US1815687A - Cargo ship - Google Patents

Description

July 21, 1931. E. H. wA'rTs CARGO SHIP File 001:. so, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 irnuT inUUUUU INVENTOR Edmund H. Wafis' l a U rLFLL HUUFLFL m HUrQUHHUHUU]. h SrLFLUrLrLEUEFLFLFLEFLEUFLEEU July 21, 193 1.

' SHELTER DECK UPPER DECK O RTA BLE E. H. WATTS CARGO SHIP Filed 001:. so, 1929 LOWER DECK 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 PORTABLE lNV E-NTOR munql': H. WaHs 224. M.

ATTOR' YS July 21, 1931'? E. H. WATTS 1,815,687

' CARGO SHIP Filed Oct. 30, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 PORTAJBLE. o

SHELTER DECK? UPPER 05cm? LOWER new? ppm-Anya 02 K SHIP-S BOTTOM? INVENTOR Edmund H. WaHs July 21,1931. w fi-s 1,815,687

CARGO SHIP Filed Oct. 30, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 -July 21,1931. E. H. WAII'TS 1,815,687

CARGOSHIP Filed Oct. 30, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR Edmund HWGHS CARGO snip Y "A plication filiigOictoberBO, 1929,5Sefia1 No. 4o3,424,ana Great Britain February 19, 1929.

7 I V invention" relates to the construction ofshipsimore particularly cargoboats, and

has for its; object. an improved ship constructi'on adapted to facilitate theloa-ding andun- V s load'ing and stovvage of Wheeled vehicles; es;

pecifall'ybul k consignments ofnew motor vean -a m rof the invention being ide o 7 to, provdefi "a ships' construction cfapable of takingafl large consignment 'o'f'vehicles or cars p A, foreyrpeak hold lsavailable for wheelecl 1o asthe" 'Wlidle" mariir' portion of the cargo V whilstgpreservingthecapacity of the ship to return; voyage? accept other cargoes; as for example i on the I hull and bulwarks) of the ship isprovided with a plurality of gangxvay"doorsicertain of Whichbpenvto:t'lcwer deck or decks. ,For loading purposes; these doors .commumcate with" g-angavaivs or brows leadmgjirom' the' clock, the g angWays and doors being of sufiicient' Width toraccommodate the maximum ofca-r orvehi'cle for which the ship is desrgned A permahent; decks; while; intermediate these deeks and/eriintermediate the lower deck and the ship 's bottom, :oportablef or removable i deksare provided supported' upon --perma '35 'n'ent'or semi permanent girder or other Yhatch way or" plurality oif hatchways.

eoflgangyvay or brow-1 arranged atf'a suitable j angleorigradi'ent forthe Wheeled passage of flalcar or veliicIe Y*jla i V h p'ortable or permanentdeck below the shelter deck isprovidediwith hatchways or:

4-5 openings to: give conmiimication between 'gangvvays; According" to the preferred; are

rangenie-ntrthe communicating? gang'ways are located laterally adjacent one another and 'zig=zag-1-fashio1r; i Thepermanent and port- 'G eble decks are built clear so that cars. may.

fiirther f the-invention is't'o provide 15' arrangements such that the cars or vehicles mayhef loadedlby'aid o'ff their' own power or wheeled 0n*'bo'ard and" for stowage purposes ship" isfbuil t with one', tw or more :mmeworks, ,EaChi deck-"is formed:

able" means beinglprovided for securing or anchoring cars to the decks or othfer fix- 1 o ,o

s .4 According to the preferred design the,

ship: is built vvith the engine and boil e'rrooms aftflso that the Whole of the Waist of the ship from the after bulkhead to the fore peak or cargo.

9 In carrying the invention into'efiect' eiccording to one convenient mode, by Way "of example, a ship is built with its engmeand boiler rooms aft, as above indicated and The portable deck iscarried by beams ancl 7i1 I cross girders supported upon stan'chions-,'

Where. necessary, so as tol'form .a skeleton framework upon whichthe portable deo'kj can reniovaloly be laid; The stanchion may be detachable or displacelable' by hinging" to facilitate dismantling the portable decks when the ship is required for other cargoes.

v Th'e' upper deck'is provided with a pair of hatches, onelforward and one aft of the ,ships-position.=' Each hatch s served bya gangwaydown or up which cars can be driven or wheeled and'arran ged ata suitable gradi-t 1 ent'for'this'purpose. The portahledeckbelow the upper deck isprovided with:a' hatchway laterally adjacent the gangway from the up- 1:: p I perdeck,'to 'accommodate'a second gangWay' p b I VfromTthe portabledeck'to the lowerfdeck. liieading Vfromeach orcjertain of the hatch- 4 w ays and from; decl'ri' to Y deck'f is an inclined 'adja'cent' and'in zig-Zag fashion; for'ezzample, o v assuming the gangway from theupper deck to the first portable deck tobe a port 'gangil way, then the" g'angway from thefirst port 95 able deck tothe lowerdeck would" be a star board'gan'gtvav and so forth. Accordingto.-

thepreferred arrangement, the gangways are arranged so that. a car passing downth'e' first gangwayiina'forivardlv direction would bezin 1dr) reverse in passing down or would be backed down the second gangway and so on.

If necessary, or to reduce manoeuvring of V -the carspin conjunction with thehead and V table such as would 'be capableof displacing foot of each gaiigway a simple form ofturna car through a convenient angle or arc, may be employed, or, instead of having a turnv table,a platform may be provided capable of being'slid or shifting'abeam of the ship to transfer a car from the ort an wa ali n'- 'mnt to the starboard gangway alignment or vice versa.

i thedeckare'af, 1 I

waysand conveniently disposedto give access portable decks.

, The hatches are of. sniiici-ent extent longiftudinally-ofthe vessel to 'give clearancejor head room for the passage of cars or vehicles for which the ship designed, while transversely the hatchways may be arranged so as to beconvenient both for gangway ingress.

and egress and. for loading by derrick or grain chutes when the vessel is employed for cargo or freight other than motor cars. I For example, the gangways may be arranged to one side of rectangular hatches and may occupy as little as one-third the transverse width thereof Alternatively, double or treble gangw' ys be employed so that two or three cars abreast; may use the gangways.

The hull on each side of the vessel mav ie I I 7 a provided with a plurality of gangway doors for a width andheight suitable for giving clearance way for the ingress and egress-oi the vehicles. These doors may be arranged conVenientlyad acent the deck to deck gangto the deck levels from dock .gaiigways or ramps.- It is preterredto provide one or more gangway doors onthe level of each permanent deck and, if -desired, intermediate doors may be'provided' to give access tokthe Thevarious decks may be served'by a single series of gangwaysor a' plurality of series may be provided, F

andone-forward thereof for use in conjunc' tion withith'e hatchways above described, If desired, in addition to themain waysherein referred to, subsidiary gangwavs maybe provided between one deck and another 'at different points overthe deck area and away from the main gangways inorder to facilitate access to various more remote points orqlocalities of the stowage. area. 'When the cars are located in their stowage position they maybe secured to the deck or otherfi iture by the aid of chocks and lashe r or example, one series, maybelocated aftof the midships POSlblOIY' of thedecks and gangways.

1 Fig. 2.

Fig.2.

ings or by means of mechanical'fastenings which may be of t e screw orleverage type, adapted to engage-the axles, chassis or other part of the car. 7 r 1 In addition to the gangway hatches the variousdecks may be provided with otheror supplementary hatches for usewhen a cargo or other than motor vehicles was beinghandled. 7 f .7 a It will be appreciated that a ship ofthe above character is jadmirably adapted for the loading and stowagegot a very large number of cars or motor"vehicles which canbe loaded under their own power as the arrangement makes it. possible for eachcar to be driven on boardand from deck to deck to the exact pointer" stowagefor the particular can Sl111lllfldll1e cars. can be driven or wheeled ashore in uiiloading. I This arrangement it willobe'observed avoidshandling ot't e carsl'by stevedores or others and, consequently, avoids liability to damage or soinng during thepro cess of stowing the'cars A ship construceed'according to themrention-ii'iay be loa ded'with a cargo of motor cars consigned to. some port it'rom which it 7 will not be desired to load a return cargo of the same character. In this event, the arrangement ot' the portable decks facilitates the ship being readily converted or adapted to any particularcargo which it may be desired totake on board or stow for the return voyage. F or example, the removal or CllS" inantlin of thefportable deck may be readily effected and the'holdsr'endered. suitable for the stowage of grain; V r While a speciiicenample of theinvention has been described it will be understood that j theinven-tion is not limited to the particular arrangement; and details described, for eX- ample in place of oriinadditionto gangways, lifts or elevators may be" employed for the transportation of carsorvehicles from deck to deck; also the numberof hatchways and their arrangement may be varied to suit predeterminedconditions or the distribution of the stowage space may-be var'ied and the boiler and engine rooms,located amidships;

instead otai't. a V c Looking at thedrawings," I E 1- illustrates thesideelevation of a ship embodying the-invention'and' partly cut away to. disclose the interior arrangement Fig. 2 is a plan view-oflthefupper deck whereon suitable rectangles indicate the position of motor cars when the deck is fully loaded.

Fig. 3 is a-section taken through 3'3 of -Fig.' tie a section-taken, through 4+4 of l ig.2. I 7' Fig. 5 is a sectiontaken through 5+5 otrelishes":

' 1ri ilessparedpim' iem-reager decks illustrating another emhoidilsaent;v at the 1 invention* wherein at movable platormis I 1lillllZEdfbG transiier the motorcarr from gan-gway to another.

I v 1-11. -carnying the invention intoefi'ect according to one convenient mode the. ship-1s V built 'with; i tsengine; boiler room; and crews I ;qtarzersfaft as indicatedat E, Fig- 1,

an. upperper'manentdeckrU and? ailower: permanent deck L. designed tor car stow-'- age,. and: with: arportable deck b'etween thev upper and lower permanent-g decks a portable deck between: the lower deck! shelter Id'eck is ffill'ii "comparativelylarge hatches i C 1 and C."-2 ;whichare: adaptedato cover the hatch WW5 and H fiir which the connect e ingfgamgwayandI'Ll-2' are constructed.

1 Gangwmy doors, are thrnished in L the hull ottheiship: and. areiiillustratedat D- l, D-"Z,

D4@ and? affiord/ comm-unicstion between suit-able gangplanksconnecting the ship and the illerent decks within the's'hipfsuchiasltheupper and lower decks- "for instance. Theser gangway doors are; di-j mensi oned: to accommodate the'largesti Vehieleqit' is desired to transport withinithe VeSseLLfi" ,According: tofthis preferred design "with g} the; boilen; rooms, and ship quanters afigthe Whole the-waist: off the ship: from? 1 the after bulkhead to: theforepeak or fore eel: hold is availableforwheeled car e,

and? 4a'illustrate of" the gangwaysv which are adapted to connect the various decks t'oral'low 1notor1'c ars orother Vehicles tobe wheeledior drivena underttheir; I

, i 1 *mannersupPort a; temporary deck area. 22 :hl'a tchways l'li l' and H-2a1e framed by -la ithe permanent-trainihgfl', of the ship his the usual way'as isfil lustrated in these figuresg andzthez gangw ays .deokf areas within-the hatcltwayls are portable: and may be entirely N removedij so. desired, so that other cargoes. 5. than'inotor cars may be conveniently loaded i or: otherwise-secured to the'fi ameworkiFof r and stored irt'the usual manner; I

v A gangway lis shown on the port sideof the hatchiwiay leading from. the upper: deck 7 tdtheportable deck P gl and sloping down-f waird'ly fromfthe after part of the hatchway towardi'tthe forward part This jgan'gwayi is j illustratedaasi made angle irons 5fand 6 (Fig. 4 adaptedtojsupportthe floorof the I gang waygand alsoato furnish a low side wall s of perhapsi6to' 101 so that the carsimay'not 'fall ofh -Beamst, 7', are detachably con I eet-ed" to. the "permanent framing ofthei 'hatchway a n'claserve: to support a temporary l partial deck 8. which is/laid down to coven $5 that areazotj thew hatchway not taken" so: that motor be i i carried thereon.

f Gangwazy lthis. similar to gangway connects. portable deck: P-l with thetlewer deck; and" is. shown positionedl onf the state board sideoi hatchway- H-L sloping down wardly firom the; forward part of the hatch If I way toward the rear part of the hatchway; I

'Gan wa 12 is ofithe same constructionas gangwaysft and: and servesto; connect the lower deck with portable deck: P-2i and is placedon. the port side of the hatchwwy sloping downwardly from therear part thereof toward; the forward part.

Gangway ll is similar to the. other gang waystin construction SGIVGS-tOi connect portable: deck P25 ith the ship sgbottom' andi isrilililistrated. as positioned on thefistarhoai'rd side oihatchway sloping; down ward partof the hatchway to. theshiplsb'ottom at the'rear part of the hatchwayx i 1 The details ofconstruction 015 these. gang ways formsno partlof the present; invention; except'that they must be: sufi'iciently strong: 959

to: support the weight of the heaviest vehicle,

itis desiredto carry on the vesse'liandgshouldv )be easily clismembered and stowed away,

They'can'be readily constructed of" standard steel forms-adapted to'bebo1te'dtothe perma 953 nenti framing of the ship, or they'may be.

hinged to. swing upwardly out of the way whennot' in; use. I

Beams 15- and 16 serveto' support a terns *porary deck 18 on the same level with portable deck P I- within the-area 0t thehatch- 'way not occupied: by gangway 4; serve to accommodate. av number oi 11101301"? vehicles; Beams: 19 andQOserve to support' a: portable deck, 21,,on' the same level with thelower deck and ositionedbetween gang ways-"110' and 12- eamsl2 l and" in like ozra leteliwithportable deck P- 2 andlying betwe'engangways 12'; and 14'. These tem porary deck area'sawithin thehatchway will serveto accommodate a nulnberof motor cars or"otherwelricles'. I I i c 'i The beamsifi, 7, 15, 1 6,, 19,20, 24: and 25" may be made of standard steel sections bolted? stance, bolted or -'otherwise removably se-t curedvto: the permanent 'framework'ofthe ship and in turn reenforced' by tension; elei ments. a-nd g'l'for instance, which may he detachably connected: to; the framework-ohm):

the upper deckand the lowerdeckrespec-fi I i receivlngdevlcesn Inasmuch as methods and apparatus for performing this function are tively.

The floor of the portableldecks may be :made of ordinary wooden boardslai'dpar- V The temporary deck areas 8,18,.21 and22 alleltoleach other and the ends of which may be readily secured in placeby means of a strip of angleiron 35 forinstance, as shown in Fig. 3.

maybe made in a like manner.'

: As illustrated in Q'the gangways themselves imay be utilized to store the last few carsload'ed ontothe ship so that prace tically all of the cargo area-is efliciently used even'the hatchwayarea,

- In loading a ship of this kind it is i an 7 necessary to connect one or'more of the gangwayfdoors of the dock by asuitable gang- 7 plank up or down'whichthe'm'otor vehicles,

' power: and afterthey have entered the ship 1 may be pushed ordriven under their own jmay'be stowed awayby drivingthem up or down: the various gangwaysto the desiredposi-tionand the deck'areas'are not encumbered with any more'beams, columns or other framework than is necessary, so that it. is readily possible to position the vehicle in any desired place upon'any one of the decks.

'In Fig. 6 I have illustrated an embodiment of the invention: which incorporates a movabletruckatthe endsofthe gangways adapted. to move transversely of the longitudinal axis:

of thQSl'llP upon suitable tracks or runways. For "instance, a movable table'aor platform T1 might be placed on the lower deck at the 1 rear endof hatchway 1 and adapted to move on tracks 40, 41 from a'position immediately in "front of port gangway 12 to a position im- V mediately in front of starboard gangway 10',

and a similar truck 71 -2 movable'on, tracks 44: and 45, shown inrdotted lines,'mightbe placed on portabledeck P'2 to connect the ends of gangway 12 and gangway 1.4.1 Truck T-1--is of suficient size to accommodate a ve hicle wh ch maybe placed thereon immed ate-V I V ly after com ng down gangway 10 for instance, and thenthe truck and the vehicle 7 a may bepushed or otherwise moveda cros s the end of the hatchway. until it is-positioned at the upper "end of gangway 12, whenthe car may be transferred from truck TT1 to gangway i2'from which; it will pass on to truck T2 which will serve to carry it over into yuxtapositioniwith gang-way 14. 'Each deck maybe so equippedat the ends of the gangways. In this manner a car will be driven down one gangway forwardly andthe-neXt gangway rearwardly, but, of course," it will be unnecessary to turn or'reverse or maneuver the car in any way and the addition of these movable tables although not absolutely necessary to the eflicient loading of'the vessel will serve to expedite it. V v

Provision 'mustbemade for lashing the vehicles inpla'ce'andmay consist: of ropesl.

way clear.

1 a pluralityof decks, one or morehatchways and chocks or of mechanical clamping or well known itis-deemed unnecessary to i1- lustrate them in detail; or 7 It will be noted from this description that "a'vessel incorporating. this invention may be readily transformed from aship adaptedto carry' wheeled vehicles. most efiiciently and a enable the'loading and unloading thereof 1 Without the. use of slings or cranes or: crates to a'standard cargo vessel with the usual open hatchways and the usual space between v decks, if this space is desirable. Such avesselmayabe efficiently used to transport ve-- hicles on one voyage and an entirely different cargoupon the returnvoyage.

I claim ship adapted'tob'e .transformedfrom a general cargo vesselto one especiallyfitted for'the transportation of vehicles, including permanent and-portable decks, a hatchway affording communication with said decks,

and a gangway in said hatchway adapted to connect said decks so that vehicles-may be transferred from one deck to another on their ownwheels. 1, v

' 2. A ship adapted to be transformed from a general cargo vessel to one especially fit- 'ship' is used for a vehicle cargo and adapted to be dismantled when said ship'is used for general cargo leaving the hatchway clear.

A ship-adapted'to be transformed from a general cargo vessel to one especiallyrfitted forthetransportation of vehicles, including permanent decks and portable decks, a

hatchway affording communication" with said decks,"and a portable gangway adapted to be'erected in saidhatchway to connect said decks softhat vehicles may be transferred I from one deck to another on theirown' wheels when said ship is usedfor' a vehicle cargo and adapted to'be dismantled when said ship is used for 4. A ship adapted to be transformedfrom a general cargo vesselto one'especiallyfitted for the transportation of vehicles, 7 including portable V gangways" and deck 'areas adapted to be erected in said hatchway or hatchways to connect said decks so that vehicles may be transferred from one deck to another on their own wheel siwhen said-ship 1s usedfor vehicle cargo and adapted to be dismantled when said ship is used for general cargo leaving the hatchway or hatchways clear. i

5. A ship adapted to'be transformed from general cargo leaving the hatch- I a generalcargo'vessel to oneespecially fitted v for the transportation'of vehicles, including frames? permanent decks and portable decks, one; or more hatchways, portable gangways Y and decklareas' adapted to be erected in said hatchway or hatchwaysto connect said decks so that'vehicles maybe transferred from one deckto another on their own Wheels when said'shlp s used for, a vehicle cargo and adapted to be dismantled when said ship is usedsfor general cargo leaving the hatchway "or'hatchways clear. I

' f 6."Ina ship adapted tobe transformed I from a general cargo vessel to oneespecially fitted forfthe transportation of'vehicles, a plurality of decks, gan gwaysconnecting said decks so that 'vehicleslmay be transferred from, one deck @to another on" their own Y Wheels,"'and gangway doors ,inthe, sideof said ship adaptedto communicate with gang- I planks leading to a dock and of sufficient size to allow the passage "of the vehicles t-h r I through. '7 v 7; In a ship adapted to be if transformed [from a general cargo vessel to one especially fitted'for the transportation of Vehicles, pera manent decks, temporary decks adapted to be erected between said permanent decks i When'the ship istobeused to carry vehicles,

gangways connecting said decksso that vehicles may be transferred from one deck to another on their own wheels, and 'gangway" "doors in the side of said ship adapted to,

allow the vehiclestto be transferred from' ship and dock. to transversely of gangplanks connecting the I one of the decks of the ship; 1 I 8-, A ship adapted to be transformed fro V fsa id gangways to connectsaid decks so that s Q: 9) ship adapted to betransformed from ageneral-cargo vessel to one especially fitted -for the transportation of vehicles, including vehicles may betran'sferred from one deck to 1 another on their "own Wheelswhen the ship isused for vehicle; cargo; and said gangways and deck areasfa daptedto be dismantled Whentheship is usedfor' general cargo, leav-' v cargoleaving thehatchway clear, and mov ,p

able supportingmeans adopted to receive afiliv; .vehicle and allow it to be transferred from ing the hatchwa'y or hatchvvays clear;

aplurality of decks, a hat'chway, passage is 1 passing downwardly throughthe upper deck and affording communication" with all said decks, and a portable gangway adapted tobe erectedin said ha tchway passage to connect 7 *"gsaiddecks, so that vehicles may be trans ferred' fromone deckto another on their own 'wheels'when such ship islused for a vehicle Y cargo adapted to be dismantled when said ship is used for general cargo, thus leaving thehatchWay passage clear.

7 10. ship adapted to betransformed from a generalcargo vessel to one especially fitted ifonthe tnansportati'enof ehirae'saiauamg a plurality of decksfone or more hatchways 7 i through said decks aflording communication therebetwecn, gangways; in said hatchways adapted to b'e erected to connect said flBCkS *soflihat wehifolesgm'ay be trans'ferred fromene deck te-another on -tlrei-r-own wheels, and'of I such proportions arrangement relative to said hatchways as to leave a continuous c p :5 gangways areopen hatchway space from the upper deck to the lower deck when said in position. I v

11, A ship adapted to be transformed from v a general cargo vessel to one especially fitted for the transportation of vehicles, including so permanent. and portable decks, a hatchway afi'ording' communication with said decks,'a gangway in said hatchway adapted to connect said decks so that vehiclesmay be transferred from one deck to another on their own wheels, and movable adapted to receive a vehicle and allow it to be transferred from the end of one section of 'said'gangway to the end'of another section of said gangway on the same deck level.

12. A ship adapted to be transformed from a general cargo vessel to one especially fitted for the transportation of vehicles, including supporting means permanent and portable decks, a hatchway affording communication with said decks, a gangway-ln said hatchway adapted to con:

nect said decksso that vehicles may be trans-- ferred from one deck to another on their own wheels, and movable supporting means adapted to receive a vehicleand to move the longitudinal axes of the vessel.

13A ship adaptedto'betransformed from' a general cargo vesscl to one especially fitted for the transportation of vehicles, including a plurality of decks, a hatohway affording p a communication with said decks, a portable gangway adapted to be erected in said hatch- I :way-to connect said decks'so that vehicles a maybe transferred from one deck to another 'on their ownwheels when said ship is used 7 for a vehiclecargo and adapted to be dis mantledwhen said ship is used for general the end of one section of, said gangway to the the same deck level.

Y 14. A ship adapted to be transformed from i a general cargo vessel to one especially fitted for the: transportation of vehicles, including 7 end of another section of said gangway' on a plurality of decks, a hatchway afi'ording communication with said decks, a portable gangway adapted to be erected in said hatch way to'connect, said decks so that vehicles cargo leaving the hatchway clear, and mV- able supporting means adapted toreceive a, 7 vehicle and to move transversely of the 1011- "gitudinal axes of the vesseh I In testimony whereof I have signed this 1 specification this 17th day of October, 1929. 1 r EDMUND HyWATTS.

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