US1813627A - Aeroplane - Google Patents

Description

E. H. LANIER AEROPLANE July 7, 1931.

Filed Nov. 19. 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEY E. H. LANIER AEROPLANE July 7, 1931.

Filed Nov. 19, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 iNVENTOR awara 6f 1 arr/e1? ATTORNEY July 7, E931. E. H. LANIER 7 1,813,627

AEROPLANE Filed Nov. 19. 1930 s Sheets-Sheet s INVENTOR [award/A lair/e1:

ATTORNEY Patented July 7, 1931 PATENT OFFICE EDWARD H. LANIER, OF COVINGTON, KENTUCKY AEROPLANE Application filed November 19, 1930. Serial No. 496,725.

lift in which the wings can be wholly elim-' inated or reduced to dwarf wings, i. e., wings of little lifting power but of suflicient area to serve as supports for the ailerons. It IS therefor a principal object of my invention to provide an aeroplane which has l ttle or no wing area and yet possesses the principal advantages possessed by the planes of my patents aforeaid.

Further, it is an object to provide an aeroplane with a vacuum chamber having dihedral flares extended laterally sufficiently to 5 serve in place of wings entirely or substantially.

Further, it is an object to provide such an aeroplane with dwarf wings, for example, which may extend at a level below that of the lateral flares so as to support the ailerons usually employed in aeroplanes.

Other objects will in part be obvious and in part be pointed out hereinafter.

To the attainment of the aforesaid objects and ends, the invention still further resides in the novel details of construction, combination and arrangement of parts, all of which will be first fully described in the following detailed description, then be particularly pointed out in the appepded claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which I Figure 1 is a perspective view of my present invention showing the same without the usual wings.

Figure 2 is a side elevation thereof.

Figure 3 is a front elevation thereof.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of my present invention showing the same provided with dwarf wings.

In the drawings I have illustrated my invention as applied to an openv cockpit type of plane, although it is obvious that the invention may also be applied to cabin types, as in dicated in my patents aforesaid.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings, it will be observed that 1 represents the body of the aeroplane, which may be of any approved construction, the open cockpit type fuselage being illustrated for the purposes of this application.

The front landing gear is indicated by 2 and the tail skid by 3, while the usual tail rudders and elevators are indicated by the numeral 4. The propeller is indicated by the numeral 5. In open cockpit type machines there are openings provided at 6 and 7 for the passengers and aviator, these openings being provided with side ports, if desired, or the aviator may simply step over the top of the fuselage into the openings provided. All of the aforesaid structure may be of any approved type, or in lieu of the open cockpit type of fuselage shown the cabin type, sucg as indicated in my prior patents, may be use Extending upwardly along the top of the body is a fin or longitudinal structure 8, the side walls of which extend upwardly and laterally to merge with the under walls of the vacuum chamber that is located above the body 1 and united to it by the tin or longitudinal structure 8. At the front the tin 8 has an upwardly and forwardly inclined wall 9 from which extends upwardly and backwardly a wall 10, the walls 9 and 10 conweight of the entire flare without the use of the ordinary wings now so commonly employed 1n aeroplanes.

The vacuum chamber may he provided with air buffers 15 for the same purpose as the air buffers 29 in my Patent No. 1,779,005.

When desired short .or dwarf wings 16 may extend outwardly from the vacuum chamber sides and carry ailerons 17 for the usual purposes. Vhere the area of the vacuum chamber, including the spread across the flares, is suflicient to sustainthe vehicle the dwarf wings 16 are made only large enough to act as supports for the ailerons 17. Furthermore the length of the ailerons from fore to aft is very much less than the length of the vacuum chamber, as will be ,seen by reference particularly to Figures 1 and 2.

In interpreting the scope of this invention and the claims hereunto appended, I de sire it understood that the term body is not to be limited to any particular type of body, be it open cockpit or cabin type, or be it simply a blind fuselage with a cabin suspended beneath, the gist of the present invention being in the provision of the vacuum chamber of such area, design and construction that it will furnish the greater part, if not all, of the lifting power of the machine, making it possible to wholly eliminate the use of'wings or to use only dwarf wings as described.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, it is thought that the complete construction, operation and advantages of my invention will be readily understood to those skilled in the art.

What I claim is:

1. Inaeroplanes, a body having a tail end provided with steering rudders and elevators, an open top chamber located above said body, the walls of said chamber being arranged to deflect the aircurrents so as to produce an area of low pressure over said chamber, the side walls of said chamber being flared and extended laterally andbeyond the body to serve in lieu of wings.- v 2. In aeroplanes, a body having a tailiend provided with steering rudders and elevators, an open top chamber located above said body, the walls of said chamber being arranged tio deflect the air currents so as to produce an area of low pressure over said chamber, the side Walls of said chamber being flared and extended. laterallyand beyond the body to serve in lieu of wings, and a propelling mechanism including a propeller located at the front end of said body.

3. In aeroplanes, a body having a tail end provided with steering rudders and elevators, an open top chamber located above said body, the walls of said chamber being arranged to deflect the air currents so as to produce an area of low pressure over said chamber, the side walls of said chamber being flared and extended laterally to serve in lieu of wings, said open top chamber having an air deflecting nose at the front and being connected with said body by a central longitudinal fin.

4. In aeroplanes, a body having a tail end provided with steering rudders and elevators, an open top chamber located above said body, the walls of said chamber being arranged to deflect the air currents so as to produce an area of low pressure over said chamber, the side walls of said chamber beproduce an area of low pressure over said chamber, the side walls of said chamber being flared and extended laterally to serve in lieu of Wings, said open top chamber having an air deflecting nose at the front and being connected with said body by a central longitudinal fin, a portion of which is cut out, and said body having top openings registering with said out out portion.

6. In aeroplanes, a body having a tail end provided with steering rudders and elevators, an open top chamber located above said body, the walls of said chamber being arrangedto deflect the air currents so as to produce an area of low pressure over said chamber, the side walls of said chamber being flared and extended laterally and beyond the body to serve in lieu of wings, and dwarf wings with gilerons extending laterally from said cham- 7. In aeroplanes, a body having a tail end provided with steering ruddersand elevators,

an open top chamber located above said body,

the walls of said chamber being arranged to deflect the air currents so as to produce an area of low ressure over said chamber, the side walls of said chamber being flared and extended laterally and beyond the body to serve in lieu of wings, a propelling mechanism including a propeller located at the front of said body, and dwarf wings with lzgilerons extending laterally from said chamer. 8. In aeroplanes, a body having a tail end provided with steering rudders and elevators, an open top chamber located above said body, the walls of said chamber being arranged to deflect the air currents so as to produce an area of low pressure 'over said chamber, the side walls of said chamber being flared and extended laterally to serve in lieu of Wings, said open top chamber having an air deflecting nose at the front and being connected with said body by a central longitudinal fin,

. located at the front end. of sai and dwarf wings with ailerons extending laterally from said chamber.

9. In aeroplanes, a body having a tail end provided with steering rudders and elevators, an open top chamber located above said body, the walls of said chamber being arranged to deflect the air currents so as to producean area of low ressure over'said chamber, the side walls of sai'd chamber being flared and extended laterally to serve in lieu of wings, a propelling mechanism includin a propeller d body, said open top chamber having an air deflecting nose at the front and being connected with said body by a central. longitudinal fin, and dwarf wings with ailerons extending laterally from said chamber.

10. In aeroplanes, a body having a tail end provided with steering rudders and elevators, an open top chamber located above the body, the walls of said chamber being arranged to deflect the air currents so as to produce an area of low pressure over said chamber, the side walls of said chamber being flared and extended laterally to serve in lieu of wings, said open top chamber having an air deflecting nose at the front and being connected with said body by a central longitudinal fin, a portion of which is cut out, said body having top openings registering with said out out portion, and dwarf wings with ailerons extending laterally from the said chamber.

11. In aeroplanes, an elongated body having a tail, end provided with the usual steering rudders and elevators, an elongated open top chamber located over said body and connected with the same along the mid-vertical plane, the side walls of said chamber being curved upwardly and laterally extended beyond the body to serve in lieu of wings, the front end of said chamber having a downwardly and rearwardly inclined nose portion and an upwardly and rearwardly inclined nose portion to deflect the air currents so as to produce an area 'of low pressure over said chamber, substantially as shown and described. 1

12. In aeroplanes, an elongated body having a tail end provided with the usual steering rudders and elevators, an elongated open top chamber located over said body and connected with the same along the mid-vertical plane, the side walls of said chamber being curved upwardly and laterally extended beyond thebody to serve in lieu of wings, the

13. In aeroplanes, an elongated body having a tail end provided with the usual steering rudders and elevators, an elongated open top chamber located over said body and connected with the same along the mid-vertical plane, the side walls of said chamber being curved upwardly and laterally extended to serve in lieu of wings, the front end of said chamber having a downwardly and rearwardly inclined nose portion and an upwardly and rearwardly inclined nose portion to deflect the air currents so as to produce an area of low pressure over said chamber, a

ropeller mounted at the front. end of said body beneath said nose, the spread of said chamber and the length of said chamber being so designed to produce approximately the full lifting power of the plane, and dwarf wings extending laterally from said .chamber for the purposes described.

EDWARD H. LANIER.

front end of said chamber having a downwardly and rearwardly inclined nose portion and an. upwardly and rearwardly inclined nose portion to deflect the air currents so as to producean area of low pressure over said chamber, a propeller mounted at the front end of said body beneath said'nose, the spread of sa'd chamber and the length of said chamber eing so designed to produce approximately the full lifting power of the plane.

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