US1822540A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 8, 1931. c. .1. OHLSSON- OIL BURNER Filed May 8, 1929 Patented' Sept. 8, 19'3'1 UNITED srATl-:s

Pa'rlsN'lv [OFFICE f CHARLES J'. OHLSSON, 0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK; ABSIGNOB TO PARAMOUNT OIL BURNERS, INC., F NEW YORK, N.

Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE OIL BURNER Appneauon mea mi s., 192s. semi 110.361.402.

This'invention'has reference to fuel oil burners and appertains more especially to the type thereof capable of burning waste-and refuse oils.

.. One object of the invention is to produce an -improved burner wherein a heat conveying v'and atom1z1ng fluid is so1nt1matelyassoc1 ate'd with a combustible fluid intheir passage thru the burner as to effect perfect vaporiza- "tion of the last named fluid still- Without the same commingling with the first mentioned fluid except to a limited extent at the place y y Where both of these fluids issue jointly.

, Another object is the production ofl a burner so arranged that the course or direction followed by the fuel oiland the atomizing` steam is interchanged to cause intense pre-heating and vaporization of the former in advance of the issuance thereof.` y

A further object -consists in producing a burner having inter-changeable elements ori- J'iced to suit different grades of fuels and pressures.

Still another object is to provide: a burner A so constructed that an inner column of whirling oil vapor issuing in rearof subdivided jects of steam communicates-a like activityto the latter which in turn impart the same motion to the air immediately in front o f the junction of the steam and vapor streams, to render complete and noiseless combustion of A still further object resides in providing a burner with nozzle and'vaporizing parts designed to retain one another in operative position, and capable besides of being quickly' detached or vreplaced without disturbing the oil and steam supply connections. y

An additional object is the provision of a lengthwise extending oil-strainer carried by one of the fuel comminuting and vaporizing parts of the burner.

A general object is to furnish a quiet and economically operating burner, composed of few, simple and strong parts; not liable to get out of Working order; capable of being rea-dily assembled or taken apart for inspection, cleaning or repairs; and amenable besides to low cost of manufacture.-

Other objects and advantages of the invenvmore full kscri tion h part be obvious and in part be broughtvout in the detailed deereinafter contained.

tion will in e invention consists vin the various combins-tions and subcombinations of elements,

arrangements and interrelative disposition of parts and pecuha-r features of construction pertaining to the improved device herein described and defined in the appended claims.

A practical embodiment of the invention is illustrated on the drawing hereto annexed wherein- Figure IV is a longitudinal section of this l Fig. IV is a face viewpof an orificed ele ment shown in Fig. I;

Fig. V is a face view of a flow interchanging member, also seen in Fig. I, tooking from right towards the left thereof;

Fig. vVI isa view similar to Fig. V of the same interchanger, but'looking from left towards the right thereof; and

Fig. VII 1s a face view of a spacer also appearing in Fig. I.

spray. With the inner chamber or steam.

conductor isassociated another but internal member serving to change the central course initially followed by the'steam into several paths furtherout or away from the single one, while in parallelism therewith. The oil on the other hand is deflected coun` terwise i. e.from an outer divided flow to an inner unitary and whirling stream. 'I'he coss I the outer A. so Briefly described the invention asit exists 1n the embodiment thereof herein exemplified 'l zo Therefore,'let it be understood that the acoperation of the external and internal memi bers is such that the different streams of oil i and steam received from the last named member, maintain their respectivedirect-ions of flow in issuing by way of the external member until these streams commingle with the air necessary for the combustion of the atomizedl or vaporized liquid h dro-carbon.

Obviously the greatest nefit will be delrived from the invention by using it in its entiret after the manner hereinabove explaine alt-ho it may be noted that an opera` n tive device of acceptable design may be produced by employing a less number of arts,

with correspondin l diminished a vantages. Further, it w11 be observed by experts familiar with inventions of analogous import, that the coacting members and elements erein disclosed are susceptible of various modifications having the same end in view.

` -companying drawings are offered b way of f Y resenting the sole means o example lonlyand are not ut fort as repreducing the invention to practice.

Referring now to thelviewsof the annexed- I y, drawings fora detailed description of the in# the right hand end of sleeve 17 has formed.

therein an enlarged recess 19 also threadedy on the inside thereof as indicated at 2O Fig. I).

A tube 22 for conducting steam or other atomizing agent, has incorporated in the exterior surface thereof, for a portion of its length, screw threads 23 adapted to engage those on the interior of the combined shank and sleeve (16, 17) so as to be guided and held rigidly thereby. At 25 is represented a glandular nut provided exteriorly thereof with screw-threads 26 capable of entering threads in the recess 19. The inner extremity of gland-nut serves to force a packing washer Q9 against the bottom of said recess 19 as well as to cause this washer to expand and fill up interstices occurring in and between threads 20-26, thus sealing against leakage around the place last mentioned. Forcible screwing'up of the shouldered art of said sleeve 17 against the square end face 30 of casing 11, makes a joint of sufficient tightness therebetween. Tube 22 extends outwardly beyond nut25 and has its extremity 31, which is reduced in size, screw-threaded for a suitable coupling to connect the tube referred to with a pri-mary steam supply or-generator (not shown) entia portions,

bottom of pocket 40 lead an outwardly di provided interiorl thereof, for a certain epth, a smooth cylindrical bore 32 which ter-. Inmates in an abutment 33. Within the seat thus` roduced is lodged by their circumfer "l vIn the other end of 'the casing` 11' there is a flange 35 and in close adthereto, a disc element ,36, in the order acenfy name Vfrom abutment 33. The flange mentioned constitutes an annular enlargement to the reduced body-portion of what may be termed a direction flow interchanger 38, the r purpose whereof will hereinafter be more f ia,l fully explained. Member 38 is provided witl o co-axial non-communicating pockets, which the front or 'left hand one 39 'is of slightly smaller proportions than pocket 40 which is turned towards the interior of the said casing. The opposite inner and outer faces of flanges 35 and plug member 38 are formed Y with annularV grooves 42 and 43, respectively, larger than the onev first named. `From the vergent manner vto the l front groove, 43', I plurality of yconduits 45, while rfrom thejan ner groove 42- run passages 47 that terminat' at the outer face vof lian 35, in channels 4 which partake of an mwardly tangential of which the latter is somewhat course relatively to and issue into the smallerl l and frontwise Ifacing pocket 39. In' close juxtaposition tothe e -hand or forwardly facing surface 'of said interchangerV (35f38 is laced the aforementioned element 36.

This disc hasincor orated therewith a multiplicity of circular y disposed, spaced apart orifices 50 arranged so as to register with the roove 43 in the face of flange 35. Centraly thereof the said disc is provided with an a erture 51 aligning'V and in communication with the smaller pocket 39. Y

Both the orificed discv V36 and the flanged member @i5-38) are retained within vthe cylindrical seat (3Q-33) by a nozzle member 53 the rear-face whereof overlies and 'abuts the front side of the disc-element 36. Embodied with the nozzle in question are body and rim portions 55, 56 respectively. The portion last referred to, is positioned closely adjacent to the casings squared front end 57 being held thereagainst by a circumfer- .ential lip 58 formin part of a sleeve or union nut 59 that threadmgly engages threads 13 on the said casing. Lip 58 in impinging upon rim 56 forces the nozzle member hard against and clamps the disc and the therewith coacting plug member (35--38) in their assigned positions. The pressure of the member 53 on the disc-element 36 makes the latter snugly hug the face of the flange 35 so as to close the frontwise open channels 48. A groove 61 of a size corresponding to and aligned with Vthe groove 43 and the orifices 50 is formed on the rear or inner face of the nozzle member 53. Body portion 55 of the last named member is interiorly provided with an outwardly ilaringnorconically shaped throat 63. Communicatin with groove 6l and extending substantial y in parallelism with the central axis Vof throat 63 are lural ducts 64 the outermost limits whereo make obli ue intersections -With the ta erin or bevel ed interior g A' surface of the sai throat. The central aperture 51 in the disc 36 is disposed substantially .glu

. Supplied, fittin porting inthe' 46 clogging :up the minutely fine conduits, chan-. v

, in the casings side `wall into the collar-fr in the middle of the inner or bottom end of the throat 63.` .The edgel at the mouth of the inwardly facing ocket 40 is.. contacted allthe way around ing the rward end lof a mouth-piece 67, which headzproducesa, crush joint against the said edge.' Element v67 has its inner or rear portion threaded so as to screw inside of the left hand extremity of the steamtube 22, and.i running .thru the head and threaded partof saidelement is a straight'opening 68 which is of a contracted dimension with re specty to the internal diameter ofthesaid tube. The liquid'fu'el'is conducted under pressure intothe casing 11 by means` of a nipple secured in an appropriate manner or shell.

With the object of preventing the tube 22 from sagging that is, to keep its steam-.delivering mouthpiece inoperative alignment with the axis votjthe pocketv40,a collar 72 is thinthe casing vand supof the tube 22 itsfb'oreso the oil touninterruptedlyjpassto the4 end of the said casing. In order to preclude impurities or se ment carried in suspension by the oil from nelsand ducts,'a. strainer 75 isfurnished. The lforward end of this foraminousshell is preferabl made of close-mesh Wiregauze,

and is a Xed to Vthe. reduced plug or rear portion of the member 38 so as to be sustained therefrom. The' innerjend of the aforesaid gauze'mantle is closed by a ring 76 the vcentral opening whereof takes snugly.

over the exterior smooth surface of the tube 22 to block gritty 1 oil from entering the strainer around theplace offeonta'ct lastrelferred to. Otherrings, 78 'spaced along the seV interior of the before mentioned strainer -mouth, serve to steady and hold the walls thereof fromv collapsing or becoming` dented. These last named rings altho smaller than the tube centralizing collar 72, are provided with similar internal grooves 79 as the latter to admit of the strained oil flowing past them. The relatively large area of the mantle affords the same prolonged duration of service before the meshes thereof require cleaning to remove obstructing dirt adhering thereto.

r In operation of this burner, the atomizing medium, such as steam, for viscous and y a semi-ball shaped head 66 formv o vet?) or the com way .thru the said orifices 50.

vissue by wayl medium heavy hydro-carbon oil, on itsI way thru the tube 22, gives u part of its heat to the 1i uid fuel surroun ing the said tube within t e casing 11, thus pre-heating the oil fuel to a certain extent. l'I 'he velocity of the steam is accelerated somewhat in passing the contracted 'opening 68 in the mouthpiece 67.' Subsequent to having entered the rear pocket 40, this steam Hows thru the con duits 45 into the annular groove 43 in the direction interchangin member 3 8. The steam becomes slight y wire-drawn and therefore superheated in goin thru the last mentioned groove and the ori disc 36. No matter how the latter is positioned relatively to l'either the said groove member 53, t e steam will alwa s find its Finally, the

anion groove 61 in the nozzle ces'50 in --the V i* steam collected inthe said grooves "`61 willsgg;

the daring t roat 63.

ing 11 under pressure, being conducted thereinto by the branch nipple 70. It then passes the gauze strainer 75 leaving impurities in the oil on the outside of the latter. The

of the straight ducts 64'intoV The oil as. before stated," enters the caslpassages 4'( communicating with the receiv- `ing groove 42 conveys the oil thruthe tangential channels48uinto the front pocket 39 imparting to-theoil which hasbecome highly heated, a whirling or rotativemotion.` By reason of the fact that the oil in the passages llowsin a ,-f1nely `sub-divided state and in close proximityto:thehotsteam but withi joutfinixing;therewith, thiSoilfi-fof-the lightmedium `vplatil rietiegissuesas a nearly so edise-el'ements ape'ltUlt@.A A`ry,rnotior'i of f the vapo'rous'oil con the surrounding air `into thefsv'vir'l,such'aetion persisting at a.

tue of the reason that the steam,f\vhicli' in the first place flowed in a central directionwith regard to thexenveloping'oiLhas been made to change positions with the latter, the steam surrounds the conical jet of the atomized or gasified oil and is effectively entrained therewith. pipe 22 cannot radiate its heat to the surrounding atmosphere, but this heat will be transferred to the oil, until the steam is shifted to issuing position. After the burner conside rabl'ev distance away from the burnernOZZle 53;; By-vir- The steam Within the' flowing therethru.

- changes may be made 1n the departing from the has been in o eration for a short while, the reaction of t e flame raises the temperxature of the said nozzle 53, so that any entrained moisture in the steam will be re-evaporated. The burning stream of vapor pro duced by this device is of intense white heat and reaches out at a considerable length from its nozzle, making practically no noise even when operating under full ressure. The means for regulating each of t 1e aforenamed mediums, has not -been specifically illustrated, but it will be understood that cocks or valves are to be included in the pipe lines conveying the respective fluids to the burner in question.

It is only a matter of a fewminutes of time,'

when .i t becomes necessary to clean the burner, to unscrew the. sleeve-nut 59 and remove the therewith associated throat member 53. The

orificed disc and the flow interchanger 38 may d then be pulled out of: their seat 32 and a fineA wire-rammed thru the various conduits there-- in; Rinsing the strainer in a bath of light grade hydro-carbon liquid, such as benzine,

will generally loosen the deposits of dirt lodged in the interstices of its meshes. While it is conceivable that the disc 36 can be dis- ,v pensed with, i. e. the grooves 45 and 6l may be placed in direct apposition, without the intermediary of the said disc, it is more economical to discard a comparatively low priced disc than to substitute both the members 38--53 when worn` out by the oil and steam Moreover, -certain fuel oils requireorificefs of divierent calibre than others, and it isl of considerable convenience for the user of the burner to have on hand "such discs having the most advantageous number and sizes of orifices and apertures, in order to obtain the highest efficiency of combustion. l

In its broader aspects, the invention herein disclosed is not limited to the precise fea-y tures of construction and arrangement of' parts shown and described, nor to any articular structural make-up or design by w ich it can be reduced to practise as numerous vantages.

Having now described my invention, what I'claim as novel therein, and` desire particularly to protect' by Letters Patents of the United States, isz- 1. A burner comprising a casing thru which passes a combustible Huid, a conductor for an atomizing fluid axially disposed within said casing, a nozzle, and means for convey' ig the atomizing fluid from an inner to ando? te'r and the combustible lluid from an details without rinciples of the inven: tion, or even sacrificing any of itsgchief ad ranged exterior andv interior chambers for oil and steam respectively, a member adapted to receive said fluids and provided with ducts serving to change the direction of flow of the oil from an outer to an inner path and that of the steam reversely thereto, and a nozzle formed with means to discharge the steam outwardly beyond the discharge point of the 4. A burner comprising exterior and irl-- terior ahnularly arranged chambers -or oil and steam respectively, a member lodged in the outer end of said exterior chamber and adapted to receive said fluids, said member being provided with ducts serving to change the direction of flow of the latter from an outer to an inner course for the oil and reverse- 1y for that of the steam, a nozzle member having a flaring throat said nozzle being formed to discharge the steam ob'liquely in advance of the oil from said member.

- 5. A burner comprising a casing, a steam i pipe therein, an inlet for oil into said casing around said pipe, a nozzle at the outer end of the casin affording segregated outlets for the oil an steam in advance one of the other,

a member rovided with ducts communicati ing with t e respective steam and oil pipes `and the respective outlets for interchanging of flow of the aforementionedthe axial ath fluids, andj an apertured disc between the nozzle and the member, communicating with the passages in the nozzle and member.

the apertures of the disc Signed at the borough of Manhattan in the I county of New York and State of New Yorl this 1th day of May A. D. 1929.

' CHARLES J.y OHLSSON.

outer tp aii inner path, thereby interchan ing nbe oftheir issuance.

ainam positions of both of said aai s in ad 65 1. A, burner comprising annularly ar-

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