY.
duced by grinding the kelp with an alkali,
neutralizing with an acid, washing, and then removing the water therefrom so as to form press-cakes. V
4. The process which comprises forming a paper web froma pulp containing asbestos and a kelp product precipitated therein from alginic acid by a mineral salt adapted toform
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US200773A US1830607A (en) | 1927-06-22 | 1927-06-22 | Mineral fiber paper and process of making the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US200773A US1830607A (en) | 1927-06-22 | 1927-06-22 | Mineral fiber paper and process of making the same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1830607A true US1830607A (en) | 1931-11-03 |
Family
ID=22743123
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US200773A Expired - Lifetime US1830607A (en) | 1927-06-22 | 1927-06-22 | Mineral fiber paper and process of making the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1830607A (en) |
-
1927
- 1927-06-22 US US200773A patent/US1830607A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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