US1825594A - Boiler - Google Patents

Description

Filed June 30, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 abbozmq Sept. 29, 1931. w. F. KIESEL, JR 1,825,594

BOILER Filed June 30, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept. 29, 1-931. I w. F. KIESEL, JR 1,825,594

BOILER 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 v Filed June so. 1927 e o o o o o o o o o o o Sept. 29, 1931. I w. F. KIESEL, JR 1,825,594

BOILER Filed June 30, 1927 4 Shevts-Sheet 4 Patented Sept. 29, 1931 wILLiAM IE. KIEsEL; Jim, '01? ALTOONA; PENNsYLiiANIA A enian 516a mile at,

This invention relates to bqilers iincl more particularly to boilers f the ldceinotive type.

It is the general object of the present infi'v'entien to provile a novel zin'd impiovecl composite locomotive type boiler nittkin'g use of the conventional btriel contztining fire tubes and adding thereto a plurality of water tubes arranged to form the firebox;

The-novel feeturesnnd objects of the intention may be'briefiy enumerated as {01- loWs:

1. The arrangement of a fire tube boiler and a Water tube fire boxtogether with a steam clrui'n extending over both the fire box and the boiler and having steztm connections with both parts. 1

2. The use of a one piece foundation ring or mud ring which forms the solesupport for the rear end of the boiler.

3. The use of a pair of t fiterdruins disposed above and parallel t'e the upper surface of the mud' ring whereby the connecting Water tubes are'all 0f the same length throughout. l

1-. The arrangement of Wells of Water tubes connecting the mud ring end-the Witter drums in such manner as to iji'ovide e narrow cldsecl fire box withfialne passages on the outside thereof so that the fire bob? tubes are exposed to the fl-u'ihes onboth side's.

5.'The arrangement of in Water tube fire be entirely closedoff from the coriibiistien spaceet the front en'cl in such a that the flames niust first passrearwarclly" and then reverse themselves and pa'ss'fo'ritardly around the outside 01 the fire box'to reach the combustion cheinber 53nd the. fire tubes.

6. The arrztngeniento'fa plurility of rows of staggered holes in each longitudinal member of the niu cl ring whereby a pair O'fpzirallel rows of contiguous Water tubes may be provided in conjunetion with'eztch longitudinal nienibe'r.

7. The use of flexible supperts'for the mud ring ee-thzit e'zipensionof the boiler, the rear end of which is sup orted by 'tlie mud ring,

is provided for;

8. The supporting of the grztte" ciirriers directly froin the mud ring.

1927. semi No. 262321.

9. The rrangement of the iriii'cl ring so that substiiiitially ill se'ctiens iirecyliiidii- 'calto eliminate stays andstziy baits.

lOpA novel foriii' of reenfor'ciiig at the junction ofthe longitudinal ihe'inbers aiidrifi the intermediate cr'oss member of the mud ring. tli'ei" and further fe ziture's of novelty'net enumefatefd abdt'e \vill be iiierezipp'hreiit tb those skilledji'itheitit frdin eeoiisiderhtioii of the aeeoinpehying. drawings and f0ll6ti ingsp'ecifictption wherein is diseliised a single exemplary embodiment of the invert tionit being understood, however, that siich Changes ma be inade'therein its fell within the scope of the ap ended elaiinswitlidilt Clep'a "ting fi'ointhe spirit of the intention.

In said. drawings:

Fig. 1 is eside elevation of the boiler andfire box of a lo'eonibtiir'e gnawing apertion of th n-me to illiistrete the ln'ltniier of supporting the firebox, the legging and outer casng of the boiler and fire box being reiiriovecl i 1 fig I 2 is a radial s'eetio'n'oh line 2-2 of Fig.6; I I

Fig. is" a horize iitzil sectio'ii thioiighflie firebox on line of Fig; 1 i

l e vertieefl seetidn thro gh the firebox taken onbrbkenliiie 4:4: o'f FigJB;

Fi 6 is' a tr nsvers'e vertical seetioh taken 85 Oirbroken line 6 60f Fig. 1;

Fig; 7 is a fieg ii e'ntziry plan new of {L portion of the ud ring peirtl'j in section on is a seetioh e0'niieeti0if4 1 of Fig.8 is atransteieesectio i of the inter mediate men'i ber of the Ihlil ring tzikeii on line ofFig; 7 end nawing the cente r grate" be'a'rer in position;- V

Fig; 9 is a; section through the internfiecliztte n' einberof the meat riii teke'ii'on line 949' of Fig. emacishowifig' a s'idegrete bearer in positioh Fig. 10 is a fragmentaryhorizontifll Section of a longitu fil'i'nzvl' n'in ber '01"; the in'u'l, ri'iiig' taken on line 10'10' ofFig. 1 and mo showing a center grate bearer position;

Fig. 11 is a transverse vertical section taken on line 11-11 of Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a section taken through the rear member of the mud ring on line 12 12 of Fig. 3 showing the rear support for the center grate bearer; and

Fig. 13 is a view similar to Fig. 12 taken on line 13-43 of Fig. 3 and showing the rear support for a side grate bearer.

N on-articulated steam locomotives for both passenger and freight service have about reached a maximum size. Their height is limited by existing tunnel and bridge clearances; their width by track gauge and side clearances in tunnels and be tween tracks; their length by existing curves and other considerations, and their weight by the number of supporting wheels which can be crowded into their length since the total load must be distributed as equally as possible over the track, the present capacity of which is just about equal to supporting with safety the present locomotive. To increase the power of a locomotive some means must be provided which does not require a further increase in size. The use of higher steam pressures with a greater expansion ratio offers a solution. l ith higher steam pressures, smaller cylinders can be used for the same or greater power, with a consequent reduction in the quantity of water support in .which must be evaporated per unit of power.

Since less water is necessary per unit of power, the total boiler size can be less and the capacity for transferring heat from the fuel to the water can be increased. The present invention contemplates the PIOX'lSlOEl of a boiler which will be eminently satisfac tory for operation with steam pressures of around 450 pounds to the square inch.

The added capacity for transferring heat from the fuel to the water is obtained, not by increasing the number and length of the fire tubes, but by adding a plurality of water tubes which substantially surround and. form the fire box and flame passages from the fire box to the comlnistion chamber and the fire tubes. The flame passages are in- .reased in length so that more heat can be extricated from the fuel and greater economy of operation effected.

Referring to the drawings it will be seen from Fig. 1 that the boiler and fire box construction are shown by way of example to be mounted upon a substantially conventional. locomotive frame 15 supported by the wheels 16. The usual barrel 17 is substantially circular in cross section and is closed at the front end by the flue sheet 18 and at the rear end by the rear flue sheet 19. Between these flue sheets are arranged the usual fire tubes 20 in such quantities as to substantially eliminate the use of stays.

.ring. Likewise opposite The forward end of the barrel is supported in any conventional manner from the locomotive frame 15 as for instance from the steam cylinder and saddle assembly 15 as shown in Figure 1. The rear end is attached to and supported by the foundation ring or mud ring 21 forming a portion of the fire box construction. Extending rearwardly from the top at the rear end of the barrel 17 and having communication with the interior thereof are the two water drums 22 and 22 which extend to the rear end of the fire box. Extending above and centrally of the two water drums is the steam drum. 23 whose rear end terminates somewhat forwardly of the rear ends of the water drums; and whose front end extends over the major portion of the barrel and ends at the throttle chamber 23 which houses any desired form of throttle valve. From this throttle chamber extend the conduit 24: to the superheaters, not shown, or directly to the cylinden-i as desired.

The mud ring 21 comprises a one piece casting composed of the longitudinal tapering, tubular members 25 connected together at their rear ends by the rear tubular mimber 26 and 2: intermediate tubular member 2 cxtenr'ling between the longitudinal members. fit the front end, best shown in Figs. 1 and (3, the longitudinal members are bent inwardly toward the barrel and connected together mechanically by the large saddle flange 28 which is adapted to he securely riveteu and fastened in a steam tight manner to the barrel as best shown in Fig. (3. The longitudinal members have their inturned ends 31 in communicatimi with the interior of the barrel through the o;

29 and the large cut-out portion 30 or the barrel. Between the elbow portions 31 of the longitudinal members arranged the mud collecting cylinder having cointnunication, through the openings 53, wnh the interior of at 34- for the attachment of a blow-off cock. in plan, the mud ring is substantially rectangular having the intermediate connecting member between the longitndirnil sides. This intermediate connecting member and the rear n'ieinber are hollow as are the side members and all the parts are connected ingether to allow a free circulation of water from the barrel into all parts of the mud ring. t each corner, an inspection opening 35, closed by a suitable plug, is provided for assistance in inspecting and cleaning the the ends of the incniate member are provided the openg ised by plugs.

The upper surfaces of the longitudinal members of the mud rings are arranged substantially parallel to the corresponding nn dersurfaces of the water drums 29. The undersurfaces of the longitudinal members of term in s 36 ch the barrel and having prov ion 12;, 50' into the'water-druins, and th-eneebaok to the sets A and 'B -can be Contiguous, as best 345; 155 the steam-drum is by means of the casting trelnely rapid and inorder to prevent the on the'sameside of thefire box. The row lf 'the inud rin g slopet u-pwardly toward the" of thewurved plates 45, bestshown inFigs.

rear and gradnally restrict the Water pas- 2'a-nd 6. They i ornia barrier to keep the sages from the barrel to the'rear of the mud" water which rushes from the water drulns ring to prevent watenhalnineii' The slope into thebarrehfroni spleading untilit is r isa llp rovided in the lower-surfaces inorder well-past theist-ealn inlet 4A- s'o' that 'water -=-that the distance between the upper surfaees---disoharged f-ronr the ch'ulns into the barrel and the -waterdru ns shall he equal at all wi-llnot'blo'ok the outlet therefronninto the positi'ons throughout the length of the drmn's i-stealn druln.

in order *that the conneetingwater-"tubes 37 The fire bOXlS substantiallydefinedand jjIn fJQ BGO-f the'sainel'ength throughout and fOllnGCl bywvatertubes-connecting the lonthus simpler anchoheaper toconstruot At gitudinal-legs of the mud ring to the two the" junction of the intermediate eross-lnem: water drums. *The upper surfaces of the her27 with: the long i-tudinal"membehs 25 loligitudinal-leg's 25 of the-nnud ring are ofthehmdring; reenforoingflanges'38 are providedwith four rows of openingssuitably =1 5 provided asshown in hig. TtoStrengthen bdssed' forthe' reception of water' tubes.

We the*longitudinal -niembers QLIlCl' 'ITRHkG up for These longitudinal"rows! of openin gs have the ni'etal'removed-to allowcommunication their holes alternately -:staggered,i. e. the

between the longitudinal and" transverse- -holesof the firstandthird rows are in the members; All'sections ofthelnud ring are saine transverse alignment are the holes are substantiallycylindrical andhence nostay of the second and tourtln'rowsf This pro- 95 .m:j i e Vides on four' sets ofw'ater tubes which --Thewater drums 22- andQQ are spaced inay exten'd froineaoh leg". 1 As 'viewed in apart asbestshownin- Fig. 5 and'at their Fig. 5 thesesetsanay be designated starting junetion -with the barrel and the rear flue from the outside as A, B, Gfand DJ The rs-sheett9'they are reduced in size and shaped -pipes of the outermost set A extend sub to an elliptical eonfiguration as shown in stantially vertically froin'the" legs and Fig. 6la- =The-barrel is provided with bumpedthen curve inwardly to meet the water drum o'ut'portions'39 toreceivethese drums. The -closet-thereto somewhat below the horizonbumped-ouhportions extend rearwardly o'ftalcenter:line ofthis'drum It 'will be un- :20 the rear-edge 40 of the barrel as shown at ll "derstood that the tubes are expanded in a in order that they m-ay haye a firm attach suitable n'iann'erin eaeh-opening in the mud 1nent to the water dr-ums'a As-best shown in ring and the drum to =torinwater-tight and Figs Q and 6, the-restrieting of the water sh'elinlf t-lgllt "COIIHGCCiOIlSj *Here it may be drums to f0rm their elliptical ends takes mentioned that tlIEWZt-tGT ClIUIDS are "large 35 place entirely on that portion of the drurnsenough 'fOI ZtIDZLI to crawlwithin 'and their within thegen'eral configuration of the bar rearc-losureinembers are removable and conrel -"This=orn1s barriers 42 which'assist in stitute the only manholes in the-boiler and p maintaining the wat'er level in the wat'erthrough thlhilCCGSS may be had to= the indrums-which take'the place of the-usual terior'ot the barrel.

erown s'heet in the-conventional form of -'=The* seoondrow of tubes 'B first 'extend m5;

loeomotivefire-box and insure against these slightly foutwardly' until they *feao'hthe drumsbecomingdryywhere exposed-to th plan'e of the tubes-A whiehthey follow and heat ofthe firey sueh as on down-gradeszare then bent in'wardly "at 46 sothat fthey The normal-level of water is shown in Fig. ineet the sain'e water drum in a row of'holes 4.5 6 and is near the horizontal center'line oat-adjacent to butstaggermt wiflr relation to 'said'waterdrurns. those through whieh the tubes A-enter the 1 The'eimulationof water in the-boilerinaay boiler. It will be seen th'at the -tubes are be briefly stated as from the balrrel into the tapered' at their ends and reduced in diame- Pn1ud ring,"upwardly' through the tubes 37, ter so that the intermediate portions of the I111 barrel. *The water drums neartheir" celrs'hown in Figs 3,=*th us forming a solid wall ters-are connected by pipes 48 to thesteam of tubes between thep'oints 47 and 48. -The udruln 23'as shown in Figs-1 and 5. The staggering of the row's of tubes A "and B w single conneotion betwee'n the barrel' and attheir ends tllOWSf'lllOlE rooln forinetal ro und their'entrance holes and thus the 4A: which makes its entrance into the barrel drums and niud rings are not weakened. just forward of its rear endand just be- 'The row of tubes (l makes almost a flat tween the junctions of the water-drums with surface, lnclined inwardlyhetween the-mud the'harrel The circulation of water is eX- -1ingand the bottonfiwall-Of the water drum i-Hen'trainment of water leaving the'drums by of tubes D follows theroW-C as far as posthe steam enteringthe stean'r drum; sub j'sible to fOrni 'With-it-2fi solidwwall of oonstantialcontinuations (if thewater drums tiguousjtuhes, best shownin Fig; =3 and then 7 -exte'nd past the junction 0f the barrel and at the point 49 inclihe to-ta greater extent F the steamidrulnand are provided by means: and enterthe farwaterklrmnat SOS-Tubes will be seen that the gases and flames D from opposite sides of the mud ring are interlaced at 51 at the top of the fire box and over this interlacing are laid the fire brick 52 to form the upper wall of the fire box. Suitable refractory material is arranged at 53, 54 and 55 between the tubes so that the fire box is outlined by two walls formed of sets of tubes C and D which converge and by the fire brick 55 and 52 and portions of the surfaces of drums 22 and 22 which are exposed to the fire between the tubes. Outside of the combustion chamber there is a passage P on each side which is defined by the wall of tubes C and D on its inner surface and the wall of tubes A and B on its outer surface assisted by the fire brick 53, 54: and 55.

The wall of tubes C D does not extend to the rear of the fire box, as seen in F 3. whereas the wall of tubes A B extends from the rear to a substantial distance beyond the front of the fire box and partly outlines the combustion chamber space 56. Converging walls of fire brick 57 join the walls of tubes A B with the rear end of barrel, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. As is customary, the fire box is covered with refractory lagging and a metal casing which may be seen in outline in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. This refractory material and metal casing may extend over the boiler and steam drum.

The rear wall of the fire box is composed of refractory brick 58 held in position by the water tubes 59 extending vertically upwardly from the rear member 26 of the mud ring and curved to meet the water drums.

A front wall of the fire box, which forms a complete barrier between the fire box and the combustion space 56, is formed of refractory brick 60 resting on the top surface of the intermediate member 27 of the mud ring and retained between a series of curved tubes 61 and 62, best seen in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. The top of the combustion chamber space between the water drums is formed by the refractory brick 63 supported by the tubes 61 arranged horizontally or in any manner preferred between the water drums 22 and 22', as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

The refractories 60 near the bottom thereof may be provided with vertical fiues 66 having connnunicating passages 67 leading into the fire box above the normal fuel level to supply extra air for the complete combustion of gases from the fire. This air may enter through passages 68 in the throat closure refractories 69.

From the construction just described, it of combustion are formed in a fire box chamber closed at the front and top by water tubes which are heated by these flames. The flames must pass to the rear of the fire box where they heat the tubes 59 on the rear wall and then must divide and completely reverse their direction and move forwardly between the rows of tubes A B and C D in the passages P thus heating on the outside of the rows of tubes 0 I), which they have previously heated on the inside. Completing the passage between the two rows of tubes, the divided portions of the flames reunite in the combustion chamber 56 where they heat the tubes 62 and then pass through the fire tubes 20 in the usual manner. The draft is, of course, induced by an exhaust nozzle when running and by a blower when standing in the conventional manner. The majority of the air for the combustion enters through the grates and auxiliary air through the passages 66, 67 and 68.

It has already been pointed out that the rear end of the barrel is attached to and supported by the mud ring. he Whole weight of this portion of the barrel, of the mud ring, the water tubes, the water drums, and all of the fire box, is supported from the frame by means of flexible supports and sliding bearings. The flexible supports comprise the resilient vertical plates 70 and 71 which are attached to depending integral lugs 72 and 73. One of said lugs is integral with the rear transverse mud ring member 26 and the other with. the saddle flange 28 at the forward end of the mud ring. These flexible plates are attached to the frame 15 in any suitable manner, not shown. Intermediate the ends of the longitudinal members 25 of the mud ring are arranged the integral depending webs 74.- to which are attached the T-shaped sliding members 75 which cooperate with slide ways 7 6 secured to the frame. These intermediate slide guides support the main portion of the weight and the flexible members take their share and allow for movement of the mud ring to take care of the expansion and contraction in the whole boiler assembly due to temperature and pressure changes.

In order that the water tubes may be expanded into their respective openings in the mud ring, the bottom surface of 'this ring is provided with a plurality of openings. Preferably one opening of elliptical form is arranged beneath each four tube openings in the longitudinal members and corresponding arrangements may be provided in the other members. Suitable closure means will be provided for closing these openings.

The grate for use in conjunction with the fire box just described may comprise any conventional form of grate bars such as the shaking type shown at 77 and provided with depending shaker arms 78. However, the manner of supporting the grate bars is believed to be novel. The whole grate bar assembly is carried directly by the mud ring. i'eferring to Fig. 3 it will be seen that the grate bars 77 V eachextend'substanti'ally halt center bearer 80. The side bearers comprise substa11tially-=fiat metal straps the mud ring. In Fig. '9 the forward end of the sidebearer- 79 is shownslightly depending and received in the pocket in the lug '81 integral with'the intermediate crossmember '27. *Thepocket is such as to prevent latera -l'movement of the bearer and its end abutting against the intermediate member prevents longitudinal movement. 1 The I rear'end of the side bearer-disclosedin' Fig.

13 has its depending endresting in the pocket in the lug 82 formed integral with the rear transverse" member 26 of the mud ring. The side bearers are kept 1 outof direct contact with the longitudi-nal members'ot the mud; ring by stand-off flanges 92 shown in Figs. 5 and 'll ---The-'center bearer at its front endis reduced in width a'tits lower portion and this reduced part rests'between the lugs 83 projecting rearwardly from' the intermediate member 27 of the-"mudring; as shown in Figs. 3,-7 and The broadportion of the centerbearer rests on top of theselugs as best seen in-Fig. 8." The'rearend of the center bearer is shownas forked in the preseut embodiment in order' to accommodate a typical stolring apparatus 1 although this arrangementis not essential. Theforked ends are mounted in exactly the same manner as the forward end-between lugs 84 as best'shown' in Figs. 3 and 12.

.The center bearer is made in three parts i of deep truss -section as shown in Fig.3, which-have stepped'tongue and groove connections. In order to support) the junction points of the three'psirts-ofthe centerbearer, apair of center bearer supports 85 are resorted to. These comprise transverse truss-like partsqshownin elevation in- Fig. 5 and having vertical" central studs 86 adaptedto be receive'd in' the hollows 87 in the enlarged ends ofthe center bearer -sections'to' retain the same in positionZ-"These center bearer supports have their ends hung in pockets 88 in thelongitudinalmembers 25 of then'md ring asbest show n in Figs. 5 and 11. V p

The grate bars have their redu'ced outer endsreceivedin. holes: 90 through the side bearers: 79: and their :r-edueed inner end re ceived in notche's91 in :the center bearers.

From the above description,'the novel tea tures of the invention will be clearly evident.

It will beseen that the design is extremely simplified, that the mud-rn 1g 1sa unitary" casting-providing means for itsown support,

for the support of all the grate mechanism,

way across the mud ring, being supportedat the outer ends by the side bearers 79and at the innerends by the 1 stands ing on edge and supported front and rear inpockets formed of lugs cast integral with cool'er water-inthe barrel andthus the gas .wasted.

.the fire tubes. e

for the support'ofthe rearend offlthe barrel,

and for the reception of all of the -Water"' tubes and all of the refractory bricks". In

operation, it will be found that the major portion otthe steaming is done in the water tubes and that the fire tubes act to a large extent water-heaters. 811106" the greatest quantity of heat is exchanged when the difierence 1n temperatures of two bodles is at a maximum, 1t will be seen that greater 4 quantity of heat can be taken up by the and flametemperature is reduced to'a minimum before passing up the stackand being above and more or less isolated "from the boiler, is less SLlbJQCt towater whlch may be splashed owing to rapid circulation of the water and to irregularltles in the road bed so that there is almost no entrainment of moisture with the steam. The large steam The steam drum, being entirely drum gives'a large steam capacity for sudden demands. stayl'ess in every respect and isnot provided with manholes which weaken the construction of the barrel. The water tubes form ing the firebox and the surrounding flame .passages'are given a maximum exposure to The boiler-is substantially the heat and hence can extraeta lar e quan---* tity of heat from the flames before they enter 1 Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired-to be secured by Letters Patentis:

1. In a locomotive type boiler, in combi nation, a -barrelhaving fire tubes therein, a

fire box,-'a"water'drum communicating with and extending "from said barrel over said fire box, a steam drum extending over said water drum and o'versubstant ially the full length of the barrel, a connection between valvechamber closing the forwardend of said-steam drum.

" 2. In a locomotive type boiler, in combination, a barrel having fire tubes therein,

' the steam drum and barrel and a throttle a fire box, a water drum communicating with and extendingfrom' said" barrel over said fire box, a steam drum extending over said water drum and barrel and in communica= tion with both the water drum and barrel to take steam therefrom and asteam'outlet from said steam drum remote from its connection 'to said barrel.

3. In a locomotive type boiler, in combibarrel water drum and meansto direct'water passing from said water drum into said barrel awayfrom said'passage and means tubes forming to remove steam from said steam drum remote from said passage.

4. In a locomotive type boiler, in combination, a barrel having fire tubes therein, a fire box, a water drum communicating with and extending from said barrel over said fire box, a steam drum extending over said water drum and barrel, there being a connnunicating passage between said steam drum and said barrel near the junction of said barrel and water drum, said water drum having a continuation extending within said barrel beyond said passage and a steam outlet from said steam drum remote from said passage.

5. In a locomotive type boiler, in combination, a barrel having fire tubes therein, a substantially flat rear tube sheet for said tubes, a fire box of the water tube type, a pair of spaced water drums communicating with and extending rearwardly from the upper part of said barrel and tube sheet, substantially transverse tubes connect-ing said drums, refractory material supported by said tubes, said drums, tubes and refractory material forming the upper wall of a com bustion chamber between the fire box and tube sheet, a substantially vertical wall between said combustion chamber and said fire box extending into gas tight engagement with said upper wall and flame passages only from the rear of the fire box to the combustion chamber.

6. In a locomotive type boiler, in combination, a barrel having fire tubes therein, a rear tube sheet, a fire box having completely closed sides and top, a combustion chamber between said fire box and tube sheet, a substantially vertical wall closing the front end of the tire box and completely separating it from the rear of the combination chamber, and a flame passage below the level of the top of and completely isolated from all but the rear end of the fire box to connect it to the combustion chamber.

7. In a locomotive type boiler, in combination, a barrel having fire tubes therein, a pair of water drums extending from one end of said barrel and in communication therewith, a mud ring extending from said barrel below said drums and having spaced longitudinal members in communication with said barrel, Water tubes connecting each longitudinal member with both drums, said the closed side walls o1 a fire box and defining flame passages outside of said fire box and forming the sole passages from the rear of the fire box to the said fire tubes.

8. In a locomotive type boiler, in combination a barrel having fire tubes therein, a pair of laterally spaced water drums extending from one end of said barrel and in communication therewith, a mud ring extending from said barrel below said drums and having spaced longitudinal members in communication with said barrel, two sets of water tubes extending divergently from each longitudinal member, the outer set being connected to the near drum and forming a flame passage wall and the inner set having alternate tubes connected to the near drum and the remaining tubes to the far drum after passing close to the near drum, said inner set of tubes forming a substantially closed fire box wall.

9. In a locomotive type boiler, in combination, a barrel having fire tubes therein, a pair of laterally spaced water drums extending from one end o1 said barrel and in communication therewith, a mud ring extending from said barrel below said drums and having spaced longitudinal members in communication with said barrel, two sets of water tubes extending divergently from each longitudinal member, the outer set being connected to the near drum and forming a flame passage wall and the inner set having alternate tubes connected to the near drum and the remaining tubes to the far drum after passing close to the near drum, said inner sets of tubes and the parts of said drums only between the tubes of the inner rows forming a fire box.

10. In a locomotive type boiler, in combination, a barrel having fire tubes therein, a pair of spaced water drums extending from one end of said barrel near the top thereof and in communication therewith, a mud ring having a pair of spaced longitudinal members extending from said barrel near the bottom thereof and in communication therewith, a rear member and an intermediate member connecting said longitudinal members, two sets of water tubes extending diver-gently from each longitudinal member, the outer sets extending for substantially the full length of said members, said outer sets being connected to the near drums and forming flame passage Walls, the inner sets extending from the junction of said intermediate member to near said rear member, the tubes of these sets forming fire box side walls and being alternately connected to the two drums to produce an interlaced top wall, tubes connecting said rear member and said drums to form a rear wall for said fire box, and means carried by said intermediate member to close the front end of said fire box.

11. In a locomotive type boiler, in combination, a barrel having a rear tube sheet and fire-tubes therein, a pair of spaced water drums extending from the barrel and tube sheet near the top thereof, a mud ring having a pair of spaced longitudinal members extending from said barrel near the bottom thereof, an intermediate water circulating member connecting said longitudinal members at a distance from said tube sheet, a

water tubes connecting said drums abovesaid combustion chamber, refractory material supported by said tubes, said refractory material extending from said closure to said tube sheet and fori'ning with said drums the top wall of said combustion chamber, a group of water tubes closing the full length of the top of said lire box below saiddrums and means defining a passage from the rear of the fire box to the combustion chamber.

12. In a locomotive, in combination, a frame, a boiler barrel supported at its front end by said frame, a foundation ring flexibly supported from said frame, the rear end of said barrel being carried solely by said ring.

13. In a locomotive, in combination, a frame, boiler barrel supported at its front end by said frame, a foundation ring extending rearwardly from said barrel and supported by said frame, and a saddle on,

said ring supporting the rear end of said barrel and affording a water passage between said ring and barrel.

14:. In a locomotive, in combination, a frame, a boiler barrel supported at its front end by said frame, a foundation ring extending rearwardly from said barrel .and supported by said frame for longitudinal movement only thereon, and a saddle on said ring supporting the rear end of said barrel and grate structure wholly supported by said ring.

15. In a locomotive, in combination, a frame, a boiler barrel supported at its front end by said frame, a foundation ring extending rearWa-rdly from said barrel, means supporting said ring from said frame for longitudinal movement in respect thereto, a saddle on said ring in which the rear end of said barrel is secured to support the same and water passages through said saddie to afford communication between the barrel and ring.

16. In a locomotive, in combination, a boiler barrel supported at the front end, a foundation ring comprising an integral casting including longitudinal tubular members of increasing sectional areas from rear to front, a rear connecting member and a boiler barrel supporting saddle, said saddle forming the sole support for the rear end of the boiler barrel.

17.. In a foundation ring for a locomotive type boiler, an integral casting including longitudinal tubular members, a rear tubular member connecting said longitudinal members, inturned elbows on said longitudinal members and a saddle flange connecting said elbows.

18. In a foundation ring for boilers, in

combination, a tubular member of substantially circular cross section, a second tubular member of lesser diameter joining said first member intermediate its ends and supporting a load, supports for said long member remote from the junction, the hollows of the two members being in communication, and webs in the first mentioned member extending at an angle from the walls of the second member to strengthen the first memher to make up for the material removed to admit the second member.

19. 'In a boiler of the locomotive type, in combination, a barrel, a water drum extending from said barrel, a mud ring member extending directly from said barrel, tubes connecting said drum and mud ring member, said member decreasing in cross section from said barrel outwardly to prevent water-hammer, the top of said member being parallel to said drum whereby said tubes can be formed in multiples.

20. In a boiler of the locomotive type, in combination, a barrel, a water drum extending from said barrel, a mud ring member extending directly from said barrel and adapted to take water therefrom, the upper surface of said member being parallel to said drum whereby a plurality of water tubes of the same length may be interposed between the drum and member, said mem ber having its under surface converging toward the upper in a direction away from said barrel to prevent water-hammer.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

WILLIAM'F. KIESEL, JR.

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