US1813083A

US1813083A - Oil burner

Info

Publication number: US1813083A
Application number: US407996A
Authority: US
Inventors: Serge M Pyankow
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1928-03-14
Filing date: 1929-11-18
Publication date: 1931-07-07
Anticipated expiration: 1948-07-07

Description

`luly 7, 1931.

S. M. PYANKOW on. BURNER Filed Nov. 2 sheets-sheet 1 ATTORN EY July 7, 1931. s. M. PYANKow 1,813,083

OIL BURNER Filed Nov. 18. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 .rmi M. Py/.w/faw lNvENToR Wyk www ATTORNEY Patented July 7, 1493.1

UNITED STATES PATENT ori-TCE v SERGE 1I. PYANKOW, OF MOSCOW, UNION 0F SOCIALIST SOVIEI.' BEPBLICS OIL BURNER Application led November 18, 1929, Serial. No. 407.996, and in the Union of March 14, 1928.

My invention relates to oil burners and has a particular reference to burners of a sprayer type,` operated by a compressed fluid, such` as air, gas, also steam, etc. 5 The object of my invention is to provide a burner adated to give a conical flame of a predetermined shape, in which the fuel particles are given a rotary motion so as to produce more uniform mixture with air. An-` other object of my invention is to increase the path of fuel particles in the body of the burner, thereby preheating them and 1mproving the process of combustion..

My invention is more yfully described 1n the accompanying specification and drawings in whichv Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of my burner adapted to give a round divergm fiame, Fig. 2 is an outside view of same, a longitudinal section of a modlfied burner adapted to give a flat flame, F1g. 4 1s an outside' view of the modified burner, Flg. 5

is a detailed view of the fuel channels for.

the modified burner, Fig. 6 is an end view of the modified burner, Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of a modified construction for flat flame, especially adapted for forges etc., Fig. 8 is an outside view of the last namedmodlfled construction, Fig. 9 is an end View of 30 the last named modified construction, Fig.

10 is a longitudinal 4section of a modified burner for a round flame for forges, and Fig. 11 is a partial section taken in another plane. t

My burner conslsts of'an outer tubular shell 41 with a taperin tip 2. A fian e 3 can be provided with oles 4 for attac mg the burner to the wall of a furnace.r The rearv end of the tube is threaded and 1s adapted to receive the threaded rear portion 5 of an inner tube 6.y The front oroperatmg end ofthe inner tube has a cylindrical portion 7 slidably fitted inside of the tube 1 and providedwith spirally arranged channels or grooves 8. There may be a slngle groove or several of them, and I found that good results are obtained with as many as six.

The grooves extend over the conical front portion of the cylinder7 which corresponds to the inside cone of the tip 2.

ig. 3 is ythe nipplev 13.

sdcianw soviet napalm The grooved portion can be attached to the rear' portion of the inner tube by screwin them together on threads 9.

, he amount of fuel flowing throughthe nozzle can be regulated by the width ofv a slot or clearance 10 between the inner tip and outer cone 2. This adjustment can be made by screwing the threaded portion 5 in or out of the rear threaded ortion of the-outer tube v1.' A handwheel 11 1s attached to the r'ear end of `the tube 6. This end is closed with a plug 12. l

A threaded nipple 13 extends from the tube 1 for steam. The inner tube 6 is provided with an aperture or slot 14'opposite this nipple. The steam space around the tube 6 opposite the nipple 13 is closed by a cylindrical enlarged portion 15 on the tube e which fits tightly and slidably inside off the tube 1.

A lock nut 16 can be used to' lock or -tighten the inner tube 6 in any desired position'in-relation to thetube 1.

A .threaded nipple 17 extends from the tube 1 below the enlarged portion 15l for fuel. A suitable feed pipe (not shown)` can be attached to this nipple, connectin same with a fuel tank located above the urner (for gravity feed), or for delivery under pressure.

A third nipple 18 extends from the side of the tube l1 into the fuel space, preferably at an angle as shown in Flg. 1. Thisy nipple canvbe smaller than the other nipples as it 1s .used only for periodic cleaning of the spiral grooves by'y blowing through them compressed air (or steam under h1 h pressure). For this purpose the nipple 18 is threaded and adapted to be connected with a suitable piping by a coupling of an ordinary type (not shown).

The operation of my burner is as follows.

The blowing pipe connected with the nipple 18 is closed, and the fuel is admitted into the space 19 around the tube 6.

The steam is then admitted inside of the innerV tube 6 through a pipeconnected with Instead of steam af compressed air or similar fluid can be used. The inside diameter of the tube 6 is reduced at the tip in order to increase the velocity of flow.

The fuel, following the spiral grooves 8 becomes preheated and separated into several separate streams which all come out of the nozzle and spread out in a conical shape.

This burner is especially suitable for use with liquid fuel, such as crude oil orpetroleum residue, and adapted for service with locomotive and stationary boilers.

A modified construction is shown in Figs. 3 4, 5 and 6. Here the outer tube 20 is not threaded inside and is provided with a flat tapering ti or nozzle 21. The inner tube 22 is slidab y fitted inside of the tube 20 and is provided lwith a flat tapering tip or nozzle 23. The angle of the inner tip corresponds to the an le of the outer tip, so that a s ace between em is formed (24) of a uni orm width.

The spiral grooves 8 extend from a circular recess 25 to the beginning of the tip 23. They extend further on this tip to its end in the form of straight grooves 26.

The outer tip is provided with an expanding nozzle 27 adspted to give the llame a proper angle of ivergence.

A nijlple 28 extends from the body 20 o posite t e recess 25 for admitting fuel insi e of the burner. The steam or compressed air is admitted inside of the tube 22 through its rear end which is provided with threads 29. The fuel flexible pi (not shown) is attached to the end o the tube 22 by means of a suitable threaded coupling fitting the threads 29.

The rear end of the Vtube 20 has a flange 30 with holes for bolts 31 with which a ring -32 is attached. This rin has a shoulder with which it retains the co ar 33 of an adjustnut 34. lng.lhis nut can turn on the threaded portion of the tube 22, the collar or shoulder 33 rotating between the flange 30 and the ring 32. The nut cannot move lengthwise, so that its rotation causes the tube 22 to slide in the outer tube 20, thereby changing the width of the opening 24.

This burner is especially suitable for steam locomotives and stationary boilers, as it gives'a flattened narrow llame, wide and thin, suitable for low furnaces.

Another modification is shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9. Here the construction is similar to the one shown in Figs. 3, 4,5 and 6, except that an elbow 35 is attached to the end of the tube 22 being clamped by a nut 36 with a compression sealin tween them. The elbow as a flange 38 with which it is attached to a pipe delivering preheated air from a suitable source, for instance, from a foundry cupola, furnace jacket, etc. A smaller pipe 39'is inserted in the wall of the elbow 35 for compressed air or steam. This pipe has a nozzle 40 at the washer 37 beend placed inside of conical section 41 of the elbow. This arrangement represents an ordinary air injector, the blast of the compressed air (or steam) through the nozzle 40 producing a suction in the elbow` 35 and thereby drawing preheated air o r gases from the cupola and delivering them into the burner for the combustion. Instead of an elbow any suitable chamber be provided. It is only necessary that ma it should have a ta ering or conical portion for the inner nozz e so as to forman injector.

A similar arrangement is shown in Fig. 10 of a burner, especially adapted for forges and foundries. It. has a round nozzle 2 and a nipple 17 the other parts being also the same as in Fig. 1. This burner is especially suitable to be used with compressed air which is delivered through the nipple 13. It can be provided with an expanding nozzle tip 42 of a conical or round section, as shown in Fig. 11.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an oil burner, the combination with an outer tubular member provided with an outer lattened tapering tip with an elongated aperture at the end, of an inner tulu lar member slidably iitted in the tubular portion of said outer member and provided with a flattened tapering tip conforming to said outer tapering tip, said inner member being provided with a central channel for air, and with grooves on the outside for fuel.

2. In an oil burner, the combination with an outer tubular member, the main portion of said member being of a cylindrical crosssection, a flattened nozzle on said member, an inner member slidably fitted in the cylindrical portion of said outer member, a flattened tip on said inner member conforming to said flattened nozzle, said inner member being provided with a channel inside for air and wlth spiral grooves on the outside for fuel, said tip being provided with strai ht grooves extending in a direction of the attened aperture in said nozzle and forming a continuation of said spiral grooves.

3. In an oil burner, the combination with an outer tubular member provided with a flattened nozzle, of an inner member slidably fitted in said outer member andgprovided with a llattened tip conforming to said nozzle, grooves for a fuel extending over said inner member and its tip, and a nipple on said outer member adapted to be connected to a source of a compressed fluid for cleaning said burner.

4. In an Aoil burner, the combination with an outer tubular member provided with a flattened nozzle, of an inner member slidably fitted in said outer member and provided with a flattened tip conforming to said nozzle, grooves for fuel extending over said inner member and its tip, the rear portion SERGE M. PYANKOW.