US1815019A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

July 14, 1931. Q wj H, WEBER 1,815,019

7 CARBURETOR Filed June 2, 1927 2 Sheefcs-Sheet l as so mam rm 1421A ORNEY July 14, 1931.

w. H. WEBER 1,815,019

CARBURETOR Filed June 2, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet .2

' Fig.3.

30 I A I 88 57 W/DE OPE/V THROTTLE 6G: 7 Mai dam/1 MW;

flid ATTORNEY of the throttlevalve.

Patented duly 14, 1231 y when ravens ent ies WALTER H. WEBER, OF DETROIT, RdICHIG-AN, ASSIGNGR T0 DETROIT LUBEICATOR CQMPANY,. 01E DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN GARBUEETOR Application filed June 2, 1927. Serial No. 195,965..

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in carburetors, and more particularly to a power well adapted to supply additional fuel to the mixing chamber to supplement the mixture fed thereto by the main air and fuel nozzles.

An object of my invention is to provide a carburetor which will supply a proper and adequate combustible infiigtture to the cylinders of an internal comb tion engine at both part open and wide open throttle positions.

A further object is to supplement the normal combustiblemixture of fuel and air to meet the requirement of the necessary enriched mixture to give the desired punch or quick acceleration upon sudden opening The invention consists in the improved construction and combination of parts, to be more fully described hereinafter, and the novelty of which will be particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed.

In the accompanying drawings l have fully and clearly illustrated a preferred embodiment of my invention, to be taken as part of the specification, and wherein- Figure 1 is a side elevation, partially in section, of a well known form of carburetor showin the preferred form of my power well applied thereto;

Fig. 2 is a detail view showing the power well valve-operating "mechanism;

Fig. 3 is a detail elevation in section showing a modified form of power well and valve operating mechanism;

Figs. 4 and 5 are details showing valve positions in the modified form of Fig. 3, and

' Fig. 6 is a detail in vertical section of another form of power well and valvemechanism therefor.

Referring to the drawings by characters of reference, 1 designates a carburetor casing, preferably of cast metal, having a mixing chamber 2 with side walls 3 and a base or partition wall 4 having an opening 5 therethrough into anair chamber 6. "A tubular air inlet 7, which may be provided with an air'heater jacket of any well known type, opens into chamber 3 to supply air thereto.

The openingb 1s providedwith an annular valve seat 8 on which a suction operated gravity valve 9 seats; Unobstructed air ducts 10, ofwhich but one is shown, lead fromthe air chamber 6 at the under side of the valve 9 through the same to a nozzle 11 in the top thereof forthe passage of air from the inlet 7 and chamber 6 to the mixing chamber. A. stem 12' depends from valve 9 and has ahol low bore 13 which forms a longitudinal passageway therethrough, and which leads at its upper end to nozzle 11. The stem 12 is slidably mounted for vertical reciprocation in a guiding boss or sleeve 14:, which rises from the lower or base wall 15 of air chamber 6. A dash-pot chamber 16 having the wall 15 as its top, is preferably integral with the casing 1 and is closed at its bottom by a cap 17. The free, lower end 18 of stem 12 projects downward into chamber 16 and rigidly carries a dash-pot piston 19. Liquid fuel is fed to this dash-pot chamber 16 from a suitable fuel re:..ervoir 20 through a communicating passage 21 in casing 1. Within the reservoir 20, which is open to the atmosphere through 'Fig. 1. As the stem 12 rigidly connects the air valve 9 with'the dash-pot piston 19,it is evident that opening of the valve 9, due to sub-atmospheric pressure in the mixing chamber 2, will be controlled in the usual and Well known manner by the piston 19 to cause gradual movement of valve 9 from its seat 8. The piston, 19 has a plurality of automatic valves 19, preferably ofthe ball check type, which allow liquid in chamber 16 to pass above piston 19 to permit quick closing of the valve 9. Liquid fuel from the chamber 16 enters the bore 13 through ports 24 in the stem 12, and passage of the fuel to nozzle 11 is controlled by a tapered needle valve 2, will 38 has a vertical guideway 46 therethrough to change of pressure in chamber open or close the fuel nozzle orifice 26 as and which opens into the recess 40. Within the when the valve 9 opens or closes the air inrecess is a reciprocating valve 47, which let opening 5 to thereby supply proper procooperates with seat 41 to close off the pasportions of fuel and air to the mixing chamsage from the well 32 to the mixing chamber 2. The upper end of the mixing chamher 2. 'Projecting upward from valve 47 is her 2 has a mixture outlet opening cona valve stem 48 which is slidably mounted trolled by a throttle valve, preferably of the in guideway 46 for vertical reciprocation plate or butterfly type (not shown), which therein. The stem 48 projects above the top is fixed on a shaft 28 freely journaled' in of boss 38 adjacent to and directly beneath bearings 29, 30, in casing 1. The shaft 28 exan end of throttle shaft 28 which extends betends outside the casing, and fastened on one yoncl bearing 30. On this end of shaft 28 end thereof adjacent bearing 29 is a, control there is a cam 49, preferabl an eccentric, lever 31 which may have a rod or other linkwhichis adjustable about sha t 28 relative to age, if desired, by which it may be operated the throttle and has means to fix it in adjusted from a point within easy reach of the oper position, such as a set screw 50. The cam 49 ator to control the throttle valve. is out of contact with stem 48 for all posi- At more detailed description of the main tions of the throttle, except for wide .open, or carburetor is not considered essential, as it nearly wide open throttle, when the cam will is of a type well known and is of itself no engage and depress the stem 48 to open valve part of my present invention, except as it 47. The top of the boss 38 has a cylindrical enters in combination with my improvement. socket 51 therein which 'surroundsthe stem to be described.

Within the wall of air chamber 6 and in a telescopic casing having heads 52, 53, which vertical plane through the axis of sha't't'28, is are axially apertured to receive stem 48. a vertical cylindrical bore 32 serving as a Within the telescopic casing and surrounding 48. In the socket-51 is a cylindrical two-part I power well or fuel cup. The lower end or the stem '48 is a coil spring 54 which abuts '32 adjacent the reservoir 20 has a port or air base 33 of the bore 32 terminates directly the insidesurfaces of the casing heads 52,

above the passageway 21, and opens there- 53, and is held under compression by a cotter into through a port 34 which serves as a fuel or other pin 55 passed through a hole 56 in inlet. 'The port 34 is internally threaded to stem 48. The spring 54 thus exerts its expanreceive a screw'plug 35 having a calibrated sive force through head 53 and pin 55 upon orifice 36 therethrough to restrict the opening the valve stem 48 to hold the valve 47 on its of port 34.- The side wall of the well or bore seat 41.

- In the modification of the power well shown bleed 37 therethrough which opens into the inFigs. 3, 4 and 5, the bore through the boss reservoir 20 above the normal level of fuel 38 is of uniform cross-sectional area, with the therein. Due to the orifice 36the level of fuel tube 43 fitting ti htly atits upper end in the will be the same in the well '32 as in the reserbore. A gasket5 closes the top of well 32 and voir 20, and due to the port 37 the atm'os surrounds the tube 43. Within the bore 59 is pheric pressure on the liquid in the reservoir arod'60 having a sliding fit thereinl Comwill also be maintained on the fuel in the well municating with the bore 59 and mixing 32, The side wall 3 of the mixing chamber chamber 2, is a port or inlet 42 which curre- 2 has a vertical boss or extension 38, which is sponds to inlet 42 of Fig. 1. The rod 60 is directly above the power well 32. The lower vertically reciprocable in the bore 59 to cover end of boss 38 has a compartment 39 in axial or uncover the port 42. At its upper end the alignment with well 32, which is' provided rod -fiO'has a head, or abutment 61 between with a cylindrical, axial recess 40 having, an wli" hand the top of boss 38 is a coil spring annular shoulder or valve seat 41. The recess can f rounding rod 60, which maintains the 46 is laterally adjacent the mixing chamber hea'd=61- in contact. with cam 49. This spring 2 and is in communication therewith through 62 normally tendsto raise the rod 60 to una port or inlet passage 42 which opens into cover port 42, but the cani 49, in this modificathe mixing chamber 2, preferably at a point tion, isadjusted and fixed by screw 50 to hold intermediate the levels of the air inlet 5 and the rod 60 depressed to cover port 42 when the of the fuel inlet 11; but the passage 42 may throttle is closed, and for all positions of the open through wall 3 at any point above inlet throttle, excepting substantially wide open 5. Within the well 32 is an unrestricted open throttle, when the cam 49 has been rotated tube or conduit 43, the lower end of which by shaft 28 to the position shown in Fig. 5. terminates short of the bottom of the well 32 of tube 43 and surrounding the same, is a her 6 is of too thin metal'line to contain the partitionsupported by the wall of chamber power well, as in Figs. 1 and 3, and, there- 6, preferably in theform of a disk 44 and fore, the power well is in the form of a cylingasket 45 which closes the top of. well .32 and drical en 63 positioned in the air inlet chamseparates it from compartment 39. The boss ber 6. The bottom of the cup 63 has a. de-

Inthe further modification of the power and above the orifice 36. At the upper end well shown in-Fig. 6, the wall of the air champending boss 64 which corresponds to plugand is externally threaded, and has a longitudinal, central, calibrated orifice 65 therethrough which corresponds to the orifice 36 in Figs. 1 and 3. The boss 64 is threaded into an aperture 66 in the casing, and in the vertical center line of boss 38, which aperture communicates with the fuel passage 21 from the reservoir 20. At its upper end the cup 63 fits within a circular opening 67 through the air inlet chamber Wall 4. The well or cup 63 is open to the atmosphere through the air bleed 37 in the reservoir 20. Within a vertical bore 68 corresponding to bore 59, Fig. 3, in the boss 38, is a'guide sleeve 69 which is fixed therein by a pin 70. The sleeve 69 is recessed at each end to form internal shoulders 71, 72. The lower recess 7 3 forms a valve chamber, and is internally threaded to receive the threaded end of a fuel-conveying conduit or tube 74 which projects downward into the well 63 to a point adjacent the orifice 65, and which corresponds to tube 43, Figs. 1 and 8. A. suitable gasket 75 which surrounds the tube 74 extends across and closes the opening 67 and the well 63 above the air bleed 37. In line with the inlet or port 42 through the wall 3 of the mixing chamber 2, is an aperture 7 6 in the sleeve 69, through which fuel from the tube Mr-may pass. The shoulder 71 in valve chamber 7 3 serves as a valve seat for cooperation with a valve l7 having a stem 7 8 of smaller diameter than the bore of sleeve 69. Fixed on the stem 78 and extending upward through the sleeve 69', is a push rod 79 which has sliding it in the sleeve. 'llhe rod '79 and stem 78 are joined at suflicient distance above port 42 so that there will be free access from well 63 around stem 78 to port 4-2 when the valve 77 is depressed from its seat 71. The rod l9 projects above sleeve 69 and has fixed to its free upper end an abutment or cap 80 having a depending flange or skirt 81 which telescopes the sleeve 69. Supported by the shoulder 72 in the upper recess, is a coil spring 82 which surrounds thestem 78 and which is held under compression by cap 80'to normally maintain the valve 77 raised against its seat 71. The cam 49 is positioned on the shaft 28, as in the preferred form, Fig. i, so that at closed and part openthrottle. it is out of contact with rod 79, but at substantially wide open throttle will the rod to open the valve 77.

ln operation the air and fuel admitted at the fuel nozzle 11 and the air admitted around valve 9 to the mixing chamber, provide-afilled with liquid fuel, and, as above stated,

there will be atmospheric pressure on the surface of the liquid in well 32, due to bleed 37. When the throttle valve is rotated to full open, or substantially full open position, the cam. 49 will also be rotated to contact and depress the stem 48 against the action of. spring 54. to open the valve 47 and fuel inlet 42. The I subatmospheric pressure in the mixing chamber 2 will then cause the greater pressure on the surface of the liquid in the well 32 to force an instantaneous charge of solid liquid fuel into the mixing chamber 2 through port or inlet 42, the charge being the quantity in the well 32 and tube 43 less, the amount in the well below the open lower end of tube 43. This charge of liquid fuel will be directlv followed by an emulsion of slugs (Ml liquid fuel separated by bubbles of air, the liquid fuel of the emulsion beingconstant in quantity per unit of time. As long as the valve 4. is held off its seat by the cam t9, the emulsion will be fed to the mixing chamber 2. This emulsion results from the admission of air from the bleed 37 and of liquid fuel from the orifice 36, which simultaneously and continuously enter the power well 32 through their respective inlets. llt is'ot course understood that the fuel content of the emulsion may be varied by changing the size of theor'ilice 3'6 However, the earn 49 is first adjusted, as,

above described, so that it will hold the rod 66 depressed and the port 42 closed when the throttle valve is closed, and will permit the spring 62 to raise the red at substantially wide open throttle when the cam has been rotated to the position shown in Fig. 5, so that the lower end of rod 66 will pass above and uncover the fuel inlet 4. 2.

The mode of o oration and the function of the further modllication shown in Fig. 6, is

the same as that described above for the preferred form, shown in Figs. 1 and 2, there being first a charge oi solid liquid fuel drawn from the well 63 into the mixing chamber 2 when the throttle valve and the conduits 74., i2 are opened, which charge is followed, so long as the valve l? is open, by an emulsion of liquid fuel. and air drawn from the well 63 into the mixing chamber 2.

What ll claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States i s:-

1. In a carburetor of the character de scribed, a casing having a mixing chamber, main air and fuel inlets to said mixing chant her, a mixture outlet from said mixing chainlSO I bottom of said power well and at its other her, said casing having a power well, a valve chamber for said power well, a conduit hav-.

ber, said power well having a fuel inlet and an air inlet, a valve insaid valve chamber to close said port, said valve having a stem reciprocable through said casing, means to normally maintain said valve in closed position,'a shaft iournaled in said casing at said outlet and projecting beyond said casing, said shaft having its longitudinal axis in a plane through the longitudinal axis of said valve stem, a throttle in said outlet and fixed on said shaft, and a cam fixed on said shaft and adapted to engage directly said valve stem toopen said valve.

2. In a carburetor of the character {described, a casing having a mixing chamber, said mixing chamber having a main airinlet and a main fuel inlet, a mixture outlet from said mixing chamber, a fuel reservoir, a passage connecting said fuel reservoir and said fuel inlet, said casing having a power well, a valve chamber for said power well, a conduit having one end opening adjacent the end openinginto said valve chamber, a port connecting said valve chamber and said mixing chamber, a fuel inlet orifice to said power well at its bottom, an air bleed to said power well above the normal fuel level therein, a

valve in said valve chamber to close said port,

a guideway opening through said casing, a valve stem fixed to said valve and guided for longitudinal movement in said guideway, a spring engaging said stem to normally mainptain said valve in closed position, a shaft,

journaled in said casing at said outlet and projecting beyond said casing, said shafthaving'its longitudinal axis in a plane through the longitudinal axis of said guideway, a

- throttle carried by saidshaft within said outlet-,an adjustable cam'fixed on said shaft external to said casing and having a portion adapted to engage directly said valve stem to open said valve against the action of said 3. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a casing having a mixing chamber, main air and fuel inlets to said mixing chamber, a fuel reservoir, a passageway from said fuel reservoir to said fuel inlet, a fuel well, a constantly open fuel inlet of constant bore for admission of fuel from said reservoir to said. well. an air inlet to said well above the normal fuel level therein for the admission of atmospheric air to said well, a-conduit opening into said mixing chamber, a;

portion of said conduit extending into said 7 well cdncentricrtherewith and terminating adjacent to but spaced from the fuel'inlet to said well, a valve in said conduit, means by the liquid fuel maintained in said well will be discharged through said conduit into said mixing chamber and subsequently. upon -maintenance of said valve in open position,

air admitted to said well from said second air inlet and fuel admitted to said well from said constantly open fuel inlet of constant bore will be discharged together from said well through said conduit into said mixing chamber.

4. A carburetor of the character described, comprising acasing having a mixing chamber, said mixing chamber having an outlet, a throttle valve to control said outlet, main air and fuel inlets to said mixing chamber, afuel reservoir, a passageway from said fuel reservoir to said fuel inlet, a fuel well, a constantly open fuel inlet of constant bore for admission of fuel from said reservoir to said well, an air inlet to said well above the normal fuellevel therein for. the admission of atmospheric air to said well, a conduit opening into said mixing chamber, a portion of said conduit extending into said well concentric therewith and terminating adjacent to but spaced from thefuel inlet to said well,

a valve in said conduit, means to normally hold said valve in closed position to prevent flow of -air or fuel through said conduit to said mixing chamber, and means actuated by movement of said throttle valve to open the valve in said conduit whereby the liquid fuel maintained in said well will be discharged through said conduit into said mixing chamher and subsequently, upon maintenance of said valve in open position, air admitted to said well from said second air inlet and fuel admitted to said well from said constantly open fuel inlet of constant bore will be discharged together from said well through said conduit into said-mixing chamber.

bore for admission of fuel from said reservoir to said well, an air inlet to said well above the normal fuel level therein for the admission of atmospheric air to said well, a con duit opening into said mixing, chamber, a portion of said conduit extending into said well concentric therewith and terminating adjacent to but spaced from the fuel inlet to said well, a valve'in said conduit, said valve having a-ste'm projecting through and reciprocable in said casing, spring means acting on said valve stem and on said casing to normally hold said valve in closed position to prevent flow of air or fuel through said conduit to said mixing chamber, and manually operable means acting on said valve stem toa throttle shaft journaled in said casing through said outlet, a throttle valve on said.

shaft to control said outlet, cam means on said shaft external of said casing, main air and fuel inlets to said mixing chamber, a

'fuel reservoir, a passageway from said fuel reservoir to said fuel inlet, a fuel well in said casing substantially in a vertical plane through the longitudinal axis of said shaft, a constantly open fuel inlet of constant bore for admission of fuel from said reservoir to said well, an air inlet to said well above the normal fuel level therein for the admission of atmospheric air to said well, a conduit opening into said mixing chamber, a portion of said conduit extending into said well concentric therewith and terminating adjacent to but spaced from the fuel inlet to said well, a valve in said conduit, said valve having a a substantially vertical stem projecting through and reciprocable in said casing and terminating directly beneath said cam means for actuation thereby, and spring means to normally hold said valve in closed position to prevent flow of air or fuel through said conduit to said mixing chamber, whereby when said throttle valve is opened the valve in said conduit will be opened and the liquid fuel maintained in said well will be dischargedthrough said conduit into said mixing. chamber and subsequently, upon maintenance of said valve in open position, air

admitted to said well from said second air inlet and fuel admitted to said well from said constantly open fuel inlet of constant bore will be discharged together from said well through said conduit into said m1x1ng chamber.

7. A carburetor of the character described,

comprising a casing having a mixing chamber with main air and fuel inlets thereto, a

fuel well having a fuel inlet in its bottom pending into said well with its other end opening adjacent the bottom wall of saidwell, a valve seat in said valve chamber intermediate and spaced from said passageway and said tubular member, a valve oooperable with said seat, and an air inlet to said well above the normal liquid level therein.

8. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a casing having a mixing chamber with main air and fuel inlets thereto, a fuel well having a fuel inlet and having an air inlet above the normal liquid fuel level therein, a valve chamber concentric with and above said well, a partition separating said valve chamber and said well and havin an' aperture therethrough, an open-ende tubular member rigidly sealed in said aperture and depending into said well substantially to the bottom thereof, a passageway from said valve chamber to said mixingv chamber, a valve in said valve chamber between sald member and said passageway, and means to open saldvalve.

9, A carburetor ofthe character described,

comprising a casing having a mixing chamber with main air and fuel inlets thereto and a mixture outlet therefrom, a throttle valve for said outlet having cam means operable therewith, a fuel well having a fuel inlet and having an air inlet above the normal liquid fuel level therein, a valve chamber concentric with and above said well, a partition separating said valve chamber and said well and having an aperture therethrough, an openended tubular member rigidly sealed in said aperture and depending into said well substantially to the bottom thereof, a passageway from said valve chamber to said mixing chamber, a valve in said valve chamber between said member and said passageway, means normally urging said valve toward closed position, and a stem on said lastnamed valve slidable in said casing and extending therethrough into operative relation to said cam means whereby operation of said throttle valve will actuate said lastnamed valve.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my'name.

' WALTER H. WEBER.

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