US1824455A

US1824455A - Dust collector or separator

Info

Publication number: US1824455A
Application number: US81369A
Authority: US
Inventors: Whitmore John
Original assignee: Davidson and Co Ltd
Current assignee: Davidson and Co Ltd
Priority date: 1923-05-03
Filing date: 1926-01-15
Publication date: 1931-09-22
Anticipated expiration: 1948-09-22

Description

Sept. 22, 1931.

J. WHITMORE DUS'ILCOLLECTOR OR SEPARATOR Filed Jan. 15, 1926 form WHITM one,

Patented Sept. 2 2, 1931 I-UNIJTED STATES PAT E-NT OFFICE JOHN WHITMORE, OF BELFAST, IRELAND, ASSIGNOR 'iO DAVIDSON & COMPANY LIMITED, OF BELFAST, IRELAND DUST COLLECTOR OR SEFARATOR Application fled Jan-nary 1 5, 1926, Serial No. 81,369, and in Great Britain August 14, 1925. I

This invention relates to dust collectors or separators and the like more particularly of the kind in which a tubular outlet such as'a chimney passes through or into the separating chamber and has for its object to provide means designed to reduce and overcome the resistance set up by and due to the whirling body of air or gas within the apparatus in such a manner that the escape of such air or gas from the interior of the collector may, after the dust has been separated therefrom, be more readily effected.

An arrangement according to my present invention comprises stationary guide vanes arranged in the tubular outlet or chimney,

so that the body of air or gas inside the col- -lector or separator casing which is in a whirling or vortical condition is, by means of the said vanes, caused to flow in a sub stantially linear path parallel to the axis of said outlet, with the result that the whirling motion or action which would otherwise take place in the interior of the outlet, is entirely eliminated.

In carrying the invention into effect, the stationary guide vanes may be arranged in different ways, .and each or all of the subsequent forms or arrangements herein referred to may comprise any desired number of vanes which may be set-at any de sired angle with relation to the axis of chimney or outlet from the dust collector or separator. If desired the lower edges of the vanes may be closed to the passage of air or gas in a irection parallel to the axis of the outlet, or may be fully open, except for fixings, such as shallow conical rings which may be used for constructional purposes,

with the object of allowing the air or gas to pass upwards through the chimney in the usual manner, in the event of such air or gas being by-passed and not in a state of whirl or vortex.

Various constructional forms according to the invention will now be described as exkind shown in Fig. 1, but in which the chimney extends to a certain distance through the roof of the collector and does not reach to the floor of the same;

Fig. 4 shows another modification of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1; g Y Fig. 5 illustrates a set of guide vanes consisting of vanes of different lengths and having suitably curved tips.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 5 of the drawings, the form of the invention shown herein is applicable to a chimney 1 of constant diameter or cross section which passes vertically through the collector or separator casing 2, the vertically disposed inlet wand 7 outlet from the chimney being indicated at 1A and 1B respectively. The apparatus according to the present invention consists of a number of radially disposed vanes 3 arranged at an angle with respect to the vertical central line of the chimney indicated by the dotted line 4, the vanes projecting simultaneously in an outward direction as shown, and having their outer tips 5 curved in such a manner and at such an angle as F-l to cause the whirling air to fiow over the surface of the same and its direction of flow to be changed from a rotary motion to a linear motion (Fig. 5).

According to the arrangement described 55 above, the form of the vane surfaces as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 is rectilinear when expanded, and as the said vanes 3 are arranged at at angle to the vertical axis 4 of the chimney their upper edges will projectsome distance beyond the exterior of the chimney 1 or outlet from the separator or collector, except in the construction illustrated in Fig. 4. The said upper edges of the vanes which thus project are covered by a truncated conical member (3,the conical part of which is .firmly secured to the upper edges of the vanes and the vertical part to the wall of the chimney 1. In order to render the structure still more rigid and robust the lower edges of the vanes 3 may be secured at their outer ends also to the wall of the chimney 1 by means of a truncated conical member 7 as clearly shown in Fig. 1. In addition, a shallow truncated conical member 8 having a considerably smaller diameter than the member 7 may be secured to the undersides of the vanes 3 to further strengthen the structure.

In operation the dust-laden gas or air admitted at high velocity through the tangential inlet 16 of the collector or separator casing 2 moves with a whirling motion round the exterior of the chimney 1 thus effecting the separation of the dust and grit from the said gas or air. As the solid particles are separated by the actionl of centrifugal force the purified gas whirling round the chimney l is engaged by the curved tips 5 of the vanes 3 and is thereby caused to flow through an outlet from the separator casing 2 constituted by the openings between the outer ends of the vanes 3, as indicated at 17 in Figures 1 to 4. Thence the purified gas passes along the surface of the vanes and up the chimney 1 in a substantially linear direction.

In the modification shown in Fig. 2the same form of guide vanes may be employed as is illustrated in Fig. 1, but instead of the diameter of the chimney 1 being constant throughout the vertical depth of the dust collector or separator casing 2, the portion 9 of the chimney arranged below the guide vanes has a somewhat smaller diameter than the part 10 above the guide vanes.

In this construction it will be seen that the lower edges of the guide vanes 3 project somewhat beyond the wall of the lower part 9 of the chimney. The said projecting part of the lower edges may in this case be suitably secured together by means of a shallow truncated conical member 11.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 3 the chimney 1 extends downwards through the top of the casing 2 and terminates in an open lower end at a distance from the floor of the casing about equal to half the height of the said casing. In this arrangement the vanes 3 are secured to the lower end of the chimney 1 entirely by means of the "truncated member 6, while the truncated conical members? and '8 are utilized merely for the to the chimney 1 may remain constituted by the openings 17 between'the outer ends of the vanes, as in the constructions shown in Figures 1 and 2.

Referring to Fig: 4 the arrangement shown therein is a modification of that shown in Fig. 1, but .in this case the upper edges of the vanes 3 do not pass beyond the wall of the chimney 1, and are therefore secured at their outer ends by means of a flanged conical member 12 specially formed so as to enable the said upper edges to be firmly secured to the wall of the chimney 1. The securing

members

7 and 8 on the undersides of the vanes may be secured and function in a manner similar to the corresponding members shown in Fig. 1. I

Referring again to Fig. 5, a set of vane is illustrated herein, consisting of alternating long and short vanes 13 and 14, the curved outer ends of all the vanes being similarly formed and functioning as described above; the inner ends may be firmly secured to the truncated conical member 8, for the sake of mechanical stiffness and strength. If desired the whole vane system may be cast in one piece and thus form a homogeneous entity, composed of the

parts

3, 6, 7, 8, as shown in Fig. 1, and 13 and 14 in Fig. 5. Any desired number of short vanes may be arranged between each pair of long vanes, and it is not necessary that all the short vanes should extend inwards for the same distance towards the centre, but some may be considerably longer than others according to circumstances.

In all of the arrangements described above the truncated conical members securing the assemblage of vanes may be constructed in such a manner as to permit of the gas or air being by-passed direct from the flue through the chimney or from the interior of the dust collector br separator through the chimney or outlet from the collector, in which 'case the said gas or air would not be in a state of whirl and consequently the said vanes would not be required to rectify the gaseous current.

In the following claims the term gas is to be understood as including air, vapor, and fluid currents such as smoke consisting of a mixture of gas or vapor and solid particles. By converting the direction of the air without turbulence I am enabled to seabruptly, in an improper manner, turbulence will be set up. This results not only in imperfect operation of devices of this class, but also in excessive use of power for the performance of the given task as the presence of shock and turbulence in the air stream requires power to overcome this resistance, set up by the turbulence.

WVhat I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In dust collectors, separators and the like, the combination with a chimney of constant cross section passing through the casing of the apparatus, of a number of pyramidally disposed vanes therein, the upper edges of the vanes projecting beyond the wall of the chimney on the outside thereof and a truncated conical member securing the said upper edges of the vanes to the wall stant cross section passing through the casingof the apparatus, of a number of pyram- ,idally disposed vanes therein, and a trun- 6. In dust collectors, separators and the like, the combination with a vortex chamber of a tangential inlet for the dust laden gas, 'a number of pyramidally-disposed guide vanes arranged in an outlet substantially in the same plane as the inlet, the outer peripheral ends formed into guide vanes, said vanes being closed on their under edges and extending beyond the wall of the outlet into the interior of the outlet and the outer ends of the vanes being curved.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature.

' JOHN WHITMORE.

a line coincident with the axis of the chimney, and the shorter vanes being connected together at their inner ends by a conical ring to which the long vanes also may be attached.

4. In dust collectors, separators and the like, the combination with a vortex chamber of a tangential inlet for the dust laden gas,

a set of guide vanes arranged in an outlet in substantially the same plane as the inlet, the outer peripheral ends on the vanes arranged so that the purified gas is guided by the vanes into the outlet without reversal of direction and without shock, said outlet comprising a chimney continuously passing through the vortex chamber and communicating with said chamber by an opening in which said vanes are arranged.

5. In dust collectors, separators and the like, in combination with a vortex chamber of a tangential inlet for the dust laden gas, asset of guide vanes arranged in an outlet substantially in the same plane as the inlet, the outer peripheral ends on the vanes so arranged to guide the purified gas into the passages formed by the vanes without reversal of direction and without shock, said vanes projecting inside the tubular outlet with their edges uncovered except for fixings for constructional purposes.