US181454A - Improvement in brooms - Google Patents

Description

"Ulvr'IED STATES "-JPATENT @GFF-ICE' JOHN F. LEE, JR., OF BROOKLYN, NEW'YORK, ASSIGNOR'TO CHARLES'F. LINDE, OF SME PLACE.

|MPRovE^MEN`T IN BRooMs.

lSpecification forming' part ofl Letters Patent No. lhS l 454, dated August 1876; application filed To all `whom t'may concern:

Be it'known that` I,-JoHN F. LEE, Jr., of Brooklyn, in thev county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in Brooms, of lwhich the following is a specification z The invention which I am about to describe 'relates to thatclass of brooms which, instead 'chiefly onaccount ofthe difficulty of securingl sufficient strength in the wood socketlwithout making the head of the broom inadin-issibly large, the difficulty of securing the brush of the broom to the woodsocket, and the diffifculty ofv securing the socket itself from being driven too far into the brush of vthe broom when considerable force or percussion is'applied in the insertion of the handle. The' use of the sheet-metalsocket, however, involves J not only the additional cost lover rand above the wood socket, but the more serious diiiculty that, in making the broom, the workman is obliged, in cutting oi' the corn, to cut down upon the metal socket, which speedily dulls the knife, and requires it to befrequently sharpened, thus greatly'retardin'g the work, and thereby increasing theV vcost ofmanufacture.

The object of my present invention isto ob-v viate each of these difficulties, and to furnish a broom having a wood socket, which broom shall be at once simple and easy of construction, cheap, and reliable in all the particulars hereinbefore alludedv to. v

One part of the.v said invention. consists in the mode hereinafter described of constructingt-he broom with an internally-tapering socket to receive the handle, whereby' such construction is much facilitated, and made entirely practicable and easy of accomplishment, and by which mode of constructionv a broom with a wooden socket, tapering on the 'inside to receive the handle, and of considerably greater thickness in its lower lportion than at its upper-end,so vas `tosecure'sufi- December 22, 1875.

in the mode hereinafterdescribed of securing the socket from being driven too far into the broom. I

Another part of the said invention'consists Vin the combination of the said socket, the head of the broom, "a 'cap surrounding the head ofthe broom, a-nd fastenings extending through the headof the broom to unite the parts 'with each other.

Figure l is a side viewof the upper portion of the brush of 'a broom constructedaccording to the said invention, `without a cap around the head of the broom. Fig. 2 isla transverse" verticalsectionof the same. Fig. 3 is a sidejview of the same constructed with a metal cap around the head 'of the broom. Fig. 4 is a' vertical central fsection ofthesocket.

A' is the brush of the broom, which, with the exceptions I am about to describa-'is constructed in thel manner commonly practiced. p

'diameter of thesocket, bored longitudinally through its center, and, having secured this stick in position for working, commences the formation of the brush of the broom inexactly thev same manner now ordinarily practiced in forming the brush of a broom upon ahandle,"care being taken, however, inI fastening the inner end of the binding-wire to the sock; et,not 'to use a tack'of sufficient length to ex- .outside coils of the binding-wire, and, having secured its end by turning it down over the coil, as shown in Fig. 1, I extend it up either through or outside of `the broom-corn, under the upper coil of wire, and secure the upper end of the binding-wire to it by interlocking their ends, as shown in the same figure, preferably by twisting the ends of the two wires together.

The securing of the binding-wire by means of this auxiliary wire b is an important feature y of this invention, owing to the very great diniculty of securing it to the wooden socket, the latter being too thin at the top when finished to allow the upper end of the wire to be secured to it by a tack, as usually practiced in making brooms upon a handle.

The broom having been thus far constructed, and the surplus corn at the head of the broom out away, the socket or cylindrical piece of wood on which the brush is formed `is then cut off even with the head of the broom,if no cap is to be used, or, if a cap is to be used, then of the proper length to reach thetop of the cap, and the cap, if any, be- 1n g placed in position and temporarily secured there, and the brush so formed being properly secured in a chuck or holding device, the socket is then bored or reamed out, as the case may be, with a tapering bit or reamer, to form the proper conical socket for the reception of the end of the handle, which is made tapering to correspond with it. The socket of the broom is then slipped upon a metallic mandrel, preferably hardened steel, made conical to fit the said socket, and small nails or tacks c are driven in through corn and socket, (and the cap, if; any,) and clinched upon the said mandrel, as shown in Fig. 2, when the brush of the broom is complete and ready for the reception of the handle when required. Any number of these nails c that may be desirable may be used; but twoone on each side-driven in the lower part of the broomhead, as shown, will generally be found sufficient. V

A cap, G, while adding slightly to the cost, also adds strength and nish to the broomhead. It aids in holding the outer portions of the nails o, and, combined with the otherparts by means of the said nails extending through the corn of the broom-head, helps to hold the socket B rmly in position, and prevent its being driven in out of place by the application of force applied in the insertion of the handle.

`Any form of cap adapted to the purpose may be used.

e It may be, and often is, desirable to secure the handle morepermanently in the socket, and more e'ectuallypreventits being worked loose by the vibratory motions to which it is subjected in use than would be done by simply pushing or driving it into place; and this I provide for by coating the end of the broomhandle where it ts into the socket, or isto enter the socket, with a soluble adhesive substance, which, when the broom-handle is to be inserted, may be sufficiently softened by dipping it in water to make it adhere to the sides of the socket. Glue, lor a mixture of 4 glue and gum, may be used for this purpose; but I iind by experiment that gum-arabic answers every requisite, and I prefer it for the reasons that it is more convenient of application, and more readily softened by dipping it in water than a coating composed in whole or in part of glue. Dextrine would also probably answer the same purpose.

While I consider the construction above described the most feasible and satisfactory o n the whole, such construction may nevertheless be varied somewhat without departing from the said invention-as, for example, the socket B, instead of being .made exactly cylindrical on the outside, might be enlarged toward its base, so as to give still greater thick` ness at or near the lower end; or the Wirezb, instead of being extended directly upward from the coils below of the binding-wire to the top coil, might be run spirally through and around the corn of the broom-head, so as to meet said upper coil running in nearly or quite an` opposite direction; or it might be so carried round and through the broom-head, and made to form the top coil, and the wire a used to fasten it, without changing the nature of this part of the invention.

It is important, and perhaps indispensable to the success of the manufacture of brooms with the internally-tapering wood sockets which I have described, that the stick of which the socket is formed should extend sufficiently from the head of the broom to allow its being firmly held in a proper lathe or clamp while the broom is being formed upon it, and` have sufficient strength to resist the strain thrown upon it in the formation of the broom, which can hardly be realized if each socket were first made separately and properly reamed out to'receive the handle before the brush was formed upon it, the socket being then too thin at and 'beyond the top of the broom-head to be so held and to withstand the necessary strain; and for this reason the `mode I have described of irst forming the `brush of the `broom upon a solid stick, or a stick having a cylindrical bore of less diameter than the largest internal diameter of the socket when finished, and then, after the brush of the broom is made, reaming or boring out the conical socket, is important.

I claim as my invention- 1. The mode hereinbefore described of constructing the broom` with an internally-tapering socket, by first forming the brush of the broom upon the stick of which the socket is to be formed, and afterward boring or reaming the socket to the size and taper required, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

2. The combination, with the brush of a brooml and its binding-Wire a, of the fastening-Wire b, the ends of' the Wires being interlocked with each other, substantiallT as hereinbefore set forth.

3. The combination, with the brush of a broom and the conical socket, of the nails or tacks, 0r their equivalent, extending through one side of the head of the broom, and through onewside of the socket, and clinched on their inner ends, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

. 4. The combiuation of thebrush ofthe broom, the conical socket B, and the cap secured to said socket by one or more tacks, or their equivalent, extending through one side of the saidv cap, through one side of the head of the broom, and through one side of said socket, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

JOHN F. LEE, JR. Witnesses:

CHAs. F. LINDE, Trios. P. HOW.

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